Objective To investigate the clinical value of bone scintigraphy for the diagnosis of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome. Methods The characteristics of SAPHO syndrome on 99Tcm-MDP imaging of 8 cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results The 99TcmMDP bone scan was positive for all patients. Seven cases were found lesions in the costoclavicular region, 3cases involved with unilateral sacroiliac joint, 2 cases involved with spine and 1 patient with extremity. Four lesions were found without relevant clinical symptoms. Conclusion Bone scintigraphy is useful for the diagnosis of SAPHO syndrome, especially for those lesions with no clinical symptoms.

Objective To discuss the characteristics,diagnosis,mechanism and the prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) induced by accessory pathway (AP).Methods The clinical,electrophysiological and echocardiographic characteristics in four cases,who were diagnosed as AP-induced DCM in the Department of Pediatric Cardiology of Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University from Mar.2011 to Aug.2012,were analyzed before and after ablation.Results The electrocardiograms of the 4 patients all indicated type B ventricular preexcitation.The locations of the APs were the right-sided anteroseptum and the free wall.Dyschronous contractions between posterior wall of left ventricle and interventricular septum were demonstrated by M-Mode echo.The basal segments of the interventricular septum turned thin and moved similar to an aneurysm,with typical bulging during end-systole,which was observed in all cases by two-dimension echo.Dyschronous left ventricular contraction was shown by speckle tracing technique.All patients received successful radio frequency current ablations.Their physical activities and growth improved greatly in the 4 cases.The echocardiographic data demonstrated that their left ventricular contraction recovered to synchrony shortly after the ablation,left ventricular ejection fraction recovered to normal and left ventricular end diastolic diameter decreased to almost normal gradually during the follow-up.Conclusions Overt right-sided APs localized in anteroseptum or free wall may have adverse effects on ventricular wall motion and left ventricular function.They can even result in DCM.Dyssynchronous ventricular contraction induced by right-sided overt accessory pathway may be the vital mechanism.AP-induced DCM is an indication for ablation with good prognosis.

Oral iron is a commonly used preparation for the treatment of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia in children, but its undesirable taste has become a major factor affecting clinical adherence to the medication. No studies have been conducted to evaluate the palatability of oral iron supplements. Thirteen representative oral iron supplements were selected to evaluate the palatability of oral iron supplements from different perspectives of in vivo and ex vivo by combining the electronic tongue (e-tongue) test, FaceReader facial expression analysis technology and taste interviews. E-tongue test results showed that iron dextran granlues were closest to odorless potassium chloride solution, basically free of bitterness and astringency, which was superior to the other products. FaceReader facial expression results showed that 58.7% of the subjects valued iron dextran granlues for their emotional efficacy higher than that of iron proteinsuccinylate oral solution. Among 43 participants aged ≥ 5 years, the taste preference for iron dextran granlues was 83.7%, and 83.7% of participants chose to take iron dextran granlues again. This study found that iron dextran granlues have a better taste and their flavor is more popular among children, which provides a reference for pediatric clinical use of oral iron supplementation preparations and a new idea for the evaluation of palatability of medications for children. This in vivo palatability evaluation is an investigational clinical trial that was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Beijing Children's Hospital (No. 2021-149-Y).

