Objective To investigate the effects of rapid colloid and crystalloid infusions on the plasma concentration of propofol( Cp) during target-controlled infusion.Methods Thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to three interventions(12 patients per group).At least 30 min after the start of propofol infusion,the hydroxyethyl starch solution group(HES)received HES of 24 mL/(kg· h),on the former 20 min,the sodium acetate Ringer’s injection group(AR)received AR of 24 mL/(kg· h),while HES group and AR group of later 20 min and the control group of whole course received AR of 2 mL/(kg· h).The plasma concentrations of propofol were recorded per 2 min and a half.The cardiac outputting,blood volume and clearance of indocyanine green were measured by pulsed dye density analyzer,the effective hepatic blood flow( EHBF) were obtained.Results The varying of Cp with time showed a significant treatment factor(F[2,33] =14.14,P<0.001)and time factor(F[16,528] =10.37,P<0.001)and interaction between the above factors(F[32,528] =2.82,P <0.001) by ANOVA for repeated measurement;the difference of Cp among each group,Cp in HES group was significantly lower than AR group(5-40 min)or control group(10-40 min),with significant difference(P<0.05).The varying of EHBF with time showed a significant treatment factor(F[2,28] =3.68,P=0.038)and time factor(F[2,56] =5.37,P=0.007)and interaction between the above factors(F [4,56] =3.67,P=0.010);while there was no significant difference in other groups.Conclusion Rapid HES infusion increases the effective hepatic blood flow,resulting in a decrease of propofol concentration during target-controlled infusion.Rapid HES infusion should be used cautiously as it may decrease the depth of anesthesia.

Objective To observe the effect of restrictive transfusion in colon cancer surgery in elderly patients on postoperative VAP (ventilator-associated pneumonia). Methods Forty cases of elderly patients with colon cancer intending to undertake surgery were randomly divided into restrictive transfusion group (group R) and standard transfusion group (group S) with 20 cases in each group. In group R, patients were administered one third of accumulative fluid loss in the first 60 minute, then the infusion rate were 4 mL/(kg·h) and central venous pressure was maintained at 5 ~ 7 cmH2O. In group S, rate of fluid administration = CVE + deficit +maintenance + loss + third space. Blood gas index including lactic acid and volumes of fluid administered, blood loss, urine volume and thoracic fluid count (TFC) were recorded in the operation. Clinical pulmonary infection score(CPIS) was recorded respectively before operation, 1 day, 3 day, 7 day after operation to evaluate the risk of VAP. Results Compare with those in group S, there were significantly less TFC and intraoperative volumes of fluid administration in group R. The CPIS was significant lower at day1, day3, day7 after operation in group R. There was no significant difference in MAP, HR, CO and urine volume between two groups. Conclusions In colon cancer surgery for elderly patients, restrictive transfusion can maintain hemodynamic stability, ensure the tissue oxygenation, reduce conjunction edema, shorten the recovery and hospital stay and reduce the incidence of VAP.

Objective To investigate the eftect of VEGF gene transtection on endothelial progenitor cell derived from murine bone marrow.Methods Wistar rat's bone marrow was obtained, mononuclear cell isolated,and endothelial progenitor cells(EPS)were cultured in EGM-2MV.EPCs were identified by immunocytochemistry and electron microscope.EPCs were transfected by liposome mediated pcDNA3.0-hVEGF165.VEGF protein level was determined in the cultural medium supernatant after VEGF transfection by ELISA.Cultural medium supernatant was used to co-culture with ECV304,VEGF protein activity was evaluated by MTT.EPCs expression of vWF,VEGF,FLK-1 was detected by immunocytochemistry.Results EPCs were effectively enriched by EGM-2MV,and the EPCs obtained express the typical cell surface markers such as CD34,CD133,FLK-1.The concentration of VEGF protein in supernatant reaches 1280 pg/ml in the 7th day after pcDNA3.0-hVEGF transfection.No influence of EPCs proliferation could be found after transfeetion.The cell surface marker expression of VEGF,FLK-1, vWF became higher with time,and the ratios of positive cell were 88.52%,82.65% and 95.97% respectively.Conclusions pcDNA3.0-hVEGF165 transfeet EPCS mediated by liposome could excrete a high concentration of functional VEGF protein.It is helpful for EPC to maintain the characters of endothelial cell after VEGF gene transfection and differentiate to mature endothelial cell.

