Objective To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA).Methods To review the clinical data of 35 patients who underwent posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy from September 2013 to September 2015.There were 14 males and 21 females, aged 15-70 years, with an average of 45.8 years.Preoperative CT scan was performed to determine the size, shape and location of the tumor.Tumor diameter 10-60 mm, average 31 mm.Results 35 operations were successfully accomplished via the posterior approach.The operation time was 38-138 min (mean 70.1 min) ,and the drainage tube indwelling time was 1-5 d(average 2.1 d) ,the hospital stay was 2-6d(average 3.7 d).Total hospital costs were 14 789-31 992 yuan, average of 21 239 yuan.No complications occurred during the perioperative period.Conclusions Posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy might provide clear anatomical views.It could be a safe and effective operation for the clinical treatment of adrenal tumors.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA).Methods From September 2013 to September 2015,the clinical data of 35 patients who underwent posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy were reviewed.There were 14 males and 21 females,aged 15-70 years,with the average of 45.8 years.Preoperative CT scan showed 19 adrenal tumors in the left side,16 in the right side,and one case with the left adrenal adenoma combining with right renal cyst.Tumor diameter is between 10 ～ 60mm,with the average of 31mam.Twenty-two cases were diagnosed as primary aldosteronism,4 pheochromocytoma,and 9 non-functional adrenal tumor.The posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy were performed in all of the cases,which are under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation and prone position with hip joints and knee joints flexion of 90.Results Thirty-five operations were successfully completed via the posterior approach demonstrating clear anatomical layers.The operation time was 38-138min(mean 70 min),the drainage tube indwelling duration was l-Sd(average 2d),and the hospital stay was 2-6d (average 4d).Total costs of hospitalization were 14 789-31 992 yuan RMB,with an average of 21 239 yuan RMB.No complications occurred during the perioperative period.The average follow-up was 11 months,and no complications such as tumor recurrence occured.Conclusions Retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy provided clear anatomical views.It could be a safe and effective operation for the treatment of adrenal tumors.

Background Optic neuritis is closely associated with multiple sclerosis (MS).Its pathogenesis is uncompletely clear,and less basic researches are carried out at home and abroad. Objective This study was to reveal the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) in the optic nerve of rat with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and to provide a theoretical evidence for the research of the relationship of optic neuritis with MS. Methods Fifty clean Wistar rats were randomized into the control group and immune 8,12,18 and 25 days groups.Myelencephalon was collected from 5 guinea pigs to prepare the homogenate and mixed with the isovolumetric complete Freud' s adjuvant (CFA).The 0.5 ml mixed antigen emulsifier was subcutancously injected into the 4 maps together with Bordetella pertussis 0.2 ml under the cutancous of dorsalis pedis at 0 and 48 hours to induce the EAE.Behavior of the rats was evaluated to score the neurological function.The optical nerve sections were prepared 8,12,18 and 25 days after immunology for the histopathological examination,and immunochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of MBP in optic nerve.The use of the animals complied with the Regulation for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission. Results The disorder of motor nerve was seen 12 days following the immune,and the clinical neural functional scores were significantly higher 12 day and peaked on 18 days myelination and then gradually reduced.The histopathological examination showed that the irregular alignment of neural fiber was found at 12 days,and changes of cellular structure,edema of neural shaft bunch were observed at 18 days.However,the abnormal cells were significantly less 25 days following the immune.Immunochemistry showed that the MBP was expressed mainly in the myelination of optic nerve fibers.The numbers of positive cells for MBP were (115.75±26.49)cells/5 fields at the 12th day,showing a significant lowing in comparison with (167.44±22.49)cells/5 fields of control group (t=4.537,P＜0.05 ).The positive cells were lest at the 18th day with the values ( 75.57 ± 34.54) cells/5 fields ( t =6.362,P＜0.01 ).At the 25th day,positive cells increased to ( 117.63 ± 13.78) cells/5 fields,which still was lower than those of the control group ( t =4.068,P＜0.05 ).Western blot assay illuminated that with the prolong of immune time,MBP/β-actin ratio in optic nerve was gradually reduced and followed the same pattern at the 12th day( t =4.639,P＜0.05 ).At 18 days after immune in comparison with the control group,the expression of MBP/β-actin ratio in optic nerve was the least (t=8.427,P＜0.01). Conclusions MBP can be degraded in rat optic nerve.This is a further evidence that optic neuritis is a severe demyelination disease.It is clearly related to MS.

Cell Proliferation ; DNA ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Recombinant Proteins ; chemistry ; Transfection

Triptolide (TPT), an active compound extracted from Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii , has been used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, after synovial fibroblasts from rheumatoid arthritis (RASFs) were treated with TPT, we investigated its effect on the differentiation of Th17 cells. Firstly, the mRNA level of cyclooxygenase (COX) wad detected by qRT-PCR and the protein level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was tested by ELISA in RASFs treated with different concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100 nmol L-1 ) of TPT. Then after TPT pre-treated RASFs and RA CD4 + T cells wer e co-cultured for 3 days in the presence or absence of PGE2, IL-17 and IFN-gamma production in CD4 T cell subsets were detected by flow cytometry. The results showed TPT decreased the mRNA experssion of COX2 and the secretion of PGE2 in RASFs in a dose-dependent manner(P <0. 05). We further found that differentiation of Thl7 cells was downregulated in a dose-dependent manner, and exogenous PGE2 could reverse the inhibition of Th17 cell differentiation(P <0. 05). Taken together, our results demonstrated that TPT inhibited the mRNA level of COX2 and the secretion of PGE2 in RASFs, which partly led to impaired Th17 cell differentiation in vitro.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; immunology ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dinoprostone ; metabolism ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Epoxy Compounds ; pharmacology ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; immunology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology ; Synovial Fluid ; drug effects ; Th17 Cells ; drug effects ; pathology

Objective To explore the oxidative stress pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease(PD) induced by paraquat in substantia nigra of mice. Methods The model of PD was established by oral administration of paraquat to mice.The spectrophotometry was used to determine the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in substantia nigra.At the same time,number of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) positive neurons in substantia nigra of mice was estimated by immunohistochemistry. Results The activities of SOD and GSH-PX were significantly decreased,and the content of MDA was increased in paraquat-treated mice compared to that of mice treated by saline taken orally(P

Objective To study the relationship between arterial compliance and diastolic dysfunction in essential hypertensive patients.Methods Fifty-one treated hypertensive patients and 47 normotensive controls were enrolled.Arterial stiffness was assessed by vascular e-TRACKING technology of ultrosonic.Tissue Doppler echocardiography combined with conventional Doppler echocardiography was used for assessment of left ventricular diastolic function and peak late diastolic velocity of mitral flow.The ratio of E/A,Em/Am and E/Em were measured.Results Compared with normotensive controls,hypertensive patients have increased arterial sclerosis index(?) [(10.5?3.8) vs control(8.1?3.4),P

Objective To investigate the correlation between left ventricular remodeling and systolic function by mid-wall fractional shortening(mFS).Methods 51 cases of hypertension and 47 cases of healthy volunteers were enrolled and systolic parameters were measured as ejection fraction(EF), fractional shortening(FS) and mFS. Acorrding to left ventricular remodeling parameteres inclulding LVMI and RWT, hypertension group was divided into four subgroups. The correlation among these parameters were analyzed.Results Thicker left ventricular wall and lower mFS in patient with hypertension compaired with those in controll (P<0.05). There were negative correlation between mFS and RWTr=-0.42, P<0.05) and positive correlation between mFS and LVMI r=-0.67, P<0.01).Conclusion mFS is a valuable parameter compared with traditional parameteres such as EF and FS. There is a linear association between parameteres of ventricular remodeling and systolic function assessed by mFS in early stage of hypertension.

Objective:It intended to examine whether there is BDV infection in the human tumor tissues of central nervous system in China and investigate the correlation between BDV infection and tumom of central nervous system.Methods:Nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(nRT-PCR)and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR)was used to detect the BDV p24 fragments in 60 samples of human tumor tissues of central nervous system and 14 normal brain tissues.Results:The study indicated the positive rate of the BDV p24 fragment in human tumor tissues of the central nervous system (6.67%)was higher than that in normal brain tissues(0),but no statistical significance(P>0.05).Concluswn:It suggests that the BDV infection is present in the human tumor tissues of central nervous system in China.while the sample size wa.sn't large enough and we could not certify the possible correlation between BDV infection and cenfral nervous system tumors.

Quantitative NMR (qNMR) is a technology based on the principle of NMR. This technology does not need the references of the determined components, which supplies a solution for the problem of reference scarcity in the quantitative analysis of traditional Chinese medicines. Moreover, this technology has the advantages of easy operation, non-destructiveness for the determined sample, high accuracy and repeatability, in comparison with HPLC, LC-MS and GC-MS. NMR technology has achieved quantum leap in sensitivity and accuracy with the development of NMR hardware. In addition, the choice of appropriate experimental parameters of the pre-treatment and measurement procedure as well as the post-acquisition processing is also important for obtaining high-quality and reproducible NMR spectra. This review summarizes the principle of qHNMR, the various experimental parameters affecting the accuracy and the precision of qHNMR, such as signal to noise ratio, relaxation delay, pulse width, acquisition time, window function, phase correction and baseline correction, and their corresponding optimized methods. Moreover, the application of qHNMR in the fields of quantitation of single or multi-components of traditional Chinese medicines, the purity detection of references, and the quality analysis of foods has been discussed. In addition, the existing questions and the future application prospects of qNMR in natural product areas are also presented.
Biological Products ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Reproducibility of Results