AlM: To demonstrate the effect of comprehensive treatments for meibomian gland dysfunctional dry eye.
METHODS:Totally, 86 cases (172 eyes) in our hospital, who suffered from meibomian gland dysfunctional dry eye, were measured by BUT, CFS, the machine of infrared meibomian gland function and testing meibomian gland after extrusion. The scores of meibomian gland function missing and secretions were observed, which as a diagnosis, and assessed the effectiveness of treatment, after took comprehensive treatments in different stages ( comprehensive treatments including cleaning, hot covering, massaging, TobraDex, Pranoprofen and Lubricant, etc. ) .
RESULTS:All patients were treated and observed for 3wk, in which 46 cases (92 eyes) of cured, 29 cases (58 eyes) effective, 11 cases (22 eyes) ineffective, the total effective rate was 87. 2%. After 6wk, 68 cases (136 eyes) of cured, 13 cases (26 eyes) effective, 5 cases (10 eyes) ineffective, the total effective rate was 94. 2%, not appeared adverse ocular and systemic reactions in the process of treatment.
CONCLUSlON: Taken comprehensive treatments for meibomian gland dysfunctional dry eye could effectively shorten the course of the disease, quickly remove meibomian gland tube obstruction, restore the meibomian gland secretion and stable the lipid layer, and could reduce the discomfort of patients with dry eye positively and effectively.

Adenoma, Sweat Gland ; pathology ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leg ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To establish the sulfur mustard (SM ) induced tracheal injury model in rat and to investigate its mecha-nism .Methods Male rats (SD) were anesthetized and intra-tracheally intubated .The SM group was intra-tracheally injected by 2 mg/kg of diluted SM ,while the propylene glycol control group only by 0 .1mL of propylene glycol and the normal control group had no any treatment .The tissue and blood samples were taken for conducting the HE and immunohistochemical staining and measuring serum enzymes and andinflammatory factors .Results In the SM group ,a large number of lymphocytes infiltration in submucosa were observed;the positive expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were observed in epithelium and submucosa ;serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 reached the peak in 24 h;serum levels of LDH ,GP ,BARS reached the peak in 6h ,so did GGT in 24 h .In the propyl-ene glycol control group and the normal control group ,lymphocytes ,macrophages and neutrophils were rare in submucosa .Conclu-sion The mechanism of SM (2 mg/kg) induced acute tracheal injury involves the inflammatory reaction ,apoptosis and oxidative stress ,moreover the lesion degree has the correlation with time .

Objective To investigate the expression of integrin β1 and VEGF in gastric carcinoma and evaluate its correlation with invasion and metastasis.Methods Immunohistochemistry techniques were used to study the expression of integrin β1 and VEGF in 63 gastric carcinoma specimens.We analyzed the variance with histological grade and stage and classification of clinical date.Results No significant relationship was observed among age,sex and histological classification of the expression of integrin β1 in the gastric cancer group (P>0.05).With the depth of invasion and lymphatic metastasis increasing,integrin β1 expression improved.The positive rate of integrin β1 among tubular adenocarcinoma,papillary carcinoma,mucinous carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma was 70.00 %,55.56 %,57.14 % and 64.86 %.No significant relationship was observed in it.Integrin β1 in cases with lymphnode metastasis was significantly higher than those without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).No significant relationship was observed among VEGF expression and age,sex,histological classification and depth of invasion (P>0.05).Significant relationship was observed among VEGF expression and lymphatic metastasis.VECF in cases with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than those without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).Conclusion Immunohistochemistry techniques indicated that integrin β1 participated in the procession of invasion and metastasis.The expression of integrin β1 and VEGF are important factor,forecasting the invasion and metastasis.VEGF is an important factor for lymphnade metastasis of gastric carcinoma.VEGF in cases with lymphnode metastasis was significantly higher than those without lymphnode metastasis(P<0.05).The usage of integrin β1 and VEGF will improve the rightness in forecasting the invasion and lymph node metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the iodine content of food in six provinces of China,to add the results of this survey to the food iodine content database,and to provide a scientific basis for iodine supplementation in different parts of China.Methods A total of 8 categories and 39 species common food produced locally in the six provinces of Fujian,Chongqing,Shandong,Anhui,Gansu and Jilin were collected.Samples of cereals,beans and other dry samples were crushed into powder; samples of fresh fruits and vegetables were washed and dried to constant weight,and crushed into powder; poultry,meat and fish samples were washed and then their edible parts were crushed into meat paste,bake dried to constant weight,and crushed into powder.Iodine content in the above-mentioned food was determined by catalytic spectrophotometry,and the wavelength was 405 nm.Data processing and statistical analysis were carried out by using SPSS 13.0 statistical software.The results of total iodine content of the various types of food were expressed as median(P50) and interquartile range(P25 and P75).Results The iodine content of the cereal in Fujian,Chongqing,Shandong,Anhui,Gansu and Jilin were 11.9,12.0,48.0,95.1,13.0and 3.1 μg/kg,respectively; of the potato were 53.9,26.3,74.9,43.7,76.8 and 38.5 μg/kg,respectively; of the meat and the eggs were 56.0,30.4,78.6,124.6,47.7 and 34.8 μg/kg,respectively; of the aquatic products were 319.3,144.7,186.6,241.3,155.4 and 213.3 μg/kg,respectively; of the vegetables were 166.6,145.1,131.7,218.0,205.4 and 98.1 μg/kg,respectively; of the fruits were 105.5,17.8,80.9,1.7,76.7 and 10.3 μg/kg,respectively; of the kelp and laver were 36.0 × 103,1292.0 × 103,2810.0 × 103,48.0 × 103,75.0 × 103 and 120.0 × 103 μg/kg,respectively; of the Chinese pickled vegetables were 640.4,4163.5,3073.7,2635.3,1540.9 and 492.0 μg/kg,respectively.ConclusionsThe iodine content of different types of food,and same kind of food from different provinces are different.The results are a complement to the 2004 Chinese food composition database.

AIM: To compare the safety and efficacy of conjunctival autograft transplant ( CAT ) and limbal - conjunctival autograft transplant (LCAT) for primary pterygium.
METHODS: In this prospective, randomized and controlled clinical study, 120 patients ( 120 eyes ) diagnosed with primary pterygium were collected in NO. 474 Hospital of Chinese PLA from January 2014 to January 2015. The 120 patients enrolled in the study in turn, and divided into two group by the odd and even number. The odd number underwent CAT and the even number underwent LCAT.
RESULTS:One hundred and seven patients (107 eyes) completed the follow-up of 1a, including 54 patients (54 eyes) from the CAT group and 53 patients (53 eyes) from the LCAT group. Four patients (4 eyes, recurrence rate 7. 4%) in the CAT group and 2 patients ( 2 eyes, recurrence rate 3. 8%) in the LCAT group developed recurrence. However, there were no significant in recurrence rate between CAT group and LCAT group (P =0. 678).
CONCLUSION: CAT and LCAT might be both effective treatment for primary pterygium for reducing the recurrence rate of pterygium. However, LCAT is the optimal surgical method for primary pterygium.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) at points along Foot Yangming Channel on metabolite of ulcerative colitis (UC) rats' cerebral cortex and to identify key metabolites by referring to Pi/Wei-brain related theory in Chinese medicine (CM).

METHODSThe UC rat model was set up by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) method. Male SD rats were randomly divided into the model group and the EA group, 13 in each group. Another 13 rats were recruited as the blank control group. Rats in the blank control group and the model group received no EA. EA was performed at Zusanli (ST36), Shangjuxu (ST37), and Tianshu (ST25) for 5 days by using disperse-dense wave. Then all rats were sacrificed. Their recto-colon and the ileocecal junction were pathomorphologically observed by light microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Cerebral cortexes were extracted. Water-soluble and lipid-soluble brain tissue metabolites were respectively extracted for metabolic research using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR).

RESULTSEA could obviously improve the general condition of UC model rats, decrease the value of DAI, reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the intestinal tract, stabilize structures such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and so on (P <0.05). 1HNMR analysis showed that in the model group, contents of glutamic acid, cholesterol, very low density lipoproein (VLDL) in the pallium obviously decreased, while alanine and low density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly increased. After EA, levels of lactic acid, glutamic acid, total cholesterol (TC), and VLDL all increased, and levels of alanine and LDL decreased. All indices were approximate to those of the blank control group.

CONCLUSIONEA at Foot Yangming channel was found to have some effect on metabolites in the brain tissue of UC model rats, which had specific metabonomic material basis and mechanism based on the Pi/Wei-brain related theory.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; Electroacupuncture ; Lipids ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo analyze the trend of prevalence and major risk factors for diabetes between 1997 and 2009 in Shenzhen.

METHODSA total sample of 7956 and 8487 residents aged from 20 to 69 years were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling from two cross-sectional chronic diseases survey in Shenzhen in 1997 and 2009 respectively. The variation of prevalence between different age groups (divided into a 5-year age group) were compared. The effect of risk factors was evaluated by population attributable risk percentage (PARP), and time trend of PARP for risk factors were analyzed.

RESULTSCompared with that in 1997, the aged-adjusted prevalence of diabetes has increased from 3.85% (306/7956) to 5.21% (441/8487) in 2009 (χ(2) = 17.54, P < 0.001). The prevalence in age group 50 - 54, 60 - 64, and 65 - 69 years increased significantly from 7.88% (35/444), 8.55% (36/421) and 11.34 (33/291) to 12.09% (59/488), 14.63% (55/376) and 20.71% (70/338) respectively (χ(2) = 4.54, 7.25 and 10.01, P < 0.05). After controlling for age, the rates of abdominal obesity, family history of diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension increased from 21.56% (1715/7956), 4.39% (349/7956), 26.34% (2096/7956) and 11.53% (917/7956) to 31.88% (2706/8487), 12.84% (1090/8487), 41.38%(3512/8487) and 14.61% (1240/8487) respectively (χ(2) = 5.52, 14.83, 18.38 and 20.22, P < 0.01). For diabetes, the PARP of aging, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity were 41.55%, 29.25% and 25.10% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of diabetes in Shenzhen increases rapidly and more patients are found in younger age. The rise of diabetes was mainly attributed to aging and increasing exposures to risk factors.

Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the effects of three surgical operations in the treatment of Pilon fracture of Rüedi-Allgower type III, and put forward the best therapeutic method.

METHODSThe clinical data of 33 patients with Pilon fracture who received surgical operations (plaster immobilization group, 10 cases; distal tibia anatomical plate group, 11 cases; external fixation with limited internal fixation group, 12 cases) from October 2009 to January 2012 were analyzed. There were 5 males and 5 females, ranging in age from 24 to 61 years in the plaster immobilization group. There were 7 males and 4 females, ranging in age from 21 to 64 years in the distal tibia anatomical plate group. There were 7 males and 5 females, ranging in age from 23 to 67 years in the external fixation with limited internal fixation group. The Ankle X-ray of Pilon fracture after operation, ankle score, early and late complications were collected. Bourne system was used to evaluate ankle joint function.

RESULTSAfter 8 months to 3 years follow-up, it was found that three kinds of treatment had significant differences in the outcomes and complications (P < 0.05): the external fixation with limited internal fixation group got the best results. The number of anatomic reduction cases in the external fixation with limited internal fixation group (7 cases) and the distal tibia anatomical plate group (8 cases) was more than the plaster immobilization group (2 cases). According to the ankle score, 8 patients got an excellent result, 3 good and 1 poor in the limited internal fixation group ,which was better than those of distal tibia anatomical plate group (5 excellent, 4 good and 2 poor) and the plaster immobilization group (3 excellent, 4 good and 3 poor). The number of early and late complications in the external fixation with limited internal fixation group was more than those in the plaster immobilization group and the distal tibia anatomical plate group (P< 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of external fixation with limited internal fixation in the treatment of Pilon fracture of Rüedi-Allgower type III is effective and safe.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

AIMTo analyze and compare the constituents of the volatile oil of Pogostemon cablin collected from different regions of cultivation and harvesting times in order to evaluate the quality of Shipai Huoxiang and to expound the chemical intension of Pogostemon cablin.

METHODSThe combination of GC and MS.

RESULTSThe volatile oil compositions of Herba Pogostemonis collected from various of cultivation regions and harvesting times are obviously different. Based on the chemical differences of the volatile oil compositions, Pogostemon cablin is divided into two chemotypes, Pogostone-type and Patchouliol-type. The former was cultivated in Guangzhou and Gaoyao regions, locally named as "Shipai Huoxiang"; the latter was locally named as "Hainan Huoxiang", cultivated in Wuchuan, Suixi and Leizhou regions of Guangdong Province and Wanning region of Hainan Province. The Pogostone-type contains rich oxygenated components, especially pogostone in the volatile oil compositions and poor non-oxygenated composition with patchouliol. The above chemical data may be used as evaluation standard for the authentic Shipai Huoxiang. The Patchouliol-type contains similar quantities of oxygenated and non-oxygenated composition, especially rich patchouliol with poor pogostone in oxygenated compositions, rich delta-guaiene and alpha-guaiene in non-oxygenation compositions. The contents of volatile oil and their constituents were varied due to different harvesting time. The yields of pogostone and volatile oil of Shipai Huoxiang was higher in July. The quality of the samples collected in this month was better.

CONCLUSIONAccording to the volatile oil compositions, there are two chemotypes (Pogostone-type and Patchouliol-type) in Pogostemon cablin plant. These two chemotypes correspond to the genotypes of plastid matK gene and nuclear 18s rRNA gene by cluster analysis.

Ecosystem ; Environment ; Lamiaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Quality Control ; Seasons