BACKGROUND: Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is possibly related to regulation of various cell signals that are derived from aqueous uveoscleral outflow pathway.OBJECTIVE: To explore effect of travoprost on the expression of NF-κB and inhibitor-κB (I-κB) in human ciliary muscle cells cultured in vitro. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A contrast study, which was performed in the Laboratory of Zhongshan Ophthalmology Center from March 2005 to November 2006.MATERIALS: Eyeballs were obtained from the youth who died due to other diseases except eye disease no more than one hour. The relatives voluntarily provided the informed consent.METHODS: Travoprost (1 μmol/L) was added in human ciliary muscle cell culture medium, and then the samples were divided into four groups according to culture time, including 0-hour (control group), 6-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour experimental groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expression of mRNA and protein of NF-κB p65 and I-κBα in the four groups by using real-time RT-PCR, immunofluorescence relative quantitative analysis and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. RESULTS: As compared to control group, mRNA expression of NF-κB p65 in the 6-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour experimental groups was decreased (F=17.068, P=0.001); while mRNA expression of I-κBα was not changed remarkably in the 6-hour and 12-hour experimental groups (P > 0.05), but the expression was significantly higher than that in the 24-hour experimental group (F=32.742, P=0.000). Immunofluorescence relative quantitative analysis showed that the fluorescence intensity of NF-κB p65 in the 6-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour experimental groups were weaker than that in the 0-hour control group (F=17.216, P=0.000); additionally, as compared to 0-hour control group, fluorescence intensity of I-κBα in the 6-hour experimental group was not changed remarkably (P=0.134), that in the 12-hour experimental group was weakened (P=0.032), and that in the 24-hour experimental group was strengthened (F=17.346, P=0.001). ELISA revealed that expression of phosphorylated NF-κB p65 was decreased gradually by the time of being induced by travoprost (F=15.4, P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Travoprost can down-regulate mRNA expression of NF-κB p65, inhibit nuclear translocation, and up-regulate mRNA expression of I-κBα in human ciliary muscle cells.

Abstract?AIM: To evaluate the clinical application of IOL Master by comparing with traditional ultrasound biometry on the accuracy and characteristics of intraocular lens calculation.?METHODS:Data was analyzed from 164 patients ( 206 eyes ) with age - related cataracts who underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens ( IOL ) implantation in our hospital from June 2014 to June 2015. Before surgery, axial length and corneal curvature were measured with IOL Master and combined application of ultrasonic or manual keratometry, respectively. Phacoemulsification and foldable lens implantation were done in the patients. IOL power calculation was carried out using the SRK-Ⅱformula with the basis of IOL Master data. The visual acuity and refractive outcome were followed-up for 3mo postoperatively.?RESULTS:There was a significant difference between the two methods on axial length measurement which was 23. 86 ± 1. 05mm by IOL Master and 23. 50 ± 0. 83mm by ultrasound ( P = 0. 025 ). There was also a significant difference between the two methods on corneal curvature measurement which was 44. 18 ± 1. 35D by IOL Master and 43. 70 ± 1. 41D by keratometry ( P = 0. 01 ). The mean absolute error(MAE), at 3mo after operation, was 0. 41± 0. 30D and 0. 93 ± 1. 10D by the IOL Master and ultrasound groups, respectively, there was a significant difference between the two methods(P=0. 027).?CONCLUSION:The IOL Master is a non-contact, safe,easy-to-do and patient-friendly methods for axial length and corneal curvature measurement with high accuracy, thus it can calculate the IOL power more accurate and improve the predictive value for postoperative refraction.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and curative effect of phenylketonuria(PKU) in Gansu.Methods Fifty-nine thousand nine hundred infants and 118 borderline cases were screened from Oct.1999 to Dec.2006.Three drops of venous blood was collected from the exterior or interior part in the heel,and trickled the venous blood onto the specialized filter paper,which could be formed into 3 bloodstains with the diameter of 0.8-1.0 cm.Phenylalanine(phe) was detected by chemiluminescence method,and PKU was screened by the PKU standard of diagnosis.Infants with PKU had been given low phe food.During the treatment,phe level,physical development and intellectual development were measured regularly.Patients′ body weight,height and head circumference were measured once 1 month.Patients′ intellectual quotient(IQ) were measured every half year(IQ was analyzed by Gesell test).Results were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 software for t test.Results In total,93 patients with PKU were diagnosed and treated.Thirty-six cases were identified by neonatal screening before 3 mouths old.Mental retardation was found in 57 cases before 6 years old.After treatment with low-phe diet,the follow-up for early-treated patients revealed that their physical and mental development were normal,and height,weight and head circumference were in the normal amplitude,and the results of IQ was(92?12)scores.In later treated patients,abnormal behaviors were significantly improved and their developmental quotients were elevated.Before treatment,Gesell value was(57?20)scores;after 12-18 months treatment Gesell value was(70?20)scores.The difference was significant(t=1.705 P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate in vivo pharmacokinetics of Ophiopogonis Radix polysaccharide MDG-1 oily suspension injection prepared with different prescriptions in rats, and explore the feasibility of the long-acting drug delivery of MDG-1 Injection by using the oily suspension drug release system.