Objective To investigate the effects of antioxidant response element (ARE) activator- 5,6-dihydrocyclopenta[ C ]-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (CPDT) on organotypic spinal cord cultures and to study whether this activation can protect motor neurons from oxidative stress.Methods Organotypic spinal cord cultures were prepared using lumbar spinal cord slices from 8-day-old rat.Threo-hydroxyaspartate (THA) was continuously added into the culture medium for 3 weeks,which caused selective motor neuron death. Thus,the in vitro model of amyotrophic Lateral sclerosis (ALS) was established.15,30 ?mol/L of CPDT were added into the culture medium respectively.Ventral motor neurons survival was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody SMI-32,a nonphosphorylated neurofilament marker. Ultrastructure was observed with electronic microscope.Results The pretreatment of organotypic spinal cord cultures with different concentrations of CPDT significantly increase the total number of ventral motor neurons (15?mol/L:(15.81?6.97) perexplant;30?mol/L:(16.25?6.74) perexplant respectively) compared with THA group ((5.31?5.76) perexplant) and the former had plentiful neurite extensions (n= 15,P

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of butoconazole in human plasma. Human plasma samples of 0.2 μL were pretreated by a single step protein precipitation procedure and analyzed using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) electrospray tandem mass spectrometer system. The compounds were eluted isocratically on an Inertsil ODS-SP column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 3 μm), ionized using a positive ion atmospheric pressure electrospray ionization source and analyzed using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The ion transitions monitored were m/z 412.8→165.1 for butoconazole and m/z 453.4→230.3 for the internal standard. The chromatographic run time was 3.5 min per injection, with retention time of 2.47 min and 2.15 min for butoconazole and repaglinide, respectively. The method was validated to be linear over the range of 20 to 8000 pg/mL (r>0.999) by using a weighted (1/x(2)) quadratic regression. The mean recovery rate was more than 86.7%, and the intra- and inter-day precision of the quality control samples (QCs) was less than 8.3% and the accuracy ranged from 96.0% to 110.2%, which indicated that the quantitative method was reliable and accurate. The method is simple, rapid, and has been applied successfully to a pharmacokinetics study of butoconazole nitrate suppositories in healthy Chinese females.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the expression changes of cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the wound time following explosive injury to rabbit's chest. METHODS: The rabbit's model of explosive injury was established. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha in the plasma were detected by ELISA method at different wound time (0.5-12h). RESULTS: The level of IL-6 increased at 3h after wounding and reached peak at 6 h. The level of IL-8 increased at 1 h and reached peak at 6 h. The level of TNF-alpha increased at 0.5 h and reached peak at 3 h. CONCLUSION IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha have a time-related expression after explosive injury.
Animals ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Explosions ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Interleukin-8/metabolism* ; Rabbits ; Thoracic Injuries/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism*

AIM　To discuss the intraspecific relationship in Magnolia officinalis and the genuineness of Cortex Magnoliae officinalis, and to find some DNA characters of certified “Houpo”. METHODS　Thirty-three samples from eleven locations, which can represent most of the distribution of M.officinalis, were selected. The total DNA was extracted. Severty-four random primers were tried to get good amplification. RESULTS One hundred and sixteen bands amplified from seventeen primers, were clustered by NTSYS-pc software. Three branches were obtained. Some distinctive primers and bands, which represent certified species or fine breed, were obtained also. CONCLUSION　1) M.officinalis should be divided into three geographic clans instead of two subspecies or varieties, they are, a) typical officinalis, b) typical biloba and c) Middle type. This conclusion agrees with the leaf form and other characters. 2) The genetic difference between “Chuanpo” and “Wenpo” is evident and the difference is in correspondence with the quantities of their chemical constituents. So, the genetic difference is the main reason of the genuineness of Cortex Magnoliae officinalis. 3) These results may be used to establish DNA database for identification of Cortex Magnoliae officinalis.

