BACKGROUND:The strength of al-ceramic crowns is affected by many factors. At present there are many studies concerning the neck edge shape, cutting thickness, binder and convergence angle, but little has been reported on the effects of different occlusions on al-ceramic crowns. OBJECTIVE:To explore the maxilary central incisor al-ceramic crowns in different occlusal states by finite element analysis. METHODS: Three-dimensional finite element models of the maxilary central incisor al-ceramic crowns were established. Empress II and In-Ceram Zirconia were selected. The normal overbite position and deep overbite position were applied to force a load of 230 N, with the long axis of the tooth at a 45° angle. Distribution of inner stress and edge stress was analyzed at different occlusal states. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The stress distribution of al-ceramic crowns under different occlusion relationship was different. The stress peaks of cementum, alveolar bone and periodontium in the deep overbite were lower than those in the normal overbite. The stress peaks of al-ceramic crowns and binder were higher than in the deep overbite than the normal overbite. The stress peak of the dentin in the Empress II group was higher in the deep overbite than in the normal overbite. The stress peak of the dentin in the In-Ceram Zirconia group was lower in the deep overbite than in the normal overbite. Different al-ceramic crowns had no influence on the stress distribution, but in the deep overbite, the stress was mainly concentrated in the occlusal contact area, and in the normal overbite, the stress was mainly concentrated in the occlusal contact area and at the labial cervical margin. (2) The stress distribution of different al-ceramic crowns under the same occlusal state was different. In the normal overbite, different al-ceramic crowns had no evident influence on the stress peak, and in the deep overbite, there was a certain effect of different al-ceramic crowns on the stress peak, but there was no significant difference. The stress peaks of blinder and dentin were obviously affected by al-ceramic crowns. The stress peaks of blinder and dentin in Empress II group were higher than those in the In-Ceram Zirconia group.

? AlM: To analyze the reason of corneal epithelial implantation and ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK ) , and summarize the treatment experiences.
?METHODS: The clinical data of postoperative corneal epithelial ingrowth on 18 cases (30 eyes) from 1 256 cases (2 256 eyes) after LASlK were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2012. After the treatment of all eyes, patients’ general visual quality scores before and after treatment were analyzed.
?RESULTS:There were 18 cases ( 30 eyes ) with corneal epithelial implantation and ingrowth after LASlK, and the incidence rate was 1. 3%. ln the 18 cases (30 eyes), there were 12 eyes corneal flap epithelial ingrowth caused by postoperative trauma, 12 eyes caused by multiple corneal flap flush, 2 eyes caused by intraoperative irregular corneal flap, and nothing special for 4 eyes. The classification of corneal epithelial ingrowth of 30 eyes:grade I, 11 cases (18 eyes);gradeII, 4 cases (8 eyes);grade Ⅲ, 3 cases ( 4 eyes ) . Grade I-II were treated with TobraDex eye drops and intraocular pressure lowering drug. Grade Ⅲ firstly were treated by drugs, otherwise by surgery if it didn’t improve. After treatment, 8 cases (13 eyes) epithelial ingrowth disappeared from 11 cases ( 18 eyes ) , 3 cases ( 5 eyes ) implanted epithelial tumor shrank in grade l;epithelial implantation of 2 cases (4 eyes) in grade II disappeared, implantation degree of 2 cases (4 eyes) reduced to grade I;2 cases (2 eyes) in grade Ⅲ had 0. 5 ~ 1mm wide flap edge shallow gray ribbon 1 mm inside the limbus, visual acuity was 0. 8 ~1. 2, 1 case ( 2 eyes ) treated with curettage corneal epithelial implantation and endophytic epithelium hadn’t relapsed in the follow-up. After the treatment, 18 cases of corneal epithelial ingrowth got lower visual quality scores than those before therapy (Hc=10. 511, P<0. 01).
?CONCLUSlON: Operation standardized, postoperative early detection and aggressive treatment are important for prevention and treatment of complications after LASlK.

Objective To evaluate the size,aspect ratio and configuration in ruptured aneurysms. Methods Three-dimensional CT angiogram of 61 confirmed ruptured saccular aneurysms were analyzed.The maximum diameter and aspect ratio were measured,and the configuration of the aneurysms were observed. Results The average maximum diameter was 8.54 mm,and 78.8% of the aneurysms were less than 10 mm in maximum diameter.The average aspect ratio was 2.15,and more than 65% of the aneurysms had an aspect ratio over 1.6.45.9% of the aneurysms harbored a bleb or were multi-lobular in shape. Conclusion Aneurysms less than 10 mm in maximum diameter are also easy to rupture.More than 60% of the ruptured aneurysms had an aspect ratio over 1.6.Bleb and multi-lobular change are common in ruptured aneurysms.

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on injured hepatocytes mediated by paracrine mechanisms and to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of this action.

METHODSA contact-independent model of aberrant hepatic microenvironment was established by co-culturing BM-MSCs with D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-injured human L02 hepatic cells using a transwell assay platform. Secreted levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the co-culture supernatant. Expression of the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) was assessed by Western blot. The effect of exogenous IGF-1 on proliferation of D-GalN-injured L02 cells was examined by MTT assay.

RESULTSUpon co-culture, BM-MSCs promoted proliferation of D-GalN-injured L02 cells in a contact-independent manner (absorbance values of at 24 h: 0.36+/-0.08, 48 h: 0.52+/-0.06, and 96 h: 0.68+/-0.06; vs. uninjured cells t = 2.493, 3.116, and 2.285, respectively; all P less than 0.05). Robust expression of IGF-1 was identified in the supernatants of co-cultures and was demonstrated to have been secreted mainly from BM-MSCs under the influence of D-GalN-injured L02 cells. Constitutive expression of IGF-1R was found in the D-GalN-injured L02 cells and blocking of IGF-1R by a neutralizing antibody significantly inhibited the paracrine pro-proliferative effect of co-cultured BM-MSCs at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h (t = 2.909, 2.328, and 2.560, respectively; all P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBM-MSC-derived IGF-1 plays an important role in the paracrine pro-proliferative effect on D-GalN-injured L02 hepatocytes by engaging with the constitutively expressed IGF-1R on L02 cells.

Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism

Objective To conduct research of β-Thalassemia incidence and genotypes on children below 7 years of age in Nanning, Liuzhou and Baise areas, Guangxi province. Methods A total of 2261 children aged below 7 in Nanning, Liuzhou and Baise areas were studied. Venous blood was detected by routine blood test, hemoglobin analysis and β-Thalassemia genotyping. Results Among 2261 samples, 125 showed high level of HbA2 and were diagnosed as β-Thalassemia (5.53%). Genotypes of the patients were classified as: 59 cases with β-globin gene eondon (CD) 41-42 mutation, 33 cases CD17 mutation, 18 cases with TA TA box nt-28 mutation, 7 with IVS-Ⅱ-654 mutation, 3 with CD43 mutation, 3 with HbE mutation, one with CD71-72 and TATA box nt-29 mutation, respectively. The genotyping frequencies of β-Thalassemia were as follows: 47.20% for CD41-42 mutation, 26.40% for CD17 mutation, 14.40% for TATAbox nt-28 mutation, 5.60% for IVS-Ⅱ -654 mutation, 2.40% for CD43 mutation, 2.40% for HbE mutation, 0.80% for CD71-72 mutation and TATAbox nt-29 mutation respectively. Conclusion This study on children in the area with high incidence of β-Thalassemia reflected the incidence and characteristics of genotypes in this area. Our data also provided evidence for the development of a program on genetic counseling and prevention for thalassemia.

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the pathogenic bacterial's distribution and the drug resistance in the upper urinary tract stones, and to provide the information for choosing suitable antibiotics.

METHODSStone samples were taken for culture and for drug sensitivity test in 146 patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy between April 2007 and October 2008, and the results were analyzed.

RESULTSPathogens presented in 72 (49.3%) patients. There were 70 (86.4%) Gram-negative bacteria strains. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae were the predominant bacteria, accounted for 30.9%(25 strains), 23.5% (19 strains) and 12.3% (10 strains), respectively. There were 10 (12.3%) Gram-positive bacteria strains, the predominant bacteria was Staphylococcus epidermidis (6 strains), accounting for 7.4%. And there was 1 fungi strain (1.2%). Resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam (88.7%), ceftriaxone (81.3%) and ciprofloxacin (67.5%) was most commonly found in pathogen, and the rate of resistance to amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam were 8.6%, 10.0%, 10.0%, respectively. Erythromycylamine, teicoplanin, SMZ-TMP, nitrofurantoin were sensitive to Gram-positive bacteria.

CONCLUSIONSBacterial's distribution of upper urinary tract stones are multiple, and the majority pathogen is Gram-negative bacteria. A big variant resistance is found among different bacterium. The suitable antibiotics should be chosen according to the different bacterium in the patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; microbiology ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Ureteral Calculi ; microbiology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possible association between L-selectin gene P213S polymorphism and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese population.

METHODSIn total 212 CHD patients diagnosed by angiography and 230 healthy controls were studied. The genotype and allele frequencies of L-selectin gene polymorphism were assayed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

RESULTSThe frequency of the L-selectin gene 213P allele in CHD patients was significantly higher than that in the control group (77.59% vs 69.35%, P=0.006). Compared with the SS genotype, PP homozygote had a significantly increased CHD risk (OR=2.70 and OR=2.15 using unadjusted and adjusted Logistic regression models, respectively). No association was found between the severity of CHD and the Lselectin gene P213S polymorphism

CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that L-selectin gene 213P mutant allele might contribute to susceptibility of Chinese individuals to contract CHD.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Disease ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; L-Selectin ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics

AIMTo determine whether adenoviral gene transfer of insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to the penis of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats could improve erectile capacity.

METHODSTHE STZ diabetic rats were transfected with AdCMV-betagal or AdCMV-IGF-1. These rats underwent cavernous nerve stimulation to assess erectile function and their responses were compared with those of age-matched control rats 1 to 2 days after transfection. In control and transfected STZ diabetic rats, IGF-1 expression were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot and histology. The penis beta-galactosidase activity and localization of the STZ diabetic rats were also determined.

RESULTSOne to two days after transfection, the beta-galactosidase was found in the smooth muscle cells of the diabetic rat penis transfected with AdCMV-betagal. One to 2 days after administration of AdCMV-IGF-1, the cavernosal pressure, as determined by the ratio of maximal intracavernous pressure-to-mean arterial pressure (ICP/MAP) and total intracavernous pressure (ICP), was increased in response to cavernous nerve stimulation. Transgene expression was confirmed by RT-PCR, Western blot and histology.

CONCLUSIONGene transfer of IGF-1 significantly increased erectile function in the STZ diabetic rats. These results suggest that in vivo gene transfer of IGF-1 might be a new therapeutic intervention for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in the STZ diabetic rats.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Body Weight ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; physiopathology ; Erectile Dysfunction ; prevention & control ; Genetic Therapy ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; genetics ; Male ; Penile Erection ; physiology ; Penis ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reference Values ; beta-Galactosidase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution of CD14 promoter gene -159(C>T) polymorphism in Hubei Han population of China and analyze the association of CD14 polymorphisms with coronary heart disease (CHD).

METHODSGenotypes of CD14 were typed in 162 CHD patients and 196 controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Selected coronary angiography was performed in 162 CHD patients.

RESULTSCD14 promoter -159 genotype frequencies of CC, CT and TT were 27.4%, 45.6%, 27.0% and 14.8%, 46.5%, 38.7% in normal control group and CHD group respectively. Genotype distribution was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There existed statistically significant difference in frequencies of allele and genotype in CD14 C-159T polymorphism between CHD group and control group (Genotype: Chi2=0.654, P < 0.05, CT vs CC, OR=1.245, 95%CI: 1.001-1.473, TT vs CC, OR=2.374, 95%CI 2.012-2.649; Allele: Chi2=0.547, P < 0.05, T vs C, Chi2=0.547, P < 0.05, OR=3.105, 95%CI: 2.493-3.539). The distributions of allele and genotype in CD14 -159(C>T) were of statistically significant difference between non-myocardial infarction subgroup and myocardial infarction subgroup (Genotype: Chi2=0.782, P < 0.05, CT vs CC, OR=2.375, 95%CI: 2.017-2.689, TT vs CC, OR=3.459, 95%CI: 3.003-3.846. Allele: Chi2=2.374, P < 0.05, T vs C, Chi2=2.374, P < 0.05, OR=4.011, 95%CI: 3.814-4.279). However, no statistically significant difference was found among the subgroups of oneìtwo and three stenosed vessels.

CONCLUSIONThe T allele of the C-159T polymorphism of CD14 gene may be a risk factor for myocardial infarction.

Adult ; Coronary Disease ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical effects and security of nanometer ceramics artificial bone transplantation to treat the bone defect.

METHODSFrom March 2005 to November 2007, 32 patients (artificial bone group) with extremity bone defects applied nanometer ceramics artificial bone transplantations, included 19 males and 13 females, aged from 17 to 63 years old (averaged 31.4 years). The other 36 patients (internal fixation group) with extremity bone defects were treated by the internal fixation in the same period, included 21 males and 15 females, aged from 16 to 65 years old (averaged 32.6 years). Ca, P, B-ALP, IgG, IgA, IgM, CIC, C3, SL-2R and CD4+/CD8+ in the peripheral venous blood were measured in the 1st and 2th week and 1st, 3rd, 6th month after operation. All patients were followed up and the limb function was evaluated according to Enneking standard.

RESULTSThe wounds of all patients smoothly healed after operation. Every immunological indicators had no significant difference between two groups. Serum calcium and phosphorus content did not significantly increased. Serum B-ALP of all patients were increased after operation, fell to normal levels in the internal fixation group, but remained at a relatively high level in the artificial bone group. All patients were followed-up for from 9 to 24 months (averaged 15 months). All patients get the excellent physical function.

CONCLUSIONThe artificial bone has no immunogenicity, no rejection,does not affect the blood calcium and phosphorus content, and has higher osteogenic activity. It is affirmed that nanometer ceramics artificial bone is used to treat the smaller bone defect on clinical.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; immunology ; Bone and Bones ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; Ceramics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nanoparticles ; Prostheses and Implants ; Young Adult