Objective To understand clinical characteristics of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis (PPC),so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Clinical data of 32 patients who were confirmed PPC by pathological diagnosis in a hospital from January 2008 to June 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Results All 32 cases were community-acquired infection ,26 male and 6 female (age between 17 and 62 years old, the average age was (35.53 ± 11 .29).Among 32 patients,8 had underlying diseases,2 were parturients,4 were carpenters,5 were pigeon keepers,3 were seafood transport drivers,and 10 lived in humid environment.Imaging findings:Solitary or multiple nodules and cluster shape(n=21),lobar consolidation(n=2),diffuse patchy shadow on bilateral lung (n=5),pulmonary cavity(n=3),and diffuse and mixed lesions (n=1).Pathological confirmation:di-agnosis through percutaneous lung biopsy(n=23),thoracoscopic surgery(n=7),and thoracotomy(n=2).Progno-sis:30 were cured,and 2 had marked effect.Conclusion PPC is commonly occurs in young and middle-aged immu-nocompetent persons,the onset is occult,clinical manifestations and imaging features lack specificity,can be easily misdiagnosed or omitted diagnosis,diagnosis is difficult,lack rapid diagnostic method in clinical practice,invasive pathological biopsy can be used as the basis of diagnosis;there is a controversy on therapy,adverse reaction of flu-conazol is mild,and has good therapeutic effect.

Objective To obtain the frequency weighting contour for seated Chinese young males in z axis.Method 10 male volunteers served as the subjects.They were exposed to standard vibration stimulus (a sinusoidal vibration of 1.0 m/s2 at 8 Hz) and 14 kinds of sinusoidal experimental vibration stimuli at frequencies from 4 Hz to 80 Hz.The magnitude of the experimental vibration stimulus was changed by the subject through a signal condition and switching device made by ourselves to obtain an equal vibration sensation to the standard vibration.The data were fitted to the same form of the frequency weighting Wk of ISO 2631-1 with the least square method and optimization of parameters.Result Compared with ISO 2631-1,the frequencies weightings of Chinese young males at 16～80 Hz are significantly higher than those of ISO 2631-1(P<0.005),but there are no significant difference between two frequency weighting contours at other frequencies. Conclusion Chinese young males are more sensitive to vibration at 16～80 Hz in Z axis.

Oligosaccharides are one of the essential physiological constituents of glycoproteins and glycolipids on mammalian cell surfaces and microbial metabolites. They have considerable potential as therapeutics but are only now slowly assuming this important role. One of the reasons for their slow development has been the considerable difficulty in synthesizing oligosaccharides on the scale necessary for their clinical evaluation. Classical chemical and enzymatic methods both have limitations in synthesizing large-scale oligosaccharides. In recent years, the rapid progress on molecular biotechnology has promoted the development of retaining glycosidases in oligosaccharides synthesis, which led to the production of a novel class of enzymatic activities termed the glycosynthases. These new enzymes are retaining glycosidase mutants in which the catalytic nucleophile has been converted to a non-nucleophilic residue,synthesizing oligosaccharides in high yields ( the highest yields reach 99%) without any hydrolysis. Furthermore thioglycoligases and thioglycosynthases have been developed subsequently in the past three years. Glycosynthases can be screened in high-throughput assay by the two-plasmid system and the yeast three-hybid system respectively. Their activity can be significantly enhanced by substituting alternative residues for nucleophile, additional random mutations and optimizing reaction conditions. Their regioselectivity can be modified through changes in receptors.

The specification of decoction pieces and quality uniformity are the important factors to influence the efficacy of clinical medicine. Considering the deficiency of diversity, poor quality uniformity and confusion of decoction pieces specifications, we first propose a new idea of precision decoction pieces (PDP) based on clinical demands and fresh-processed technology. In order to explain the idea, a study case of aconite SUP is provided, including the optimized specification design, processing technology, extraction effects, quality uniformity, and toxic and efficacy variation and so on. The results showed that preparing 5 mm PDP by fresh-cutting is rather simple and practicable, with high efficiency and large yield; then, this technology could significantly decrease the ingredients loss and increase the efficacy components; moreover, it was helpful for achieving the quality uniformity and best extraction effects. This work revealed the quality superiority of PDP, and provided a good strategy and example for the standard of decoction pieces specification and modernization of processing technology.
Aconitum ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Particle Size ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Quality Control

To study the inhibitory effect of RNA interference (RNAi) on MMP-9 gene expression in THP-1 cell line.To investigate the application of RNAi on the therapy of leukemia.Methods:Small interfering RNA ( siRNA) for MMP-9 gene was designed and transfected into THP-1 cells.MMP-9 mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR, and MMP-9 protein expression was tested by Western blot.MTT and trypan blue staining were used to observe the effect on the proliferation of THP-1 cells after RNAi.The changes in cell morphology were observed under the microscope.Results:The expressions of MMP-9 mRNA and protein were inhibited in THP-1 MMP-9 siRNA-transfected cells ,significantly lower than those of control cells.The results of MTT and trypan blue staining in-dicated that the proliferation ability of THP-1 cells obviously decreased after siRNA-transfected 48h and 72h.The growth of cells was in-hibited and the cells survival rate was significantly lower than that of control group ( P<0.05 ).The cells of control groups grew semi-quote wall under inverted microscope.The outline of cells was clear and the shape was uniform.The cells grew vigorously.While the growth of cells in siRNA group was inhibited.The morphology of siRNA group cells changed obviously by the Wright staining.Most cells expressed changes of apoptosis.Conclusion: siRNA for MMP-9 gene can not only reduce the expressions of MMP-9 mRNA and protein,but also inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of THP-1 cells.

