2.Distribution of interstitial cells of Cajal in normal guinea pig upper urinary tract and its effect on smooth muscle contraction
Xiao ZHONG ; Weibing LI ; Qiang FANG ; Bo SONG
Journal of Third Military Medical University 1988;0(06):-
Objective To investigate the distribution of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) —the pacemaker cells of the gut in the different parts of guinea pig pyeloureteral tract and explore the effect on the contraction of smooth muscle. Methods The ureteropelvic junction, upper ureteral, middle ureteral, lower ureteral tissues harvested from 10 guinea pigs were performed KIT immunofluorescent staining in stretched preparations. Smooth muscle strips of 2 mm?6 mm were dissected from the sites for tone determination. The frequency and amplitude of the smooth muscle were compared among different sites of pyeloureteral tract. Results Cells with positive staining by KIT and with similar morphology to ICCs were found in the entire pyeloureteral tract of guinea pigs. The density of ICCs-like cells in the ureteropelvic junction, upper ureteral, middle ureteral, and lower ureteral tissues were (5.20?0.98), (3.90?0.98), (3.03?0.98) and (2.50?0.81) respectively. The contraction of strips in different sites varied according to the distribution of ICCs. The amplitude and frequency of strips from the ureteropelvic junction and upper ureteral were significantly higher than those from middle ureteral and lower ureteral (P
3.Treatment of neck type cervical spondylopathy with Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture method: a randomized controlled trial
Zhong-Yang SONG ; Zhi-Ming ZHANG ; Xiao-Guang QIN ; Xiao-Li FANG ; Xiao-Qiang YAO
Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science 2019;17(5):350-355
Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture method versus ordinary acupuncture on superficial fascia for treating neck type cervical spondylopathy in Kyrgyz. Methods:A total of 64 Kyrgyz patients conforming to the diagnostic criteria of neck type cervical spondylopathy were included. The patients were randomized into a Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture group and a conventional acupuncture group, with 32 cases in each group. Patients in the Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture group were treated with Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture method to stimulate the superficial fascia, the stimulation sites were primarily located at bilateral sides of the cervical vertebra as well as the trigger points in shoulder-neck region; patients in the conventional acupuncture group were punctured at the same acupoints, with twirling reducing method, and the depth of insertion was determined by the treated region. Patients in both groups received treatment every day for a succession of 5 d as a course, with a 2-day interval between 2 courses, and the whole treatment lasted for 3 courses. After 3 courses of treatment, the McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ) and neck disability index (NDI) were measured to compare the clinical effect between the two groups. Results: After treatment, scores of MPQ and NDI scale dropped when compared with those before treatment, and the differences showed statistical significance (allP<0.05); scores of MPQ and NDI in the Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture group were substantially lower than those in the conventional acupuncture group, and the differences showed statistical significance (allP<0.05). The total effective rate was 96.9% in the Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture group and the cured rate was 78.1%, which were higher than 81.3% and 40.6% in the conventional acupuncture group, and the differences showed statistical significance (bothP<0.05). Conclusion: Zheng's Jin Gou Diao Yu (gold-hook-fishing) acupuncture method by stimulating superficial fascia to treat cervical spondylopathy in Kyrgyz can produce a better clinical effect than conventional acupuncture treatment, and is effective in improving pain and stiffness in patients, and thus is worth clinical popularization.
4.Analysis of photosynthetic characteristics and its influencing factors of medicinal plant Mirabilis himalaica.
Qi-Qiang GUO ; Hong QUAN ; Xiao-Zhong LAN ; Lian-Qiang LI ; Hui-E LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2014;39(14):2769-2773
To study photosynthetic characteristics and its influencing factors in leaves of medicinal plant Mirabilis himalaica, and provide an evidence for guiding artificial planting and improving the quantity. The light-response and diurnal photosynthesis course of leaves at the booting stages of 1-3 year old M. himalaica were measured with LI-6400 system. The Results showed that the light response curves were fitted well by non rectangle hyperbola equation (R2 > or = 0.98). The values of the maximum photosynthetic rate (Pmax) and light use efficiency of three-year old M. himalaica leaves were higher than those of 1-2 year old individuals. The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of 2-3 year old M. himalaica were typical double-peak curves determinately regulated by stomatal conductance. However, transpiration rate (Tr) of 1-3 year old plants leaves were single-peak curve, which was self-protection of harm reduction caused by the higher temperature at noontime. Correlation analysis showed that the changes between photosynthetic active radiation (PFD), air temperature (T ) and Pn, were significant positive related. Therefore, M. himalaica is a typical sun plant, which should be planted under the sufficient sunshine field and prolong the growing ages suitably in order to improve the yield.
Breeding
;
Mirabilis
;
growth & development
;
metabolism
;
Models, Biological
;
Photosynthesis
;
Temperature
;
Time Factors
5.Network analysis of ethanol precipitation process for Schisandrae chinensis fructus.
