Altitude ; Animals ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; metabolism ; physiology ; Male ; Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

AIM: To observe the tear film changes after phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation in age - related cataract patients and to compare the therapeutic effect of hydroxyl-glucoside and sodium hyaluronate on the postoperative dry eye.
METHODS:A total of 49 patients ( 70 eyes ) with age-related cataract suffering from dry eye after phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation were divided into treatment group 1 ( group A, 23 eyes with conventional therapy and hydroxyl - glucoside at 7d postoperatively) , treatment group 2 ( group B, 22 eyes with conventional therapy and sodium hyaluronate at 7d postoperatively) and control group ( group C, 25 eyes with conventional therapy only ) . Questionnaire score of dry eye symptoms, SchirmerⅠtest ( SⅠt) , tearfilm break up time ( BUT ) and corneal fluoresce in staining ( CFS ) were measured at 2d preoperatively and 7, 14, 30, 90d postoperatively.
RESULTS: No statistical differences existed among the three groups of preoperative 2d ( P > 0. 05 ). At 2d preoperatively and 90d postoperatively, the results of questionnaire score of dry eye symptoms, SⅠt, BUT, and CFS displayed no statistical differences in the patients of three groups (P>0. 05). While there was statistical significance among preoperatively and 7, 14, 30d postoperatively of the three groups (P<0. 05). At 14, 30d postoperatively, the questionnaire score of dry eye symptoms, SⅠt, BUT, CFS in group A and B were better than in group C, which displayed statistical differences ( P<0. 05). At 30d postoperatively the questionnaire score of dry eye symptoms , SⅠt, BUT in group B were better than in group A, which displayed statistical differences ( P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: At the early stage after phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation, the tear film stability is decreased, which may promote eyesymptoms. Management with hydroxyl-glucoside or sodium hyaluronate plays a role in relief of the structure and stability of the tear film and improves dry eye symptoms, while sodium hyaluronate eye drops is more effective.

AIM: To analyze the effect of pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) on nitrogen monoxide (NO) and expression of cysteine-containing, aspartate-specific proteases-3 (caspase-3) in retinal tissues of model rats with optic nerve crush injury.METHODS: A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group, model group and PEDF group, with 20 rats in each group.Except the blank control group, the optic nerve crush injury rat models were established in the other groups, and left eyeballs were taken as samples.After successfully modeling, the model group were treated with intravitreal injection of 5μL of balanced salt solution while PEDF group were treated with intravitreal injection of 5μL of PEDF (0.2μg/μL).Two weeks later, the retinal tissues were collected, and changes of shape were observed under microscope after HE staining.The changes of NO level were measured by colorimetry assay, the expression of caspase-3 mRNA and caspase-3 protein was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western-blot.RESULTS: HE staining showed that retinal tissues of the blank control group arranged neatly and clearly.Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) arranged in a monolayer, and cells were oval, uniform in size and distribution, the cell nuclei were clear, closely arranged, with clear boundaries.The retinal tissues of the model group were sparse in shape, RGCs showed vacuolar changes, the overall number of cells was reduced, and cell nuclei of residual RGCs showed pyknosis and uneven staining.RGCs in PEDF group were with slightly edema and arranged closely, and the degree of injury was significantly milder than that in the model group.Levels of Caspase-3 mRNA and protein and NO levels in the three groups showed the model group > PEDF group > blank control group (all P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The application of PEDF can down regulate the expression of Caspase-3 and NO in rates with optic nerve injury and reduce RGCs injury.

Objective To study MRI findings of pancreatic ducts of piglets with chronic pancreatitis (CP) induced by pancreatic duct ligation and analyze the relationship between pancreatic duct changes in piglets with CP and the pathological severity of CP. Methods Thirty healthy piglets were included in this study. Five piglets were randomly selected as normal control group, and the remaining 25 piglets were served as the experimental group. The duct ligation operations were performed on experimental group. After 2 to 18 weeks, pancreas and pancreatic ducts were observed on MRI. Then the pancreas was removed and graded into three types by histopathology. The relationship between the diameter of pancreatic duct or the pancreatic branch displaying rate and the severity of CP was analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient. Results CP was found in 21 piglets( 84. 0% ) in the experimental group including mild ( n = 7 ), moderate ( n = 8 ) and severe( n = 6) pancreatitis. Pancreatic ducts were shown in mild CP and the edge of pancreatic ducts was irregular in three cases. The dilated RPD, LPD and MPD constituted the "person" form in moderate and severe CP. The diameter of pancreatic ducts was(0. 9 ±0. 3)mm, (2. 9 ± 1.4)mm and (4. 8 ± 1.2)mm in mild, moderate, and severe CP respectively. The expansion extent of pancreatic ducts was correlated with the severity of CP of piglets (r = 0. 837, P ＜ 0. 05). The pancreatic branch displaying rate increased with the increase of the severity of CP ( r = 0. 990, P ＜ 0. 05 ); the displaying rate was 0/7 for mild, 3/8 for moderate, and 5/6 for severe CP. Conclusions The dilated pancreatic ducts with "person" form in piglets with obstructive CP created by pancreatic duct ligation. The pancreatic duct changes on MRI reflect the severity of CP of piglets.

Objective To observe the MRI findings of normal pancreas in piglets. Methods Eight healthy piglets underwent MR examination, and the morphology, size, signal intensity of pancreas were observed. After MR imaging, all piglets were abdominally incised to observe the anatomy of pancreas and pancreatic adjacent structures. The opening of both common bile duct and pancreatic duct were detected during operation. Two piglets were sacrificed after operation and the whole pancreases were dissected for anatomic research. Results The pancreas of piglets was composed of three parts: right lobe, median lobe and left lobe. All the lobes were displayed clearly on MRI. The signal intensity of pancreas was higher than that of liver and spleen on T1WI, whereas lower than that of liver and spleen on T2WI. On MRCP, pancreatic duct was not presented, whereas the common bile duct could be seen clearly. The opening of common bile duct located at superior part of duodenum (nearby the pylorus) and the opening of pancreatic duct situated at duodenal papilla corresponding to pancreatic right lobe. Conclusion MRI can show the pancreas of piglets very well. The morphology of pancreas and features of common bile duct conjunction with pancreatic duct in piglet are different from those in human.

Objective:To investigate the influence of sCD80-Linker-sCD40L fusion protein on the unspecific anti- tumor immunity in vitro.Methods:Ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were separately transfected with recombinant adenoviral vectors containing sCD80-Linker-sCD40L fusion gene,sCD80 gene,sCD40L gene or with control adenovirus.The expres- sion of the sCD80-Linker-sCD40L fusion protein,sCD80 protein and sCD40L protein in the supernatants of SKOV3 cells was determined by ELISA.Dendritic cells(DCs)were cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a patient with ovarian carcinoma.DCs and autologous T cells were co-cuhured and were exposed to different supernatants for 48 h. The allostimulatory effects of DCs on T cells were determined by mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR).The unspecific kill- ing activities of induced T cells against SKOV3/K562 cells were measured by LDH-releasing assay.Results:ELISA assay showed that levels of the sCD80-Linker-sCD40L fusion protein,sCD80 protein and sCD40L protein in the supernatants of transfeced SKOV3 cells were 2.791 ng/ml,1.956 ng/ml and 1.407 ng/ml,respectively.The fusion protein-exposed DCs ([0.382?0.053]vs[0.167?0.028],P

Objective To study the effects of salt sensitivity on evolution of blood pressure and develope- ment to hypertension from adolescents to youth.Methods A baseline survey was carried out in 4623 adolescents aged 6-15 years old in Hanzhong rural area in 1987,310 of them were recruited for determination of salt sensitiv- ity using the tests of oral saline load and furosemide sodium-volume depletion.Salt sensitivity (SS) were diag- nosed in 101 while 209 subjects as no-sah sensitivity (NSS).This cohort of adolescents were followed up for av- erage 18 years.Results The response rate for this cohort of adolescents was 71.9%.At the end of follow up period,BP in subjects with baseline SS was higher in youth than that in NSS (SBP:122.9?13.1 vs 117.3?12.4, P

The present study is to elucidate the mechanisms underlying Gleevec-induced apoptosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) K562 cells in vitro. The apoptotic cell death and cell cycle distribution after Gleevec treatment and the effect of PDCD4 siRNA on Gleevec-induced apoptosis of K562 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The effect of Gleevec on p-Crkl, caspase-3, PARP and PDCD4 protein levels, and the knockdown efficacy of PDCD4 siRNA were detected by Western blotting. The results showed that Gleevec dramatically suppressed the phosphorylation level of Crkl in a dose-dependent manner and induced significant apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest of K562 cells in time- and dose-dependent manners. In addition, Gleevec activated caspase-3 and its downstream substrates PARP, and the caspase pan inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (50 micromol x L(-1)) markedly reduced Gleevec-induced apoptosis from 47.97% +/- 10.56% to 31.05% +/- 9.206% (P < 0.05). Moreover, Gleevec significantly increased the protein expression of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4). PDCD4 knockdown by siRNA reduced Gleevec-induced apoptosis from 46.97% +/- 14.32% to 42.8% +/- 11.43%. In summary, Gleevec induced apoptosis in K562 cells via caspase-3 activation.
Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Benzamides ; pharmacology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; K562 Cells ; Phosphorylation ; Piperazines ; pharmacology ; Pyrimidines ; pharmacology

Objective To investigate the relationship between soluble CD14-st (Presepsin)and assessment,prognosis in patients with acute paraquat poisoning (APP).Methods A total of 82 patients with APP treated in Emergency Department of Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University from January 2013 to January 2016 were divied into three groups:mild poisoning group (n =20),moderate poisoning group (n =36)and severe poisoning group (n =26).According to the outcomes,patients were divided into survivor group (n =28)and non-survivor group (n =54).Another 50 healthy subjects were selected as control group.In control group,samples of 3 mL venous blood from 50 healthy subjects were collected for laboratory examination.Samoles of 10 mL venous blood from all patients were collected before and 72 hours,7 days after treatment to detect presepsin,C reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6)and interleukin-10 (IL-10).Before and 72 hours, 7 days after treatment,the change of Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE)Ⅱscore and the outcomes in 28 days were observed.The variance analysis of repeated measures was used for comparison among multiple groups,and the t test was used to compare changes of detected biomarkers between two groups,and the outcomes in 28 days between two groups were compared with chi square test. Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between Presepsin in patients with APP and the survival rate.Results APACHE Ⅱ scores and the serum level of prespsin,CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 at admission and 72 hours,7 days after treatment in three poisoning groups were significantly increased compared with control group,IL-10 were decreased compared with control group (P <0.05 ),and there were significant differences in those biomarkers between moderate group and mild group,and between severe group and mild group,moderate group (P <0.05).At admission,72 h,7 d after admission,APACHEⅡscore and the serum levels of presepsin,CRP,TNF-α,IL-6 in non-survivor group were higher than those in survivor group,and IL-10 in non-survivor was lower than that in survivor group (P <0.05).The mortality rates of these 3 groups were 25.00%,69.44% and 92.31%,demonstrating significant differences among three groups (P <0.05).The AUCs were 0.862 and 0.731 for presepsin and APACHEⅡscore respectively at admission.The predictive capability of presepsin for 28-day mortality was superior over that of APACHEⅡscore (P <0.05).The level of serum presepsin in patients with APP was negatively correlated with the survival rate (r =-0.285,P =0.009).Conclusions The detection of prespsin has important clinical value in the severity assessment and prognosis in patients with APP.It is an important guidance for early therapeutic strategy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clonal origin of the apoptotic hematopoietic cells in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

METHODSNineteen patients with MDS whose karyotypes had been analysed with G- or R-binding were studied. ISEL (DNA in situ end labelling) and FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) (simplified as ISEL/FISH) were performed simultaneously in a single nucleated cells on cytospin slides in 10/19 of the patients. The ratio of FISH positive cells to all nucleated cells and to apoptotic cells were counted. Eight slides from 4 normal donors induced apoptosis by Fas monoclonal antibody (McAb) were used as methodology control. For the rest 9 patients, different fractions of cells (PI-, Annexin V+PI-, Annexin V-PI-) were sorted by flow cytometry and then cytospined for FISH analysis (simplified as FCM/FISH).

RESULTSThe mean percentage of abnormal clonal cells in nuclear cells in the 10 cases detected by ISEL/FISH was 37.1%, whereas it was 24.0% in apoptotic cells. Induction by Fas McAb didn't lead to change of karyotype. Moreover, 8/9 patients analysed by FCM/FISH showed higher cell proportion with normal karyotypes in apoptosis-undergoing cells than that in non-apoptotic cells.

CONCLUSIONOver apoptotic hematopoietic cells in MDS are mainly residual normal hematopoietic cells.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Clone Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; fas Receptor ; metabolism