Animals ; Dementia, Vascular ; blood ; psychology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Peptides ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Animals ; Ear Canal ; surgery ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Hypothalamus ; metabolism ; Nerve Block ; Pregnancy ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; genetics ; metabolism

Animals ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Inferior Colliculi ; metabolism ; N-Methylaspartate ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; genetics ; metabolism

The issue as to whether hospital ownership has an impact on the quality of care has long been a serious concern.Hand hygiene (HH) compliance is regarded as an important indicator of the quality of care in the control of hospital-acquired infections.However,little information is available on whether hospital ownership influences HH compliance.In this study,of 229 hospitals selected from Hubei province in China,152 were public and 77 were private hospitals.A total of 23 652 healthcare workers (HCWs) were surveyed,using a convenience sampling.HH compliance,the WHO's "My Five Moments for hand hygiene" (5MHH),among HCWs,together with the factors of hospital ownership,training frequency,bed occupancy rates,etc.were collected.Univariate analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used to analyze factors affecting HH compliance.Overall,HH compliance rates were 67％ and 79％ for public and private hospitals,respectively.The HH compliance rates of HCWs and 5MHH were between 55％ and 95％,and influenced by hospital ownership (P＜0.05),excluding compliance rate at the moment after body fluid exposure,and other influence factors included training frequency and bed occupancy rate (P＜0.05).HH compliance is better in private than in public hospitals.Hospital ownership is a significant factor affecting HH compliance,in addition to training frequency and bed occupancy rate.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor on hypoxia responses in mammalian tissues. HIF-1 plays as a positive factor in solid tumor and leads to hypoxia-driven responses that enhance its downstream gene expression for tumor growth and survival. LXY6099 was obtained by the structural modification and optimization of manassantin A (MA) as a high potent HIF-1 inhibitor. Antitumor activity of LXY6099 was observed in this study. LXY6099 with an IC50 value of 2.46 x 10(-10) mol x L(-1) showed more sensitive inhibition activity to HIF-1 than that of MA detected by reporter gene assay (> 100 folds). It showed strong inhibition on the growth of human solid tumor cell lines. Furthermore, LXY6099 exhibited significant antitumor activity against established human tumor xenografts in nu/nu mice with treatment of MX-1 breast cancer. Thus, LXY6099 as a novel HIF-1 inhibitor could be further developed into anti-cancer agents.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; metabolism ; Lignans ; pharmacology ; Mice, Nude

BackgroundResearch demonstrated that vitamin D3 mediated by its receptor has the potent nonclassical effects,including immunomodulatory,antiinflammatory,and neuroprotective properties,and it can enhance the secretion and sensitivity of insulin and therefore down-regulate hyperglycemia and attenuate the corneal edema.ObjectiveThe present study was to investigate the protective effect of vitamin D3on ocular structure in experimental diabetic rat.Methods Twenty-two healthy SPF C57BL/6 rats were randomly divided into vitamine D3 group (8 rabbits),diabetic control group ( 11 rabbits) and normal control group ( 3 rabbits).2％ streptozotocin ( STZ,175 mg/kg)was intraperitoneally injected to create the diabetic models in the rats of the vitamine D3 group and diabetic control group.Blood glucose was examined for 3 times in the third day after STZ injection,and the rats with the blood glucose concentration ＞16.7 mmol/L was identified as the successful diabetic models.After modeling,the rat tail blood was collected for the monitoring of blood glucose.Two weeks after modeling,vitamine D3 was intraperitoneally injected in each week for 5 times.The fundus was examined using direct ophtalmoscope,and the eyeballs were obtained under the excessive anesthesia for the measurement of thickness of the central cornea,retina and choroids by histopathological examination once a week for 7 weeks after administration of vitamin D3.The administration of the animals complied with the Statement of ARVO.ResultsThe corneal edema appeared with the corneal thickness of (339.14± 11.13) μm in the first week and gradually attenuated with time elapse after modeling in the diabetic group ( F =382.446,P =0.000).The corneal thickness values were significantly decreased from the second week through the seventh week in the vitamin D3 group compared with diabetic control group(P＜0.05).The atrophy of the corneal epithelium was found from the fifth week to the seventh week in diabetic control group,but that in vitamin D3 group was slight (P＜0.05).The gradually thinning of the choroids was seen from the first week to the seventh week in the diabetic control group ( F =437.411,P =0.000 ),however,the thickness values in the vitamin D3 group were significantly increased in comparison with the diabetic control group in various time points (P＜0.05).The retina thickness was gradually reduced during the seven-week duration in the diabetic control group (F =91.859,P =0.000),but no significant change was identified in retina thickness in the vitamin D3 group(P＞0.05).ConclusionsVitamin D3 has prevent and therapeutic effects on experimental diabetic oculopathy.

In recent years, polysaccharides have received much attention because of their high safety and good immunological activity. The study of polysaccharide in vivo process is a key scientific problem that needs to be solved for polysaccharide drug development. Some progress has been made in the field of polysaccharide pharmacokinetics and immunomodulation. However, due to the lack of both chromogenic and light-absorbing groups and the complex molecular structure of polysaccharides, the in vivo processes and immunomodulatory mechanisms of polysaccharides have been slow to be investigated. The effective combination of multiple techniques can break the bottleneck of difficult tracing and unknown immunomodulatory mechanism of polysaccharides in vivo, and promote the development and utilization of polysaccharides. In this paper, we systematically summarize the key techniques in the study of polysaccharide in vivo processes and immunomodulatory mechanisms in order to provide technical references and research ideas for the study of polysaccharide in vivo processes and immunomodulatory mechanisms.

Chinese medicinal authentication is fundamental for the standardization and globalization of Chinese medicine. The discipline of authentication addresses difficult issues that have remained unresolved for thousands of years, and is essential for preserving safety. Chinese medicinal authentication has both scientific and traditional cultural connotations; the use of scientific methods to elucidate traditional experience-based differentiation carries the legacy of Chinese medicine forward, and offers immediate practical significance and long-term scientific value. In this paper, a path of inheritance and innovation is explored through the scientific exposition of Chinese medicinal authentication, featuring a review of specialized publications, the establishment of a Chinese medicine specimen center and Chinese medicinal image databases, the expansion of authentication technologies, and the formation of a cultural project dedicated to the Compedium of Materia Medica.
Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Humans ; Materia Medica ; chemistry ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Reference Standards

Aged ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; blood ; therapy ; Emergency Treatment ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; poisoning ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Serum ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the change of morphology, biomechanics and histology after osteotomy of mandibular outer cortex.

METHODSThe mandibular outer cortex that involves angle and part of body was removed at one side in 8 minitype pigs aged 8-12 months. 2 pigs were selected randomly for histologic examination 12 weeks after operation. The other 6 animals were killed 24 weeks after operation. The thickness of new-formed mandibular outer cortex was measured and compared with that of operated side. Biomechanical test was performed in bilateral angles. Histological observation was made in the operated side.

RESULTSThe thickness of outer cortex was (2.1 +/- 0.3) mm and (2.5 +/- 0.4) mm in the operated side and opposite side, respectively, showing a significant difference between them (P < 0.01). The maximum load was (401.76 +/- 204.91) N and (585.42 +/- 413.07) N in the operated side and opposite side, respectively (P > 0.05). The Rigidity was (2172.19 +/- 1174.73) N/mm and (2363.90 +/- 1547.48) N/mm (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in biomechanics between the two sides. The histologic study showed histologically complete regeneration of outer cortex 24 weeks after mandibular outer cortex osteotomy.

CONCLUSIONSAfter resection of mandibular outer cortex, the histologic restoration is complete, but the new-formed outer cortex is thinner with local depression. Bone tubercle can be seen at the angle after bone regeneration. There is no obvious change in biomechanics after outer cortex osteotomy.

Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Male ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature