Objective To seek for the differentially-expressed proteins in patients with kidney-yin deficiency syndrome and to screen out the specific proteins,so as to provide evidence for the establishment of objective standard of kidney deficiency syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Methods Five patients with typical kidney-yin deficiency syndrome and 6 normal healthy volunteers were enrolled into the study.Plasma proteins in both groups were detected by antibody chip,and then the plasma proteins profile was compared and analyzed.Results A total of 25 differentially-expressed proteins between kidney-yin deficiency group and normal control group were found,of which 2 were up-regulated and 23 were down-regulated.Conclusion The differentially-expressed proteins in patients with kidney-yin deficiency syndrome are mainly related to immune disorder,protein biosynthesis,metabolism,oxidative stress,cell apoptosis,signal transduction,and so on.

Objective To further prove the multipotentiality of rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by inducing it into cardiomyocytes with 5-azacytidine. Methods MSCs from rabbit were abstracted, isolated, cultured. Then MSCs were induced by 5-azacytidine in vitro for 24 hours. After cultured for 4 weeks, MSCs’ differentiation was studied by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy technique. Results Some of MSCs induced by 5-azacytidine expressed troponinT . Electron microscopy showed myofilaments. Conclusion MSCs which exist in bone marrow are mutipotential stem cells, and they can be induced into cardiomyocytes by 5-azacytidine in vitro.

It was the first time that the complotypes of 84 chromosomes from Han nationality healthyChinese families investigated and analyzed in Guangdong are a with the methods adopted fromthe international complement reference laboratory.The results showed 18 various complolypeswere identified.The precedent complotypes are SC31,SC42,SC32 and SC41.There were 7 com-potypes of them existing the linkage disequilibria.The highest allotypes gene frequencies of thefour loci of complotypes were respectively as follows,BF S for BF alleles,C2C for C2 alleles,C4A3 and C4A4 for C4A alleles,C4B2 and C4B1 for C4B alleles.The C4AQO allele for C4A lo-cus was 4.8% and 1.2%C4BQO alleles for C4B locus.The frequencies of major complolypesfrom the data showed the similarities among Mongolian,Caucasian,Japanese and south easternAsia populations.The significance of the different frepuencies between the complotypes has beendiscussed.

SCID mouse-human leukemia model is an important and useful tool for study on proliferation, differentiation and modulation of leukemic cells. In this article, the establishment of the model, advances in research and application in studies of pathogenesis, cell biology, clinical diagnosis, therapy and assessment of prognosis of leukemia patients are reviewed. The limitations of the model are also commented.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Leukemia ; therapy ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Research Design

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of superficial temporal artery(STA)pressure-guided selective cerebral perfusion(SCP)during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest(DHCA)in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery.Methods Ninety-six patients of both sexes,aged 35-64 yr,with body mass index of 19-23kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅲ or Ⅳ,undergoing aortic arch surgery,were divided into STA pressure group(group A)and clinical experience group(group B)using a random number table,with 48 patients in each group.In group A,STA catheterization was performed after tracheal intubation,and arterial pressure was monitored.SCP flow was adjusted to maintain the target value of STA pressure between 30 and 40mmHg during DHCA in group A.SCP flow rate was set at 5-10ml·kg-1·min-1 according to clinical experience in group B.The volume of fluid perfused during SCP,emergence time,extubation time and duration of intensive care unit stay were recorded.Neurological function was evaluated during length of hospitalization after surgery,and the development of permanent and transient neurological dysfunction and mortality in hospital were recorded.Results Compared with group B,the volume of fluid perfused during SCP was significantly decreased,the emergence time,extubation time and duration of intensive care unit stay were shortened,the incidence of permanent and transient neurological dysfunction(2% and 4%,respectively)was decreased(P < 0.05),and no significant change was found in the mortality rate in hospital in group A(P>0.05).Conclusion Maintaining STA pressure at 30-40mmHg is a reliable method for guiding SCP during DHCA in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery.

BACKGROUNDStent thrombosis is one of severe complications after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation. Rapamycin (sirolimus) promotes arterial thrombosis in in vivo studies. However, the underlying molecular and transcriptional mechanisms of this adverse effect have not been thoroughly investigated. This study was designed to examine the effects of rapamycin on the expression of the gene, Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), and its transcriptional targets in mice.

METHODSMice were randomly divided into four groups: the control group (intraperitoneal injection with 2.5% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) only), rapamycin group (intraperitoneal injection with 2 mg/kg of rapamycin only), Ad-LacZ + rapamycin group (carotid arterial incubation with Ad-LacZ plus intraperitoneal injection with 2 mg/kg of rapamycin 10 days later), and Ad-KLF2 + rapamycin group (carotid arterial incubation with Ad-KLF2 plus intraperitoneal injection with 2 mg/kg rapamycin 10 days later). The carotid arterial thrombosis formation was induced by FeCl3 and the time of arterial thrombosis was determined. Finally, the RNA and protein of carotid arteries were extracted for KLF2, tissue factor (TF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), thrombomodulin (TM) mRNA and protein analysis.

RESULTSCompared with controls, treatment with rapamycin inhibited KLF2, eNOS and TM mRNA and protein expression, and enhanced TF and PAI-1 mRNA and protein expression, and shortened time to thrombotic occlusion from (1282 ± 347) seconds to (715 ± 120) seconds (P < 0.01) in vivo. Overexpression of KLF2 strongly reversed rapamycin-induced effects on KLF2, eNOS, TM, TF and PAI-1 expression. KLF2 overexpression increased the time to thrombotic occlusion to control levels in vivo.