AIM: To evaluate the effects of the extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops in basic tears secretory volume, tear film stability, expression of androgen receptors(AR) in castrated rats with dry eye, and to investigate the therapeutic effects of extract of Buddleja officinalis on dry eye caused by gonadal hormones level imbalance. METHODS:A total of 45 Wistar masculinity rats were divided at random into 9 groups, including normal group(A1,A2 and A3), model group(B1,B2 and B3), therapy group with extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops(C1,C2 and C3). The "1" stood for being fed for 1 month, and "2" for 2 months, and "3" for 3 months. The dry eye model was established with orchiectomy on group B,C. Group C was treated with Buddleja officinalis extract eye drops for one month. All rats were checked with Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) and tear film break-up time (BUT). Expression of AR was analyzed by flow cytometer(FCM). RESULTS:The SⅠt value of group C was significantly higher than that of group B (P<0.01) and the BUT value of group C was significantly longer than that of group B (P<0.01), which indicated the eye drop could significantly keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability. And the expression of AR of group C was much higher than that of group B,which showed that available composition of the eye drops maybe display androgen-like activity.CONCLUSION:The main components of extract of Buddleja officinalis is the flavonoids which could significantly inhibit happening of dry eye of rat after androgen level lowered. Its mechanism is like androgen's and it could display androgen-like activity to keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability.

Cirrhosis with portal hypertension is a common disease which has a significant impact on the quality of patients' life. Esophagogastric devascularization (EGDV) has been demonstrated to be an effective method to treat portal hypertension, however certain complications are associated with it. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and clinical outcome of the selective EGDV (sEGDV) for the treatment of portal hypertension. The study was conducted prospectively from Jan. 1 2011 to Dec. 31, 2012, and 180 patients were randomized to the sEGDV group (n=90) or the non-sEGDV (n-sEGDV) group (n=90). Patients' demographics, preoperative lab test results and operative details were comparable between the two groups. Postoperative and short-term complications were analyzed in two groups. There was statistically significant difference (P<0.01) in the PVF reduction between the two groups. Post-operative complications showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of bleeding, ascites, acute portal vein thrombosis, fever and hepatic encephalopathy. Mortality between two groups was comparable. The incidence of splenic fossa effusion after the surgery was lower in sEGDV group than in n-sEGDV group. There were no significant differences in the short-term follow-up data such as esophageal varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy (P>0.05). It is suggested that sEGDV is a safe, simple and effective surgical procedure. It has both the advantages of the shunt and devascularization because it preserves body's voluntary diversion. With the advantage of low incidence of postoperative complications, it is an ideal surgical approach for the treatment of portal hypertension.

?AlM: To observe the effect of Qingguang'an on elastic fiber, MMP-7, TlMP-1 in scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery through the four Qingguang'an effective groups and Qingguang'an granules, to discuss and compare their mechanism of action on scarring area of filtration canal.?METHODS:Four effective components of Qingguang'an were used in groups D, E, F, G and H after glaucoma surgery, compared with group A ( blank ) , group B (model) and group C ( MMC) to observe the effect of elastic fiber, MMP-7, TlMP-1 in scarring filtration canal.?RESULTS:Compared with the preoperative basic lOP and 2d , 1, 2, 4wk postoperative lOP of groups C, E and H, the lOP of three group rose up slower than other groups, and kept the lowest data at 28d. There was significant difference compared with the rest of A, B, D, F, G groups (P<0. 05). The area and density of elastic fiber in surgery group were significantly different with that of black control group ( P<0. 05 ), but there were no statistical differences between groups C and H, groups C and F, groups H and E (P>0. 05). The difference was statistically significant among other groups (P<0. 01).?CONCLUSlON:The scarring area of filtration canal after glaucoma surgery is the major reason which lead to the failure of surgery. Qingguang'an effective group 2, Qingguang'an granules and MMC could reduced the scar tissue by restrained the elastic fiber, TlMP - 1 and increased the MMP-7. By observing the experimental results that both Qingguang'an effective group 2 and Qingguang'an granules could restrained the scarring area of filtration canal, the effects were unbiased, Qingguang'an granules group is better than effective group 2.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of peimine on excision repair cross-complementation 1 (ERCC1) mRNA and lung resistant protein (LRP) expressions in A549/cisplatin (DDP) multidrug resistance (MDR) cell line.

METHODSLung cancer A549/DDP cells were cultured in vitro.Cells at logarithmic growth phase were divided into 4 groups, i.e., the blank control group, the DDP group, the ligustrazine group (DDP+ligustrazine), the peimine group (DDP + peimine). After 48-h drug action, ERCC1 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR and LRP expression detected by cell immunofluorescence.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in expression levels of ERCC1 mRNA and LRP between the DDP group and the blank control group (P > 0.05). Compared with the DDP group, expression levels of ERCC1 mRNA and LRP obviously decreased in the ligustrazine group and the peimine group (P < 0.05). They were obviously lower in the peimine group than in the ligustrazine group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPeimine could reverse MDR of A549/DDP cell line. Its mechanism might be associated with down-regulating ERCC1 mRNA and LRP expression levels.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cevanes ; pharmacology ; Cisplatin ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Down-Regulation ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Endonucleases ; genetics ; Humans ; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 ; genetics ; Lung Neoplasms ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

Adult ; Atropine ; therapeutic use ; Bronchodilator Agents ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Hemofiltration ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; Poisoning ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome