Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, surgical staging of primary tumors of cervical spine, the effects of different surgical approach and operative method. Methods The location, characteristics,surgical staging, clinical manifestation of tumors, different operative approach and opertative methods were described respectively. Surgical staging of the tumors in 45 cases was divided into four stages: 10 cases in stageⅠ,11 cases in stage Ⅱ, 9 cases in stage Ⅲ, 15 cases in stage Ⅳ. Eleven cases were treated with intracapsule excision, 18 cases by marginal excision, 15 cases by wide excision. Results The following up period lasted from 6 months to 10 years(average 3 years). One case with upper cervical spine tumor died from quadriplegia, respiratory and circulatory failure 10 days after operation. The short term results after operation were satisfactory in 44 cases. The local pain and neurological symptoms were improved or resolved. Megrim in 2 cases disappeared;1 cases with malignant nerve sheath tumors and 1 cases with chondrosarcoma died from metastasis, and systemic failure in 13 months, 24 months. Tumors focus recurred one year after the surgery in 1 case with osteoblastomas, 1 case with chondrosarcoma and 1 case with giant cell tumor. Conclusion The surgical approach and operative methods must be selected according to the location, surgical staging, characters of tumors; operative methods and postoperative comprehensive therapy play important roles on prognosis of the tumor cases.

Objective cyclin D1 gene plays a significant role in regulating cell cycle progression.Suppression of cyclin D1 protcin expression can effect on cellular proliferation,distribution of cell cycle and apoptosis.This study was to determine whether this effect also existed in chronic leukemia ceil line K562 by inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1 protein through RNA interference in vetro.Methods Plasmid vectors expressing small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting at cyclin D1 gene were constructed and transfected into K562 cells by chitosan,cyclin D1 protein was examined by using Western blot analysis.Inhibition of cellular proliferation was evaluated hy soft agar colony formation assay.The cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry.Results Expression of cyclin D1 protein was markedly down-regulated and capability of colony formation was suppressed after transfection with pshRNA-419 and pshRNA-575 at 48h.Down-regulation of cyclin D1 protein could effect on distribution of cell cycle arrested at G_0/G_1 phase and markedly induce apoptosis of K562 cells.But there had no above biological effects ob- served after transfection with blank vector and control vector of m-pshRNA-790.Conclusion Down-regulation of cyclin D1 expression can inhibit growth of K562 cells,and effect on distribution of cell cycle arrested at G_0/G_1 phase.The primary results suggest that cyclin D1 gene might serve as an effective target for the treatment of leukemia.

The study is to develop a method to determine 3 batches leaves of Nauclea officinalis and stems of N. officinalis by HPLC. The differences between strictosamide contents and fingerprints was compared, then chromatographic peak of fingerprints was validated with the assistance of LC-MS. The strictosamide contents in stems of N. officinalis were higher than leaves of N. officinalis. The main chemical composition in leaves of N. officinalis and stems of N. officinalis were alkaloid which revealed by LC-MS. There are 7 chemical compositions were same between them, but the chemical composition in leaves of N. officinalis is more than stems of N. officinalis. This provides a scientific basis for the development of the potential medicinal value of leaves of N. officinalis and the sustainable utilization of N. officinalis.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Rubiaceae ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To compare the efficacy of 18F-FDG PET/CT, 99Tcm-MDP bone scintigraphy (BS), and combination of the two techniques (PET/CT + BS) for detecting bone metastasis by ROC curve analysis. Methods All 296 patients with various cancers, who underwent both 99Tcm-MDP BS and 18F-FDG PET/CT within two months, were retrospectively analyzed. These images were interpreted according to 5-point scale (0: definitely negative, 1: probably negative, 2: equivocal, 3: probably positive, 4:definitely positive for bone metastasis), and the scale of PET/CT + BS was the sum of PET/CT and BS. In light of the confirmed diagnosis derived from pathology or follow-up, ROC curve analysis was performed.The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was compared by z-test. Results Of 296 cases, 61 (20.6%) were confirmed as bone metastases and 235 (79.4%) were negative. The AUC were 0. 919 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) :0. 867 - 0. 971) for BS, 0. 949 (95% CI: 0. 906 - 0. 991) for PET/CT, and 0. 994 (95% CI: 0.988-0.999) for PET/CT + BS, rctrospectively. The AUC of PET/CT + BS was statistically significantly larger than that of BS (z=2. 866, P=0.004) or PET/CT (z =2.027, P=0.043), while the AUC of PET/CT was larger than that of BS, but no statistically significance (z = 0. 881, P = 0. 378) was showed. The optimal sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value(NPV) were 90. 2% (55/61), 85. 1% (200/235), 86. 1% (255/296), 61. 1% (55/90), 97. 1%(200/206) for BS, 88.5% (54/61), 97.0% (228/235), 95.3% (282/296), 88.5% (54/61), 97.0% for PET/CT, and 98.4% (60/61), 95.7% (225/235), 96.3% (285/296), 85.7% (60/70) for PET/CT + BS,respectively. The specificity (χ2 = 19.862, P<0. 001), accuracy (χ2 = 23. 361, P<0.001) and PPV (χ2 =11. 791, P =0.001) of PET/CT + BS were significantly higher than those of BS, the sensitivity of PET/CT +BS was significantly higher than that of PET/CT (χ2 =4.167, P=0.031). Compared with BS, PET/CT had a higher specificity (χ2 = 19.600, P<0. 001), accuracy (χ2 = 13. 755, P <0. 001), PPV (χ2 = 13. 608, P <0. 001), but their sensitivity showed no statistically significant difference (χ2 = 0, P = 1. 000). Conclusions The efficacy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for detecting malignant bone metastasis was superior to that of 99Tcm-MDP BS alone. The detection ability can be obviously improved by combination of the two techniques.

Spleen kidney Yang deficiency (SKYD) diarrhea is a common syndrome in tranditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Until now, there is not an ideal SKYD diarrhea rat model for the research. In this study, we compared single factor way (method I, injecting hydrocortisone and gavaging Sennae Folium) with compound factors way(method II, gavaging adenine, improper diet, exhaustion, and gavaging Sennae Folium) on establishing SKYD diarrhea rat model. After modelling, diarrhea index, D-xylose excretory rate, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index and histopathology examination were used to evaluate the two ways. The results showed that, compared with health group, all the assessment criterias of method I and method II had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05). In addition, the index such as diarrhea index, NOS/cGMP signal transduction system, organ index (kidney, testis and thymus) and histopathology examination had significant differences (P < 0.01, 0.05) between method I and method II. In conclusion, the compound factors modelling method better conforms to the symptom of diarrhoea model caused by SKYD. This new modelling method provides a basis for studying on TCM astringents warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney, relieving diarrhea.
Animals ; Diarrhea ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Xylose ; metabolism ; Yang Deficiency ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of osthole (Ost) on adrenocortical function in Y1 mouse adrenocortical tumor cells.

METHODSY1 mouse adrenocortical tumor cells were taken as subjects in this experiment. In 10.0%, 1.0%, and 0.1% serum DMEM-F12 medium, Y1 cells were treated with 1, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 micromol/L Ost for 24 and 48 h. 0.1% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) was taken as negative control group and 1 mmol/L (Bu) 2cAMP as positive control group. Cell growth morphology was observed under inverted microscope. Contents of corticosterone were tested by ELISA. Expression levels of steroids synthase such as Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp21a1, Hsd3b2, Cyp11b1, Cyp11b2, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3 mRNA were detected by Real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).

RESULTSY1 cell proliferation was obviously inhibited by 100 and 200 micromol/L Ost, and its inhibitory effect was more significant in 0.1% serum medium. Compared with the negative control group, gene expressions of Star, Cyp11a1 , Cyp21a1, Hsd3b2, Cyp11b1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3 were significantly enhanced in the posi- tive control group (P < 0.05). Y1 cell corticosterone levels significantly increased in 50 micromol/L Ost treatment group after 24-and 48-h intervention (P < 0.05). Contents of corticosterone increased more obviously in 25 and 50 +/- mol/L Ost treatment groups after 48-h intervention, as compared with 24-h intervention (P < 0.01). After 24-h intervention, expression levels of Star, Cyp21a1, and Hsd3b2 genes were significantly up-regulated in 25 and 50 lLmol/L Ost groups (P < 0.05). Star gene expression was further enhanced after 48-h intervention (P < 0.05). However, Ost showed no effect on Cyp11a1 (P > 0.05). Additionally, gene expressions of Cyp11b1 and Cyp17a1 were significantly enhanced by 10, 25, and 50 pLmolIL Ost after treatment for 24 and 48 h (P < 0.05). Ost showed no obvious effect on Cyp11b2 and Hsd17b3 expressions.

CONCLUSIONOst could regulate adrenal cortex function and promote corticosterone synthesis and secretion through strengthening gene expressions of steroidogenic enzymes.

Adrenal Cortex ; drug effects ; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms ; pathology ; Animals ; Corticosterone ; biosynthesis ; Coumarins ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents from the bark of Mitragyna rotundifolia.

METHODColumn chromatographic techniques were applied to isolate constituents. A combination of IR, MS and NMR spectroscopy was used to identify structures of constituents.

RESULTSix compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction and their structures were elucidated as quinovic acid-3-O-beta-D-6-deoxy-glucopyranoside, 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1), quinovic acid-27-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl ester (2), quinovic acid-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), qunovic acid-27-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (4), quovic acid-3-O-beta-D-6-deoxy-glucopyranoside (5), qunovic acid-27-O-beta-6-deoxy-D-glucopyranosyl ester (6).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1 - 6 were isolated for the first time from the plant. Compounds 1 - 4 and 6 were isolated for the first time form the genus.

Mitragyna ; chemistry ; Plant Bark ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

The objective of this study is to generate broad spectrum monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) against a group of pyrethroid insecticides and to identify its immunological characteristics. The generic hapten 3-phenoxy-benzoic acid ( PBA) was conjugated to carrier protein BSA by activated ester method. Balb/c mice were immunized with PBA-BSA. The titer of polyclonal antibody ( pAb ) was detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) after five times immunization. The mouse with high titer and sensitivity was selected for cell fusing. The splenocytes of immunized mice were fused with Sp2/0 cells and the cultural supernatants of hybridoma cells were screened by indirect non-competitive ELISA based on the coating antigen PBA-ovoalbumin ( PBA-OVA ) . High-sensitivity and high-specificity mAb was prepared after subcloning using limiting dilution method. Purified mAb was obtained after purified by saturated ammonia sulfate precipitation and protein G affinity column. The immunological characteristics of mAb such as titer, antibody subtypes, affinity constant and the sensitivity to pyrethroid insecticides were characterized by indirect ELISA; The results of UV spectroscopy and SDS-PAGE showed that PBA-BSA artificial antigen was synthesized successfully. A hybridoma cell line (4H11) secreting anti-pyrethroid mAb was established. The titre of ascites was up to 1:6. 5×106, and the mAb was IgG1 subtype. The affinity constant of the mAb to PBA was about 2. 5×107 L/mol, with a IC50 value of 208. 83 μg/L and a detection limit of 21. 23 μg/L to PBA. Simultaneously, beta-cypermethrin, flucythrinate, cypermethrin and fenvalerate were sensitively recognized by the mAb with the IC50 of 1. 01, 2. 15, 3. 16 and 3. 67μg/L, respectively.

BACKGROUND:The condyle is one of important areas of lower mandible growth, and has growth remodeling capacity lifetime. The in vivo functional research fails to obtain satisfactory outcome due to the complexity of physiological environment, nondirectiveness of stimulating factor transduction, and difficulty to control experimental conditions. Further studies wil explore the effect of stress on condyle chondrocytes in vitro.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of cyclic stress on the proliferation of rabbit condyle chondrocytes cultured in vitro.
METHODS:Rabbit condyle chondrocytes were separated and cultured in vitro. Passage 3 chondrocytes were subject to cyclic tensile stress (10%surface elongation, 6 cycles/min) for 1, 6, 12, 24 hours. While those cells without stress served as the control group. The cellcycle changes were detected with flow cytometry analysis, and the cellproliferation were analyzed by MTT assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The flow cytometry analysis showed that S-phase promoting factor exhibited significant differences at 6 and 12 hours compared with control group, and got the maximum value at 24 hours (P<0.01). MTT assay results showed that the cells proliferation at 6 and 12 hours exhibited significant differences compared with the control group, and got the maximum value at 24 hours (P<0.01). The cyclic stress can obviously promote the proliferation of condyle chondrocytes, and the stimulative effect can be sustained 24 hours.

Objective To analysis the clinical effects of biliary-pancreatic double stents in pancreatic cancer patients with obstructive jaundice.Methods From July 2008 to October 2011,a total of 60 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer were randomly divided into two groups to receive biliary-pancreatic double stents (n =28) or biliary stent only (n =32) according to the odd and even numbers of their admission date.Changes in liver function,abdominal pain,quality of life scores (QOL) were compared between two groups.Results The stents were placed successfully in 54 patients (90.0％),in which symptoms were relieved or gradually disappeared in all patients after the procedure.One week after stents placement,the serum total bilirubin decreased significantly from 164.32 ±45.16 μmol/L before ERCP to 63.25 ±27.06 μmol/L (P ＜ 0.05),other parameters including ALT,AST,AKP and r-GT were also decreased significantly compared with those of pre-ERCP (P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).25 cases in double-stents group and 29 cases in single-stent group had varying degrees of pain relief at 7d after ERCP,but the overall pain relief rate and complete pain relief rate in double-stent group were significantly higher than those in single-stent group (92.0％ vs.55.2％; 64.0％ vs.34.5％,P＜0.05).At 7d and 14d after ERCP,Karnofsky QOL score were improved significantly in double-stent group (P ＜ 0.05).It was significantly better than single-stent group at 14d after ERCP (P ＜0.05).No death or other severe ERCP-related complications were observed.Conclusion Biliary-pancreatic stent placement for pancreatic cancer could significantly improve liver function and relieve obstructive pain.In the ways of alleviating pain and improving quality of life scores,it was better than ERCP biliary stent placement,especially for patients with pancreatic cancer combined obstructive pain.It indicated that biliary-pancreatic stent placement was better than simple biliary stent placement for advanced pancreatic head cancer patients with obstructive pain.