CONCLUSIONSRapamycin induced an inhibition of KLF2 expression and an imbalance of anti- and pro-thrombotic gene expression, which promoted arterial thrombosis in vivo. Overexpression of KLF2 increased KLF2 expression and reversed time to thrombosis in vivo.

Animals ; Carotid Arteries ; metabolism ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; adverse effects ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors ; analysis ; genetics ; physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; physiology ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; physiology ; Sirolimus ; pharmacology ; Thrombomodulin ; physiology ; Thrombosis ; chemically induced

In vivo tumor imaging technique method based on bioluminescence principle was established to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel mixed micelle (PMM). MDA-MB-231 tumor cells with luciferase reporter vectors were firstly implanted into nude mice, and subsequently the luciferase substrate was regularly injected during intraperitoneal administration of PMM. Then the tumor size, growth and the intensity of light signals were monitored with in vivo imaging technique. The method of luciferase tumor in vivo imaging could be real-time, reliable and exact in labeling and reflecting the growth of tumors, and the observed results were consistent with that by conventional method, so it would be a feasible approach to study anti-tumor effect of drugs. The anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel mixed micelle was observed by this method, and the results showed that this formulation could inhibit growth of tumor, and the anti-tumor rate of it was about 85%.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Humans ; Luminescent Measurements ; Male ; Melanoma, Experimental ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Nude ; Micelles ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Particle Size ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects of acupuncture at Xuanzhong (GB 39) combined with Chinese herbs pyrogenic dressing therapy and common acupuncture on calcaneus spur.

METHODSA single-blind, randomized and controlled trial was adopted. Sixty-six cases were randomly divided into an observation group (n=34) and a common acupuncture group (n=32). The observation group was treated with acupuncture at Xuanzhong (GB 39) combined with Chinese herbs pyrogenic dressing therapy and the common acupuncture group with common acupuncture, Yanglingquan (GB 34), Kunlun (BL 60) etc. selected. The markedly effective rate and the changes of heel pain scores, heel swelling scores, heel burning sensation scores, and walking function scores were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe markedly effective rate of 64.7% (22/34) in the observation group was higher than 37.5% (12/32) in the common acupuncture group (P<0.05). After treatment, all the scores in the two groups were significantly improved as compared with before treatment (all P<0.05), and the observation group was better than the common acupuncture group (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe therapeutic effect of acupuncture at Xuanzhong (GB 39) combined with Chinese herbs pyrogenic dressing therapy on calcaneus spur is superior to that of common acupuncture.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Calcaneus ; drug effects ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteophyte ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the contributions of CYP2C19 polymorphisms to the various clopidogrel responses tested by thrombelastography (TEG) in Chinese patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

METHODSPatients were screened prospectively with ACS diagnose and were treated with clopidogrel and aspirin dual antiplatelet therapy. CYP2C19 loss of function (LOF) and gain of function (GOF) genotype, adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP)-channel platelet inhibition rate (PIR) tested by TEG and the occurrence of 3-month major adverse cardiovascular events and ischemic events were assessed in 116 patients.

RESULTSHigh on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) prevalence defined by PIR <30% by TEG in ADP-channel was 32.76% (38/116). With respect to the normal wild type, CYP2C19*2, and *3 LOF alleles, and *17 GOF alleles, patients were classified into three metabolism phenotypes: 41.38% were extensive metabolizers (EMs), 56.90% were intermediate metabolizers (IMs), and 1.72% were poor metabolizers (PMs). Of the enrolled patients, 31.47%, 5.17%, and 0.43%, respectively, were carriers of *2, *3, and *17 alleles. The HTPR incidence differed significantly according to CYP2C19 genotypes, accounting for 18.75%, 41.54%, and 100.00% in EMs, IMs, and PMs, respectively. Eighteen (17.24%) ischemic events occurred during the 3-month follow-up, and there was a significant difference in ischemic events between HTPR group and nonhigh on-treatment platelet reactivity group.

CONCLUSIONSGenetic CYP2C19 polymorphisms are relative to the inferior, the antiplatelet activity after clopidogrel admission and may increase the incidence of ischemic events in patients with ACS.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Aged ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Prospective Studies ; Thrombelastography ; Ticlopidine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism and serum lipid profile.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-restricted fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine ApoE genotype on 1452 subjects including 1101 cases with cardio cerebrovascular disease including 379 cases with cerebral infarction, 313 cases with cerebral hemorrhage, 257 cases with coronary heart disease, and 152 cases with other types and on 351 healthy controls.

RESULTSAfter adjusting for age, sex and BMI, the subjects with ApoE4 carriers had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and ApoB than those with ApoE2 carriers and ApoE3/3 (P < 0.05), and higher level of triglyceride(TG) than those with ApoE3/3 (P < 0.05), while the subjects with ApoE2 carriers had significantly higher levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) than those with ApoE4 (P < 0.05). The effects of ApoE polymorphism exhibited similarity in different sex and age of subjects. Linear regression analysis showed that unlike ApoE3/3, the HDL-C level in ApoE2 carriers tend upward with age (beta = 0.178, P = 0.015), significantly higher than ApoE4 carriers and ApoE3/3 in the cohort of 65-74 years (P < 0.05). The level of TC and TG in ApoE4 carriers had a tendency of downward with age (p = -0.179, P = 0.009; beta = -0.147, P = 0.032).

CONCLUSIONApoE gene polymorphism affected profile of blood lipids and the effects were found in different sex and age. The degrees of effects related to ApoE2 carriers and ApoE4 carriers to blood lipid level seemed to be related to age.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult