Biomarkers ; urine ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cystatin C ; Cystatins ; urine ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; pathology ; urine ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Male ; TATA Box Binding Protein-Like Proteins ; urine ; alpha-Macroglobulins ; urine

AIM: To investigate hemodynamic alterations of retrobulbar vessels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR) patients with anterior segment neovascularization, before and 3mo after vitrectomy combined with panretinal photocoagulation and to explore the clinical significance.
●METHODS: Color Doppler flow imaging ( CDFl ) was used for measurement of blood flow velocities and resistive indexes ( Rl ) of the ophthalmic artery ( OA ) , short posterior ciliary arteries ( sPCA ) and central retinal artery ( CRA ) in 21 eyes of 21 PDR patients with anterior segment neovascularization. CDFl parameters were obtained before and 3mo after vitrectomy combined with panretinal photocoagulation ( PRP) .
● RESULTS: Peak systolic velocity ( PSV ) and end diastolic velocity ( EVD ) of CRA were significantly increased after surgeries, Rl were decreased significantly (P<0. 05). Parameters of sPCA and OA have no change after surgeries (P>0. 05).
●CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy combined with panretinal photocoagulation might increase the velocity of CRA, decrease Rl and improve ocular blood supply postoperatively. lt may delay or prevent the process of neovascular glaucoma.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Bushen Wenyang Huayu Recipe (BWHR) on hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), proline hydroxylase2 (PHD2), von Hippel Lindau disease (VHL) suppressor gene expressions in endometriosis (EM) rats with Shen yang deficiency blood stasis syndrome (SYDBSS), and to explore the pathogenesis of EM and the mechanism of BWHR for treating EM.

METHODSTotally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, i.e., the blank control group, the sham-operation group, the model group, the Chinese medicine (CM) group, and the Western medicine (WM) group, 10 in each group. Rats in the blank control group and the sham-operation group were fed routinely. Rats in the rest 3 groups received 30-day "extended refrigerator freezing and ice water immersion" and combined with " autotransplantation" to establish EM rat model with SYDBSS. One Milliliter BWHR at 3.33 g/mL was administered to rats in the CM group by gastrogavage. Gestrinone at the daily dose of 0. 5 mg/kg was administered to rats in the WM group by gastrogavage. Equal volume of normal saline was administered to rats in the model group, the blank control group, and the sham-operation group. The size and morphology of ectopic foci in rats were observed after 4 weeks of medication. Expressions of serum CA125, plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were detected by radioimmunoassay. Morphological changes of eutopic endometrium and ectopic tissue were observed under the optical microscope by HE staining. Protein expressions and contents of HIF-lα, PHD2, and VHL were detected by immunohistochemical SABC method and Western blot. mRNA expressions of HIF-1α, PHD2, and VHL were detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe ectopic foci grew significantly in the model group. Their volumes were obviously contracted after treated by CM and WM. Compared with the blank control group and the sham-operation group, serum CA125 and plasma cGMP obviously increased, cAMP obviously decreased (P < 0.05); expressions and contents of HIF-1α mRNA and protein all decreased (P < 0.05); mRNA and protein expressions and contents of PHD2 and VHL all decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with model group, levels of CA125 and cGMP obviously decreased; cAMP levels obviously increased, expressions and contents of HIF-1α mRNA and protein all increased, mRNA and protein expressions and contents of PHD2 and VHL all increased in the WM group and the CM group (P < 0.05). Compared with the CM group, PHD2 protein contents were higher in the WM group (P < 0.05). HIF-1α was negatively correlated with PHD2 (r = -0.799, P = 0.00). HIF-1α was negatively correlated with VHL (r = -0. 625, P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONSBWHR could effectively treat EM. Its mechanism might be associated with reducing contents of HIF-1α, serum CA125, and plasma cGMP, and up-regulating expressions of PHD2, VHL, and cAMP.

Animals ; Cyclic AMP ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Female ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Proline ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Up-Regulation ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of S100B protein in the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis judgement of craniocerebral injury.

METHODSIn this study, we reviewed the domestic and foreign research reports about the relationship between S100B protein and craniocerebral injury.

RESULTSThe concentration of S100B protein had a different increase based on the degree of injury in early stage after craniocerebral injury, and the increasing degree of S100B protein showed a positive correlation with the grading of pathogenetic condition and prognosis of craniocerebral injury.

CONCLUSIONSS100B protein may be taken as a specific index of early diagnosis, grading of pathogenetic condition, and prognosis judgement after craniocerebral injury. To grasp and regulate the mechanism of neurotoxicity and to elucidate the therapeutic effect of S100B protein will be a research direction in clinical treatment of craniocerebral injury.

Craniocerebral Trauma ; cerebrospinal fluid ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Nerve Growth Factors ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Prognosis ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit ; S100 Proteins ; cerebrospinal fluid

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of sialoendoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive sialadenitis (COS).

METHODS25 patients (34 sides) who complained of recurrent swelling in the salivary gland region were selected for study from Jan. 2003 to Jun. 2003 at the Department of salivary gland diseases, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, including 19 parotid cases (27 sides) and 6 submandibular gland cases (7 sides); 16 females and 9 males. And their age range was 17 - 77 years, with an average of 43.72 years. Before sialoendoscopy, 22 parotid cases underwent sialography, and 3 submandibular gland sialoliths cases received an additional standard mandibular occlusal film examination.

RESULTSConventional radiographs revealed that 3 cases had submandibular gland radiopaque stones, and 22 had COS. Dilatation of main duct of parotid and submandibular gland were also found in the radiographs. Sialoendoscopy showed: proliferative fibrous materials in the duct; stenosis or dilatation of duct; vasodilatation, erythema on the wall of the duct; mucoid plugs and pyogenic plugs; irregular lumen shape; radiopaque and radiolucent stones.

CONCLUSIONSSialoendoscopy may be a safe, effective, and minimal invasive method in the diagnosis and treatment of COS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Salivary Gland Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the prevalence trend, prevalence characteristics and influence factors of Japanese B Encephalitis (JE) in Henan province.

METHODSThe data that of 64 401 JE patients in Henan from 1980 to 2008 were statistically analyzed by SPSS12.0 and EXCEL2003 software. Luoshan, Xinan, Xihua, Deng county and Hua county were chosen as monitoring sites. The mosquito specimens were gathered with the artificial hour method and the mosquito curtain method, the mosquito density was calculated one time each ten day period from May to July. At the same time, 30-40 newborn pig blood samples were gathered each ten-day period and the pig serum JE IgG antibody was detected by ELISA method.

RESULTSThe Cumulative incidence of JE was 64 401 cases in Henan province from 1998 to 2008, the range of incidence rate was from 0.34/100 000 (315/93 599 969) to 6.72/100 000 (5246/78 076 567); The average incidence of JE was 4.39/100 000 (3530/80 381 469) from 1980 to 1994; The average incidence of JE was 0.86/100 000 (811/94 217 549) from 1995 to 2008; In 2008, the incidence rate reached the lowest point for 0.34/100 000 (315/93 599 969); The incidence occurred mainly in July-September, accounting for 89.40% of the total cases (57 572/64 401); the patients were concentrated mainly in 5 cities, which were Xinyang, Nanyang, Zhumadian, Zhoukou, Luoyang, accounting for 81.02% (52 175/64 401). The 0 - 14 years old age group was the dominant group (79.01%, 50 884/64 401). In Luoyang city, incidence of >/= 15 years old group was significantly increased (57.83%, 2120/3666), the constitution of JE incidence were significantly different between 0 - 14 years old group and >/= 15 years old age group (chi(2) = 2705.32, P < 0.05) in Henan province and Luoyang city. The different density of the mosquitoes and the different positive-times for 50% of the antibodies of JE in piglets on the monitor sites showed the intensity of JE disease.

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of JE showed a decreasing trend, seasonal, regional characteristics and age distribution difference in Henan province. The monitoring of host animal pig JE antibody level and the medium mosquito density may forecast the JE prevalence tendency. To control the incidence in the younger groups in Henan province, older age group in Luoyang city and high-incidence areas, it is important to strengthen the monitoring and forecasting measures to prevent JE in Henan province.

Adolescent ; Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Culicidae ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Environmental Monitoring ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Population Surveillance ; Swine ; Universal Precautions

oes of JE incidence in Henan province.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Henan province.Methods Epidemiological characteristics and related factors of JE cases in Henan province from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method and JE IgM antibodies of the serum or cerebrospinal fluid of the cases were detected by ELISA.Results 3099 cases were reported in Henan province from 2006 to 2010.The incidence fluctuated from 0.39/100 000 to 1.08/100 000,and the incidence rate was decreasing.Patients were concentrated mainly in Xinyang,Nanyang and Luoyang cities,which accounted for 60.12％ of the total.The peak season was in July-September,accounted for 93.26％ of all the cases.Most cases were in 0-14 year old (83.61％) in the whole province.However,in Luoyang city,number of cases in the ≥ 15 year old group,had an obvious increase (57.63％).Compared with the provincial data,significant difference was found between the two ≥ 15 year old groups (x2=330.0341,P＜0.05)statistically.20.23％ of the JE cases were vaccinated but 75.54％ of them did not complete the whole course.79.77％ of the cases were not sure if they had received the vaccination.42.98％ of the JE cases were confirmed through laboratory tests but other 45.95％ of them were clinically diagnosed,with the rest 11.07％ were suspected cases.Conclusion The distribution of JE cases showed seasonal,regional characteristics and crowd differences in Henan province.Basic immunization and the program on strengthening immunization of JE should be further standardized.The laboratory diagnosis rate of JE cases should be further improved.

Objective To study the clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with acute paraquat poisoning.Methods The clinical data of 108 patients with acute paraquat poisoning in Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from June 2013 to June 2015 were collected and followed up for half a year.The clinical features and prognostic factors were analyzed.Results Of 108 patients,about 90.00％ cases were from the rural areas,the married population accounted for 81.48％.Among them,53 people were living,55 cases were dead,and the death rate was 51.00％.The average amount of poison,average hospitalization time,poison to gastric lavage time interval in the survival group were (22.08 ±5.32) mL,(16.5 ± 3.72) d,(2.00 ±0.49) h,respectively,which in the death group were (88.12 ± 14.96) mL,(5.50 ± 1.20) d,(8.56 ± 1.65) h,respectively.The average amount of poison in the death group was far greater than that of the survival group,about 3.6 times,and the average hospitalization time was significantly reduced,only 1/3 of the survival group.The gastric lavage time interval was also lengthened 1.7 times than that of the survival group,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The proportions of fever,increased serum creatinine,liver function damage and pulmonary fibrosis in the death group were significantly higher than those in the survival group,the differences were statistically significant (x2 =12.20,8.35,8.84,50.68,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Mortality rates are still high in patients with acute paraquat poisoning.The amount of poison is still the key factor of death in patients.Early gastric lavage and blood purification,as soon as possible to clear the poison,as far as possible to reduce the absorption of the toxic chemical and aggressive treatment can significantly improve the prognosis of patients.Early fever,liver and kidney function damage and pulmonary fibrosis may predict the poor prognosis of patients.

Objective To explore a kind of simple and high efficient approach to differentiate human embryonic stem cells(hESCs)into neural stem cells(NSCs).Methods hESCs were cultured in bacterial culture dish filled with serum free medium to gain embryoid bodies.Then the mature embryoid bodies grew in the special medium including B27 and noggin by adherent culture to differentiate into NSCs. Results The hESCs kept floating in the bacterial culture dish and growing all the time and then formed mature embryoid bodies 7 to 10 days later.The embryoid bodies could be differentiated into highly pure (96.4%)nestin positive cells.And these cells were differentiated into all kinds of neural cells if cultured further.Conclusions This kind of method is less time-consuming,cheaper,and more efficient than those of the results in literatures reported.It affords very good source of seed cells for cell transplantation therapy in the future.