Yi ZHONG ; Jie-Qiang ZHU ; Xiao-Hui FAN ; Li-Yuan KANG ; Zheng LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2014;39(17):3287-3290
A set of central composite design experiments were designed by using four factors which were ethanol amount, ethanol concentration, refrigeration temperature and refrigeration time. The relation between these factors with the target variables of the retention rate of schizandrol A, the soluble solids content, the removal rate of fructose and the removal rate of glucose were analyzed with Bayesian networks, and ethanol amount and ethanol concentration were found as the critical process parameters. Then a network model was built with 2 inputs and 4 outputs using back propagation artificial neural networks which was optimized by genetic algorithms. The R2 and MSE from the training set were 0.983 8 and 0.001 1. The R2 and MSE from the test set were 0.975 9 and 0.001 8. The results showed that network analysis method could be used for modeling of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus ethanol precipitation process and identify critical operating parameters.
Bayes Theorem
;
Chemical Precipitation
;
Cold Temperature
;
Cyclooctanes
;
chemistry
;
Ethanol
;
chemistry
;
Fructose
;
analysis
;
Fruit
;
chemistry
;
Glucose
;
analysis
;
Lignans
;
chemistry
;
Neural Networks (Computer)
;
Polycyclic Compounds
;
chemistry
;
Reproducibility of Results
;
Schisandra
;
chemistry
;
Time Factors
6.Dynamic predictive modeling of extraction process for red ginseng using near-infrared spectroscopy.
Jie-Qiang ZHU ; Wan-Fang PAN ; Yi ZHONG ; Xiao-Hui FAN ; Li-Yuan KANG ; Zheng LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2014;39(14):2660-2664
It is the objective of this study to develop dynamic predictive model for the extraction process of red Ginseng using NIR spectroscopy. NIR spectroscopy was collected online and PLSR models were developed for total quantity of ginsenosides. The performance of NIR prediction model achieved R, RMSEC, RMSEP of 0.996 09, 0.018 9, 0.016 8, respectively. A first order dynamic mass transfer model was combined with NIR prediction of the quality indicator to predict the trajectory of the extraction process based upon the initial 3 or 4 data points. The results showed good agreement with actual measurements indicating reasonable accuracy of the predictive model. It could potentially be used for advanced predictive control of the extraction process.
Chemical Fractionation
;
methods
;
Ginsenosides
;
chemistry
;
isolation & purification
;
Models, Theoretical
;
Panax
;
chemistry
;
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared
7.Effects of tanshinone ⅡA on ventricular arrhythmias induced by acute myocardial ischemia
Qian ZHOU ; Qiang ZHONG ; Zhaohua WANG ; Cuntai ZHANG ; Xiaoqing QUAN ; Lei RUAN ; Rong BAI ; Jianming XIAO
Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine 2012;(12):1327-1330
Objective To investigate the effects of Tanshinone Ⅱ A (extracted from Chinese herb medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.) on ventricular arrhythmias of rabbit hearts induced by ischemia in order to illuminate its mechanism of anti-arrhythmia.Methods Thirty rabbits were randomly (random number)divided into normal group,ischemic group and Tanshinone Ⅱ A group.Model of wedge shaped mass of rabbit left ventricular myocardium with coronary perfusion was prepared,and then by using floating glassy microelectrode,the trans-mural ECG,QT interval,the trans-mural dispersion of re-polarization (TDR) and trans-membrane action potentials from both endocardium and epicardium were simultaneously and wholly recorded.The incidence of ventricular arrhythmia in myocardium was observed after ischemia for thirty min.Results Under the condition of acute ischemia,compared with normal group,the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia and TDR were significantly increased in ischemia group (P < 0.01),while incidence of ventricular arrhythmia and TDR were significantly reduced in tanshinone ⅡA group compared with ischemia group (P < 0.05).The incidences of ventricular arrhythmia in normal,ischemia and Tanshinone Ⅱ A groups were 0/10,9/10 and 2/10 respectively.Conclusions Tanshinone Ⅱ A prevents ventricular arrhythmia and reduces TDR significantly in ischemic rabbit hearts.
8.Renal protection of rosiglitazone in hypertensive rats and its relationship with the expression of angiotensin Ⅱ receptors
Chen-Sheng FU ; Yi-Hong ZHONG ; Chun-Feng LIU ; Jia-Ming ZHU ; Xiao-Qiang DING ;
Chinese Journal of Nephrology 2005;0(10):-
Objective To observe the role of rosiglitazone in unclipped kidneys of two-kidney- one-clip hypertensive rats and examine its relationship to angiotensinⅡreceptors.Methods Two- kidney-one-clip hypertensive rats were divided randomly into 4 groups as follows:positive control group (CONT),traditional antihypertensive drugs group (TAHD,reserpine 50?g?kg~(-1)?d~(-1), dihydralazine 6.25 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) and hydrochlorothiazide 6.25 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),regular-dose rosiglitazone group (RRGL,rosiglitazone 5 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)),and high-dose rosiglitazone group (HRGL, rosiglitazone 20 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1)).Sham operation rats were as negative controls.Each group had 8 rats. Animals were monitored and sacrificed at 10th week.Results Blood systolic pressure in TAHD group and HRGL group was significantly lower than that in CONT group [TAHD(137?27 ) mm Hg and HRGL (143?16) mm Hg vs CONT (191?25 ) mm Hg,P<0.05],but no significant difference between the former two groups was found.Nor did the blood systolic pressure between RRGL group [(176?18) mm Hg] and CONT group.At 10th week,rats in SHAM group and treated groups had lower urinary urinary protein excretion rate,glomerular injury score and wall-to-lumen ratio of arteriole than those in CONT group [vs CONT urinary protein excretion rate (44.60?17.40) mg/24 h,P<0.05; vs CONT glomerular injury score 60.85?33.05,P<0.05;vs CONT wall-to-lumen ratio of arteriole 2.33?1.01,P<0.01,except TAHD group].Though with the similar level of blood pressure,blood glucose and lipid,HRGL,compared with TAHD group showed lower urinary protein excretion rate [HRGL (16.78?3.50) mg/24 h vs TAHD (27.94?12.79) mg/24 h,P<0.05],decreased glomerular injury score (HRGL 18.04?7.76 vs TAHD 27.92?6.39,P<0.05) and wall-to-lumen ratio of arteriole (HRGL 1.75?0.38 vs TAHD 2.16?0.90,P<0.05) in the cortexes of unclipped right kidneys.The expression of type 1 angiotensinⅡreceptor (AT1R) mRNA was no difference in HRGL group and TAHD group,but the expression of type 2 angiotensinⅡreceptor (AT2R) mRNA was more intensive in HRGL group.Conclusion Rosiglitazone can protect the kidneys from hypertensive injury,especially in high dose.The beneficial effects seem incompletely dependent on the metabolism modulating and reduction of blood pressure,but in relationship to the upregulation of AT2R mRNA.
9.Comparative pharmacokinetics of syringin, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin in rat plasma after intravenous administration of each monomer and Ciwujia injection.
Hui-Xia FAN ; Zhi-Peng DENG ; Hao ZHONG ; Xiao-Ting XU ; Qing-Qiang YAO
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2014;39(10):1921-1927
To compare the pharmacokinetics of syringin, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin after intravenous administration of each monomer and Ciwujia injection. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups and intravenously administrated with syringin, eleutheroside E, isofraxidin, and Ciwujia injection, respectively. The concentrations of the three components in rat plasma were determined by LC-MS/MS. DAS 2.0 software was applied to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters while the SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between each monomer and the injection on the main pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC, CL and t1,/2. Compared with the injection, the group treated with the syringin has obvious decrease in AUC, and increase in CL while the group treated with eleutheroside E has obvious increase in AUC, and decrease in CL The t1/2 of isofraxidin was prolonged in Ciwujia injection. Pharmacokinetic characters of the ingredients in the injection varied greatly from the monomer. Other constituents in the injection may have an impact on the pharmacokinetic profiles of these three components.
Administration, Intravenous
;
Animals
;
Coumarins
;
administration & dosage
;
blood
;
pharmacokinetics
;
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
;
administration & dosage
;
pharmacokinetics
;
Glucosides
;
administration & dosage
;
blood
;
pharmacokinetics
;
Lignans
;
administration & dosage
;
blood
;
pharmacokinetics
;
Male
;
Phenylpropionates
;
administration & dosage
;
blood
;
pharmacokinetics
;
Rats
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
10.Multi-objective optimization of extraction process for red ginseng based upon extraction efficiency and cost control.
Yi ZHONG ; Jie-Qiang ZHU ; Xiao-Hui FAN ; Li-Yuan KANG ; Zheng LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2014;39(13):2495-2497
It is the objective of this study to optimize the extraction process of red ginseng to minimize the unit cost of extracting effective ingredients. The relation between the target variables of total quantity of ginsenosides and first extraction time, first extraction solution amount, second extraction time, second extract solution amount were studied with Box-Behnken experimental design method. At the same we also considered the cost of extraction solution and energy usage. The objective function was set as unit cost of target (total quantity of ginsenosides or its purity) for the multi-objective optimization of extraction process. As a result, the optimal process parameters were found as first extraction time (108.7 min), first extraction solution amount folds (12), second extraction time (30 min), second extraction solution amount folds (8) to minimize the unit cost. It indicated that this approach could potentially be used to optimize industrial extraction process for manufacturing Chinese medicine.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
;
economics
;
methods
;
Cost Control
;
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
;
analysis
;
economics
;
isolation & purification
;
Panax
;
chemistry