Objective To explore the effect of biliary obstruction caused acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) on ultrastructure of gallbladder interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs),and the possible mechanism of impaired contraction of gallbladder smooth muscle. Methods Total 60 healthy adult guinea pigs were in this study. The guinea pigs AAC model was induced by common bile duct ligation (BDL). The guinea pigs were divided into five groups equally,including sham control group (Sham),BDL for 12 hours (BDL-12),24 hours (BDL-24),48 hours (BDL-48) and 72 hours (BDL-72)groups. The gallbladder specimens were collected by the end of study. Gallbladder pathological changes were observed with HE staining under light microscope. Three muscle strips were collected of each gallbladder,fixed in constant temperature water bath with different concentration of eight peptide cholecystokinin agonist (CCK-8,1010 mmol/L,10-9 mmol/L,10-8 mmol/L,10-7 mmol/L and 10-6mmol/L),acetylcholine (Ach,10-8 mmol/L,107 mmol/L,10-6 mmol/L,10-5 mmol/L,10-4 mmol/L)and potassium chloride (KC1) (60 mmol/L). The contraction activity of gallbladder muscle strips was recorded by tonotransducer. The ultrastracture changes of gallbladder ICC in sham,BDL-12 and BDL-72 groups was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Results There was no obvious inflammation in Sham and BDL-12 groups. Compared with sham group,there were significant differences of biology score of gallbladder in BDL-48 and BDL-72 groups (P＜0. 05). After adding CCK-8,Ach and KC1,the contraction amplitude of gallbladder muscle increased in each group,and in dose-dependent manner. Compared with sham group,the effect value of each other groups decreased significantly (P＜0. 05). Compared with sham group,the morphology of ICC changed in BDL-12group,and more obvious in BDL-72 group. Conclusion Biliary obstruction can induce AAC. At the earlier stage of ACC,the impaired contraction of gallbladder smooth muscle present even without gallbladder inflammation occurrence. ICC may play an important role in impaired contraction.

Objective To investigate self-management behaviors of kidney transplantation recipients after discharge.Methods A total of 97 kidney transplantation recipients were recruited from a teaching hospital of Peking University From September 2009 to June 2012,and all eligible subjects were then assigned to 3 groups:post-transplantation less than 6 months group (group A),post-transplantation 6-12 months group (group B),and post-transplantation more than 12 months group (group C).The subjects were required to complete self-management scale for renal transplant recipients.ANOVA was used for data analysis.Results There were 32 patients in group A,31 in group B,and 34 in group C.Self-management behavior score of the participants of the three groups was 100.1 ± 7.0,99.0 ± 7.3 and 91.3 ± 5.8,respectively (F =3.53,P =0.03).In terms of diet,group B got the highest score (F =16.41,P =0.00).However,group A showed excellence in physical activities (F =11.50,P =0.00).For three groups,score of drug effect and side effect was 2.00 ±0.00,2.03 ±0.18,and 2.41 ±0.50; score of routine laboratory values was 2.00 ±0.00,2.05 ± 0.16 and 2.82 ±0.39; and score of skin protection was 3.09 ±0.30,3.03 ± 0.91,and 2.85 ±0.36,respectively.Conclusions Post-transplantive self-management behavior of patients who completed the surgery for more than 12 months may not be better than others.Healthcare professionals need to improve patients' self-management through health education.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical effects and safety of small dose of octreotide for preventing hyperamylasemia and acute pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).METHODS:One hundred and twenty ERCP pa tients were selected from our hospital during Oct.2014-Jan.2015 and then divided in to observation group and control group in accordance with random number table,with 60 cases in each group.Both groups were given Diazepam tablet 10 mg+Meperidine hydrochloride tablet 100 mg+Phenobarbital scopolamine tablet 2 tablets 0.5 h before surgery for sedation and analgesia,and routine acid suppression and anti-infective therapy.Observation group was additionally given Octreotide acetate injection 0.1 mg hypodermically and then given Octreotide acetate injection 0.1 mg immediately after surgery,8 h after surgery.The levels of serum amylase and blood glucose were observed in 2 groups,and the occurrence of postoperative complication and ADR were recorded.RESULTS:Before operation,there was no statistical significance in the levels of serum amylase and blood glucose between 2 groups (P＞ 0.05).After operation,the level of serum amylase in control group was significantly higher than in observation group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in blood glucose level between 2 groups after operation (P＞0.05).The incidence of hyperamylasemia and ADR in observation group was significantly lower than in control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05),and there was no statistical significance in the incidence of acute pancreatitis between 2 groups after operation (P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Small dose of octreotide can effectively reduce the level of serum amylase and the incidence of hyperamylasemia after ERCP with good safety.