Purpose To investigate the value of strain ratio (SR) measure and improved 5-scoring system of ultrasonic elastography in the differentiation of benign and malignant breast tumors.Materials and Methods The data of 213 patients with breast cancer confirmed by pathology or surgery were retrospectively studied.All the patients underwent ultrasonic elasticity imaging examination and were evaluated by strain ratio (SR) method and improved 5-scoring system.Taking pathology as gold standard,we measured the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the two methods and evaluated the diagnostic efficiency.Results The area under curve (AUC) and 95％ CI of SR measure was 0.926,0.871-0.980 and that of improved 5-scoring system was 0.921,0.870-0.973.The best diagnostic limit of SR was 3.055,when SR ＞ 3.055,the lesions was malignant,when SR＜3.055,the lesions was benign.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of SR and improved 5-scoring system in diagnosing malignant breast lesions were 92.1％,92.7％,92.5％ and 85.5％,83.9％,84.5％,respectively.The specificity and accuracy of SR was higher than the improved 5-scoring method,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference in sensitivity (P＞0.05).Conclusion SR is more objective in diagnosing malignant breast tumors,which has higher diagnostic value than improved 5-scoring system.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topotecan(TPT) in the treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Methods 84 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma received TPT(1.25mg/m~2) as a 30-minute infusion daily for 1-5 days,21 days for a cycle.The efficacy was evaluated after 2 cycles of chemotherapy.Response was confirmed 4 weeks later.Results In 84 selected patients,72 were assessable for response and 84 for toxicity.The overall response was 22.2%,including 2 CR and 14 PR.The response rate for untreated and recurrent advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma was 25.0% and 20.8%,respectively.The main side effects were neutropenia and leukopenia.WHO grade III-IV of them were 26.1% and 26.1%,respectively.The non-hemotological toxicity was mild.Conclusion TPT is effective and well-tolerated in the treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma,especially in recurrent patients.

AIM: To analyze the pathogens and drug sensitivity of chronic dacryocystitis in order to provide evidence for clinical drug use.
METHODS:Lacrimal secretion of 171 cases with chronic dacryocystitis was sampled for pathogenic bacteria culture identification and drug sensitivity test. Based on the results, the isolation rate of pathogens strains, the pathogens kind of chronic dacryoeystitis, main pathogens of chronic dacryocystitis, and sensitive drug for pathogens were analyzed.
RESULTS: The isolation rate of pathogens strains was 76. 61% ( 131 cases ). The pathogens constituting the chronic dacryocystitis were predominantly gram-positive coccus,the percentage was 72. 52% (95 cases), among which staphylococcus hominis occupied 27. 48% ( 36 cases), staphylococcus epidermidis 16. 79% (22 cases), streptococcus viridans 12. 98% (17 cases). The majority of these bacteria were sensitive to cefoperazone-sulbactam, tobramycin, gentamicin and levofloxacin. For gram -positive coccus, cefoperazone - sulbactam, gentamicin and tobramycin were the most sensitive drug. For gram-negative bacilli, cefoperazone - sulbactam, tobramycin and levofloxacin were most sensitive drug.
CONCLUSION: Staphylococcus hominis is the main pathogen of chronic dacryocystitis, tobramycin can be used as the first choice for local treatment of chronic dacryocystitis.

Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Parotid Neoplasms ; pathology ; Sclerosis ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of MRI features and phenotypes and genetic mutations in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.Methods Sixteen boys with clinical diagnosis of PelizaeusMerzbacher disease (PMD) were included in this study.Their ages ranged from 22 months to 9 years.They were examined by pediatric neurologists,and clinical classification was made according to the symptoms and physical signs.An experienced radiologist reviewed the cranial MRI images and analyzed the brain involvement,including pallidus globus,pyramidal tract,corpus callosum,cerebellar white matter,semiovale centrum,brain atrophy and ‘ tigroid sign’.ResultsThere were 8 patients with classic form,7 patients with transitional form and one patient with connatal form.They all showed diffuse delayed myelination in the white matter,with involvement of pallidus globus in 13 cases,pyramidal tract in 7 cases,corpus callosum in 11 cases,cerebellar white matter in 7 cases,semiovale centrum in 12 cases.Cerebral atrophy was found in 5 patients and eerebellar atrophy was found in one patient.Five cases depicted ' tigroid sign'.In patients with PLP1 gene point mutation,pyramidal tract and cerebellar white matter involvement showed a high incidence.Cerebellar white matter lesions were relatively frequent in children with transitional form and connatal form.In contrast,‘ tigroid sign' was often related to classic form,which indicated a better myelination and outcome.ConclusionPMD patients show distinct imaging features in their brains,which may be correlated with the phenotype and genetic mutation.

Adolescent ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Endocrine System Diseases ; etiology ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Infant ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of thyroglobulin antibody (ATG) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (ATPO) in patients with vitiligo. Methods Venous blood samples were obtained from 87 patients with vitiligo and 90 age- and sex-matched normal human controls. Chemiluminescence was applied to measure the serum levels of ATG, ATPO, free triiodothyronine, free tetraiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Results There was a significant increase in the positivity rates of ATG (23.0% vs 6.7%, P < 0.01) and ATPO (24.1% vs 7.8%, P < 0.01) as well as the serum level of TSH (3.4 ± 2.4 vs 2.4 ± 1.2 pmol/L, P < 0.05) in the patients with vitiligo compared with the normal human controls. It is worth mentioning that all patients positive for ATG or ATPO were diagnosed with vitiligo vulgaris. The positivity rates of ATG and ATPO in patients with vitiligo aged from 11 to 20 years and 21 to 40 years were significantly higher than those in age-matched normal controls (all P < 0.05). Also, female patients had a higher positivity rate of ATG and ATPO than female controls did (34.1% vs 8.5%, χ2 = 8.90, P < 0.01; 34.1% vs 10.6%,χ2 = 7.29, P < 0.05). The highest positivity rates of both ATG and ATPO were 53.3%, which were observed in vitiligo patients aged from 11 to 20 years, followed by patients from 21 to 40 years (ATG 34.5%, ATPO 34.5%). In patients with vitiligo positive for both ATG and ATPO, the occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disease was 70% (14/20), significantly higher than that in ATG- and ATPO- positive healthy controls (16.7%, χ2 = 5.4, P < 0.05). Conclusions ATG and ATPO were observed in young female patients with vitiligo vulgaris, and they may be associated with the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Objective To observe the effects of PM2.5 exposure on A549 cells,and explore the mechanism of toxicity. Method The concentra?tions of PM2.5 exposure were determined utilizing cell viability assay. The morphological characteristics of exposed cell were observed with trans?mission electron microscope. Using big date from RNA?Seq and qRT?PCR,the mechanism was explored. Results The final concentration of PM2.5 exposure was 50μg/cm2;morphological detection showed that chromatin condensation after exposure which was also found on the boundary of nuclear membrane. KEGG pathway analysis and interaction network were finished ,and 8 kinds of apoptosis?related genes were found to be in?volved in the process of damage. Conclusion PM2.5 induces apoptosis in A549 cells by stimulating the changes of apoptosis?related genes ex?pressions.

Objective To investigate the expression levels of Interleukin(IL)?6 and matrix metalloproteinases(MMP)?13 in synovial fluid by in?vigorating kidney and activating blood formulae in treating rabbit knee osteoarthritis model. Methods A total of 30 New Zealand rabbit were ran?domly divided into blank group,model group,invigorating kidney group,activating blood group and invigorating kidney and activating blood group. Rabbits model with knee osteoarthritis were established by improved Hulth method. To give corresponding respectively the medicinal broth,model group was given saline,knee joint synovial fluid was collected after 4,8 and 12 weeks. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to measure the levels of IL?6 and MMP?13. Results The levels of IL?6 in rabbit knee osteoarthritis were obviously higher than that of normal control group at both 4 weeks and 8 weeks(P<0.001). But there was no statistical difference on the levels of IL?6 compared with controls in 12 weeks. In addition,the level of MMP?13 at 4 weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks were significantly higher than the blank control group(P<0.001). After 8 weeks of Chinese medicine administration,the levels of IL?6 in synovial fluid were significantly decreased in invigorating kidney group,activating blood group and invigorating kidney and activating blood group(P<0.001),but there was no statistical difference among groups in 12 weeks. The MMP?13 levels of synovial fluid was significantly lower than the model group(P<0.001). Conclusion Our results indicate that IL?6 and MMP?13 par?ticipate in the pathological development of the rabbit knee osteoarthritis. Invigorating kidney and activating blood formulae could reduce the expres?sion of IL?6 and MMP?13 and alleviate osteoarthritis progression,and which is superior to the pure invigorating kidney formulae and activating blood formulae.

A rapid and sensitive method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of four selenium species Se(Ⅵ), Se(Ⅵ), selenomethionine, and Se-methylselenocysteine in Se-enriched yeast by liquid chromatography-hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS). The isolation of the analytes from yeast samples was accomplished by proteaseⅩⅣ and trypsin enzymatic digestion. The target compounds were separated on a PRP-X100 anion exchange column and analyzed by HG-AFS. The mobile phase was 20 mmol/L (NH4)2HPO4. Good linearity was obtained for all the selenium species, with linear correlation coefficients higher than 0. 9996. The LODs of the four species were between 0. 5 and 5. 0 μg/kg. Average recoveries for the four analytes were in the ranges of 82 . 5%-101 . 2%, with intra-and inter-day RSD lower than 8. 6% and 14. 5, respectively. The proposed analytical method is simple, sensitive, with low operation cost, making it applicable for the determination of the selenium species in Se-enriched feeds.