METHODMDG-1 microparticles were prepared by the anti-solvent precipitation method. Their size and size distribution were characterized. Castor oil with a high viscosity or aluminum stearate were added into soybean oil with a low viscosity, in order to prepare oily media with different viscosities, detect their rheological properties and screen out superior prescriptions for in vivo evaluation.

RESULTThe average size of microparticles was 21.81 microm, and the span between them was 2.63. The in vivo evaluation was conducted for prescriptions of mixed oil (soybean oil/castor oil, 2: 3) and soybean oils gelled by 2% and 4% aluminium stearate. Among them, the prescription of soybean gelled by 4% aluminium stearate could significantly reduce C(max) and prolong the apparent t1/2, with the MDG-1 release time of several days.

CONCLUSIONIt is feasible to achieve the long-acting MDG-1 drug delivery by using oily media with a high viscosity.

Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Ophiopogon ; chemistry ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Viscosity

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of remimazolam-propofol-sufentanil for anesthesia in patients undergoing painless gastroscopy.Methods:Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠor Ⅱ patients, aged 20-59 yr, weighing 44-69 kg, scheduled for elective painless gastroscopy, were divided into 2 groups ( n=40 each) using a random number table method: remimazolam-propofol-sufentanil group (group RPS) and propofol-sufentanil group (group PS). The patients in group RPS received successive intravenous injection of sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg, remimazolam 0.15 mg/kg and propofol (at a rate of 4 mg/s). The patients in group PS received intravenous injection of sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg and propofol (at a rate of 4 mg/s). When Observer′ s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale score was 0, gastroscopy was performed.The consumption of propofol, time of anesthesia, time for gastroscopy, emergence time and discharge time were recorded.The number of intraoperative assisted respiration cases, body movement and occurrence of adverse reactions at the time of discharge were observed. Results:Compared with group PS, the consumption of propofol was significantly decreased, and the time of anesthesia, emergence time and discharge time were shortened in group RPS ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the time for gastroscopy, the number of intraoperative assisted respiration cases, body movement and the occurrence of adverse reactions at discharge time between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Remimazolam-propofol-sufentanil produces better efficacy for anesthesia than propofol-sufentanil in patients undergoing painless gastroscopy.

OBJECTIVETo classify the clinical symptoms of oligodontia and summarize the characteristics of the diseases.

METHODS33 patients with congenitally permanent teeth missing (6 or more than 6) were taken clinical examination, diagnosis, prosthetic treatment and made records of the status of tooth agenesis, systemic symptoms, and family history.

RESULTSThe symptoms of oligodontia were clinically classified into two groups: oligodontia with or without systemic syndromes. And the former has two typical kinds of diseases: anhidrotic/hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (EDA) and Rieger syndrome.

CONCLUSIONSCorrect diagnosis and early treatment for these patients are of very importance.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anodontia ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ectodermal Dysplasia ; diagnosis ; Eye Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Shen warming Pi strengthening method on expressions of serum T cell subsets (C045+%, C03+%, and C04 +/COB+) in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-0) rats. Methods An IBS-0 rat model was established referring to AL-Chaer's modeling method combined with tail clamp and intragastric administration of sanna leaf. After modeling 30 SO rats were randomly divided into 6 groups according to random digit table, i.e., the model group, the high, middle, low dose Wenshen Jianpi Recipe (WJR) groups, and the Sishen Pill control group, 6 in each group. A normal control group consisting of 6 SO rats were also set up. Rats in high, middle, low dose WJ R groups were administered by gastrogavage with boil-free WJ R at the daily dose of 3. 100, 1. 550, 0. 775 g/kg, respectively. Rats in the Sis hen Pill control group were administered by gastrogavage with boil-free Sis hen Pill at the daily dose of 0. 736 g/kg. Equal volume of normal saline was given by gastrogavage to rats in the model group and the normal control group. All medication lasted for 2 successive weeks. Rats' general state, expressions of T cell subsets (CD45+%, CD3+%, and CD4+ /CDB+) changes were observed.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, expressions of CD45+% and CD3+% increased, but CD4+ /CDB+ decreased with statistical difference (P < 0. 05). Compared with the model group, expressions of CD45+% and CD3+% decreased, but CD4+ ICDB+ increased with statistical difference in high, middle, low dose WJR groups, and the Sis hen Pill control group (P <0. 05). Compared with the Sis hen Pill control group, there was statistical difference in all indices except CD45+ value in the low dose SWPSM group (P <0. 05). Compared with the low dose WJ R group, the expression of CD3+% decreased in high and middle dose WJR groups, and the Sis hen Pill control group; CD4+ /CD8+ increased in the Sishen Pill control group and the high dose SWPSM group (all P < 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSWJR showed better treatment effect. The mechanism of Shen warming Pi strengthening method might be achieved by regulating expressions of CD45+% and CD3+%, and CD4+ /CD8+ ratios.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Female ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; therapy ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and mechanism of Scutellaria Baicalensis Stem-leaf Total Flavonoid (SSTF) on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rat.

METHODOn the basis of establishing hyperlipidemia rat model, blood lipids, lipid metabolic enzyme, antioxidative capacity were investigated after 30 days feeding of fatty emulsion.

RESULTSSTF significantly reduced the serum TC, TG, LDL-C, ApoB concentration and increased HDL-C and ApoAI levels, improved the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). SSTF was shown to decreased MDA content in both serum and liver, increased serum SOD activity.

CONCLUSIONSSTF could remarkably modulate the lipid metabolic disorder in hyperlipidemic rats, and has a certain regulating function on lipoprotein, inferring that it could reduce the occuring of atherosclerosis. The mechanism of regulating lipid metabolism might be related with the increasing activity of LCAT and antioxidative capacity.

Animals ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; blood ; Apolipoproteins B ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry ; Triglycerides ; blood

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical anesthesia value of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) combined with general intravenous anesthesia in endoscopic bilateral thyroidectomy patients.

METHODSTotally 60 patients who underwent endoscopic bilateral thyroidectomy were equally randomly assigned to 2 groups, the treatment group and the control group, 30 in each group. Patients in the treatment group received TAES combined general intravenous anesthesia, while those in the control group received total intravenous anesthesia. Anesthesia was maintained by target controlled infusion of propofolum combined constant speed infusion of remifentanil in the two groups. TAES was maintained from 30 min before anesthesia induction to the end of endoscopic thyroidectomy at bilateral Hegu (L14) and Neiguan (PC6). The mean artery pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded at different time points of anesthesia, i.e., immediately after entry into the operating room (TO), immediately after intubation (T1), 5 min after intubation (T2), 5 min before incision (T3), 5 min after incision (T4), 30 min after inflation (T5), at the end of surgery (T6), 5 min before extubation (T7), immediately after extubation 0 (T8), and 5 min after extubation (T9). The concentration of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were measured at TO, T3, T5, and T6. The target concentration of propofol was also recorded at T3, T4, and T5.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the operation time between the two groups (P >0.05). Compared with TO in the same group, HR at T3-T4 decreased and increased at T8-T9, and MAP increased at T7-T9 in the treatment group; HR decreased at T3 and increased at T7-T9, MAP increased at T1, T5, T7-T9, and MAP decreased at T2-T3 in the control group. IL-6 increased at T5-T6, while TNF-alpha decreased at T6 in the two groups (P <0.01,P <0.05). Compared with the control group at the same time point, HR decreased at T6-T9, MAP decreased at T1, T4, T5, T7-T9, MAP increased at T3, and IL-6 decreased at T5-T6 in the treatment group (P <0. 05). The concentration and the total amount of propofol were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0.01,P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTAES could maintain the hemodynamics more stably and inhibit the stress response in endoscopic thyroidectomy. It also reduce the dosage of anesthetics and improve the safety of anesthesia.

Acupuncture Points ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Intravenous ; Electric Stimulation ; methods ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; Piperidines ; Propofol ; Thyroidectomy ; methods ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Objective To prepare 18F-5-fluoro-N-(2-(diethylamino) ethyl) picolinamide (18F-5-FPN) and evaluate its binding affinity with melanin.Methods 5-bromo-N-(2-(diethylamino) ethyl)picolinamide (precursor) was synthesized and the structure was characterized by ultraviolet (UV),nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry.18F-5-FPN was prepared with FX-XN module through nucleophilic substitution reaction.The product was purified and identified by HPLC.The binding specificity of 18F-5-FPN with melanin was demonstrated by in vitro study of cellular uptake,and in vivo static PET imaging of pigmented B16F10 and amelanotic A375m allografts.Biodistribution study was performed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of 18F-5-FPN in vivo.Two-sample t test was used for data analysis.Results The structure of precursor was characterized by UV,1H NMR,13C NMR and mass spectrometry.18 F-5-FPN was successfully prepared with radiochemical yield of 5％-8％,radiochemical purity ＞95％ and the specific activity of 100-120 GBq/μmol.The cell uptake study showed that the uptakes of 18F-5-FPN in B16F10 cells at 30,60 and 120 min ((9.80±0.46) ％,(10.34±0.32) ％,(7.27±0.26)％) were significantly higher than those in A375m cells ((1.36±0.14)％,(1.75±0.12)％,(1.54±0.09)％;t =30.3,46.8,38.4,all P＜0.05),and the optimal uptakes were observed at 60 min for both cells.In static PET imaging,the tumors in B16F10-bearing mice were clearly visible with the uptake value of (18.20±3.21) ％ID/g and the T/B ratio of 19.17±10.03 at 1 h postinjection,while no tumor uptake was seen in A375m-bearing mice.The main clearance pathway of 18F-5-FPN was the renal system,which cleared the unbound tracer rapidly.Conclusions 18F-5-FPN can specifically target the melanin in vitro and in vivo with favorable pharmacokinetics and good T/B ratio.18F-5-FPN may be an ideal molecular probe for diagnosis of malignant melanoma.