17 cases (18 eyes)of paralytic esotropia were treated with injection of botulinum toxin A(BTA) into extraocular muscles. The maximum therapeutic paralytic effect occurred in 7～10 days following the injection and the maximum correction of strabismus was 50~△. The cases were followed up 4～20 weeks and 5 cases attained eventual binocular vision. No systemic complications occured. The authors believe that the injection of BTA may be an alternative to treatment for some cases of strabismus.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological status and drug resistance to common antibiotics of non-fermentative bacilli in our hospital,in order to provide the guideline for reasonable use of antibiotics.Methods A total of 825 strains of non-fermentative bacilli from various clinical specimen were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 825 strains of non repetitive non-fermentative bacilli were isolated.The first of the three vibrionaceae were 301 strains Pseudomonas Aeruginosa accounted for 36.48％,279 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii accounted for 33.81％,a few malt raise form afterbirth fungus 245 plants accounted for 26.69％.Strains isolated from phlegm,urine and pharynx swab were 580(70.30％),105(12.73％) and 68(8.24％) respectively.Infections with non-fermentative bacilli occurred in the department of respiratory medicine,surgery and ICU were 290 (35.15％),212 (25.70％) and 125 (15.03％) respectively.The susceptibility results of antibiotics showed that the resistant rate of bactrim,Cefotaxime,and Ceftriaxone was beyond 85.00％ with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.Acinetobacter baumannii strains of Amikacin,Aztreonam,cefotaxime resistance rate was beyond 36.00％,while beyond 95.00％strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were sensitive with Imipenem and Meropenem.The resistant rate of Cefepime,Imipene,m,Meropenem,Cefotaxim-c,Aztreonam was beyond 100.00％ with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,while which were sensitive with Minocycline.Conclusion Non-fermentative Bacilli hospital infection is the main pathogenic bacteria,and existence multiple drug resistance to antimicrobial agents.

At the beginning of a standard item, the standardized objects and involved contents should be demonstrated thoroughly, which is the precondition of establishing a good standard. After the proposal of this standard, a high-level drafting group should be built, led by top specialists who also draft the standard, which is essential to guarantee the quality of the standard. Before drafting the standard, literature regarding this standard should be searched completely, and Directives for Standardization should be learned to understand the basic requirements of establishing a standard; in the meanwhile, selections on standardized contents and quantitative boundaries of technical indices should be comprehensively and deeply studied. At the stage of consultation, focus should be paid on the scope of the consultation departments, level and personnel quality. As for standard review, it should be precise and truth-seeking. At the stage of submitting and authorization, it is necessary to have timely communication. Only by full cooperations of all parties, and by strictly following the procedure, method and rule of standard establishment, can a high-quality acupuncture-moxibustion standard be established.
Acupuncture ; manpower ; organization & administration ; standards ; Acupuncture Therapy ; standards ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; standards

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid combined with cefuroxime axetil in the treatment of bacterial respiratory tract infection. METHODS:184 patients with bacterial respiratory tract infection were randomly divided into test group and control group. Test group was orally given 250 mg Cefuroxime axetil tablet,twice a day+20 ml Shuanghuanglian oral liquid,3 times a day. Control group was only given Cefuroxime axetil tablet (the same dosage as test group). The treatment course for 2 groups was 2 weeks. The cough duration,body temperature recovery time and runny nose disap-pearing time before and after treatment and bacterial clearance rate in 2 groups were observed,clinical efficacy and incidence of ad-verse reactions were recorded. RESULTS:After treatment,the total effective rate in test group was significantly higher than control group,cough duration,body temperature recovery time and runny nose disappearing time were significantly shorter than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);and there were no significant differences in the bacterial clearance rate and incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid combined with ce-furoxime axetil is superior to cefuroxime axetil alone in the treatment of bacterial respiratory infections,with similar safety.

Dysphagia increases the risks of mortality and palindromia post stroke, and influences the rehabilitation and quality of life. All the patients with stroke need a set of clinical screening, and those positive would accept comprehensive evaluation, both bedside and lab-oratory. Many approaches have been used for dysphagic rehabilitation, but it is not clear what the best is.

Objective To observe the effectiveness of botulinum toxin A (BTXA) in the treatment of small sample patients with acute acquired concomitant esotropia. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 6 patients (3 female and 3 male) with acute acquired concomitant esotropia aged 6 to 34 years. Methods All the patients were received 2.5 units of BTXA injected into the bilateral medial rectus muscles once under electromyographic control. They were performed alter prism-cover test,synoptophore and stereoscopic charts test. Main Outcome Measures The alignment of eyes and binocular vision. Results The follow-up of patients was 4 to 39 months. The pre-injection angle of deviation was 43.3?1.0△; the angle of deviation at the last follow-up was 3.3?8.2△,and 5 patients achieved alignment. In pre-injection,one patient had distance stereopsis,2 patients had near stereopsis with 600 seconds and 40 seconds; after injection,5 patients demonstrated distance and near stereeopsis (3 patients 40 seconds,1 patient 60 seconds,and 1 patient 200 seconds). Conclusion This small sample study shows that BTXA injection is effective alternative in treating acute acquired concomitant esotropia.

Objective To explore the compound azintamide + mosapride application regimen in elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases and associated dyspepsia in the treatment. Methods 116 cases of elderly patients with gastrointestinal disease associated dyspepsia patients treated in our hospital from April 2016 to April 2017 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 58 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with azintamide + mosapride,the control group was treated with mosapride,the two groups were treated for 28 d .The total score of dyspeptic symptoms before and after treatment in two groups was recorded, and the clinical symptoms were evaluated according to the remission rate of symptom scores. The incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups was calculated and compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in total scores of dyspepsia symptoms between two groups before treatment. The total score of the two groups of dyspepsia symptoms decreased in different degrees after the end of the effective course,the observation group was significantly better than the control group (P<0.05). The effective rate of the observation group was 87.9%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (60.3%) (P<0.05). Conclusion Compound azintamide combined with Mosapride is effective in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases associated dyspepsia in elderly patients, combination therapy significantly improved in patients with dyspeptic symptoms, improve the quality of life of patients, clinical application of feedback is good, safe and reliable.

The tobacco epidemic is a problem with serious consequence for public health in the whole world. Reducing the tobacco harm and protecting public health have become a crucial topic for ethics. This paper, firstly, presents some facts related to the tobacco epidemic. Based on these facts, then, it analyzes the issue from ethical perspectives. And finally, it discusses the moral responsibilities for reducing the tobacco epidemic.

Interleukin-18 is an inactive precursor which lacks a signal peptide,it has a role inregulating retinal pathological angiogenesis.It also inhibits experimental choroidal neovascularization (CNV)via interferon-γand thrombospondin-1.Currently little is known about its mechanisms of inhibition forCNV,may be speculated to be due to effects of anti-angiogenesis,down-regulates vascular permeability andlower vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels via directly acting on the vascular endothelial celland epithelial cells.Exogenous administration of mature recombinant interleukin-18 has no adverse effect onretinal pigment epithelial cell viability.In addition,the anti-VEGF role of interleukin-18 is tested to be safeand effective for humans.Interleukin-18 alone or in combination with anti-VEGF shows to be a goodprospect for improving the prognosis of experimental CNV.However,more large clinical studies arerequired to confirm the exact efficacy of interleukin-18 for CNV.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy of Radix Astragali Injection in combination of Kallidinogenase for diabetic nephropathy.METHODS:A total of 78 patients with diabetic nephropathy were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive Kallidinogenase plus Radix Astragali Injection orally(trial group)or Kallidinogenase alone(control group)orally for 4wk.The main outcome measures were UPE,Alb,?2-MG,THP,Scr,BUN etc.RESULTS:After treatment,all the indexes were decreased significantly(P