In the present study, the specifically knockdown models of P-gp or MRP2 were constructed by using a series of chemically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) in vitro. The expression of P-gp and MRP2 was measured by real-time PCR and Western blot, and the function was evaluated by applying P-gp and MRP2 substrate, rhodamine and methotrexate. The results showed that MRP2 siRNA-3 or P-gp siRNA-2 significantly decreased the mRNA expression of MRP2 or P-gp, the inhibition ratio was 68% or 84%; MRP2 siRNA-3 or P-gp siRNA-2 at a dose of 80 nmol x L(-1) significantly reduced the protein expression of MRP2 or P-gp at 48 h after treatment, the inhibition ratio was 62% or 70%. Meanwhile, other transporters were not influenced by siRNA. When pretreatment with MRP2 siRNA-3 or P-gp siRNA-2, the efflux of methotrexate or rhodamine decreased significantly and the intra-cellular concentration increased. The results suggested that chemically synthesized siRNA could significantly inhibit the expression and function of MRP2 and P-gp, and the model of RNAi in vitro could be used to evaluate the role of efflux transporters in transportation of drugs.
ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; genetics ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective:To study the influence of morphine on the expression of nestin in the ependymal epithelia,central gray and hippocampal formations in mice.Methods:Twenty health mice were evenly randomized into control group and experiment group.Mice in the control group were injected with normal saline(0.1 ml daily)and those in the experimental group were injected with morphine (0.1 ml,1 mg daily).Thirty days later,the mice brain samples were harvested and made into paraffin sections.Immumohistochemical ABC technique was used to observe the expression of nestin under light microscope.The images were analyzed with the image analytical system.Results:In the control group,the ependymal epithelia,the central gray,the periventricular gray substances and the hippocampal formations had weak expression of the nestin,with a mean gray scale of 150.98?13.31;there were 5 kinds of nestin-positive cells:(1) the basal cells of ependymal epithelium,(2)cells distributed in the periventricular gray substance and the deep lamella of central gray, (3)cells distributed in the superficial lamella of central gray,the subiculum,the parahippocampal gyrus and the cortex inⅡ,Ⅲlayers of the entorhinal area,(4)cells frequently seen in the rectum of midbrain and the subiculum,and(5)cells distributed in the tectum of midhrain,the hippocampus,gyrus dentatus,parahippocampal gyrus and the cortex in V layer of the entorhinal area;the density of nestin in the subiculum and entorhinal area was(7.20?1.23)mm~2.In the experiment group,the ependymal epithelia,the central gray,the periventricular gray substances and the hippocampal formations had positive expression of the nestin,with the mean gray scale being 133.03?22.28;the density of the above-mentioned 5 kinds of cells increased;the density of nestin in the subiculum and entorhinal area was(10.50?1.43)mm~2.The mean value of gray scale and nestin-positive neurons were significantly different between the 2 groups (P

AIMTo identify the main metabolites of hydrochloride 4-methyl-piperazine-1-carbodithioc acid 3-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-propyl ester (TM208) in rats.

METHODSRat feces, urine and plasma samples were collected after ig 500 mg x kg(-1) TM208, then the samples were extracted and concentrated using ethyl acetate. The treated samples were analyzed by HPLC-ESI/ITMSn. The structures of metabolites were elucidated according to the rules of drug metabolism and disposition in vivo and the characteristic fragmentation behaviors of TM208 in ESI-ITMSn.

RESULTSEight phase I metabolites were identified existing in rat feces, five of them were also found in rat urine and plasma, but no phase II metabolite was found.

CONCLUSIONThe HPLC-ESI/ITMSn method is rapid, highly sensitive and specific and it is suitable for the identification of TM208 and its metabolites in rats.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; blood ; metabolism ; urine ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Feces ; chemistry ; Male ; Molecular Structure ; Piperazines ; blood ; metabolism ; urine ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods

Questionnaire survey was conducted among thirty traditional Chinese pharmaceutical companies nationwide. We studied the following factors and how they impose the significance on the culture of big brands, namely, the policies, the access to market, the specialty of the product, the foundation of research, the market, the salesmanship, the resource insurance of product and the security. And these could be referred when the enterprises cultivate the big brands. The findings show that interviewees and different firms hold various opinions on the factors of culture of the big brands. The policies and the access to market always attract the most attention for the enterprises, and whether the product is classified into the catalogue of health insurance or into the basic medicinal directory plays a pivotal role in the development of big brand. The uniqueness of the product can be regarded as a natural advantage, the construction of team of academic experts is more and more emphasized on the development of the product, and the security of the product deserves increasing attention.
Administrative Personnel ; Drug Industry ; economics ; organization & administration ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; economics ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development

Aim To ascertain whether defibrase has the protective effect against reperfusion injury after cerebral ischemia.Methods 70 renovascular hypertensive rats(RHR) were randomly divided into defibrase group, control group and sham-operated group.Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) models were produced by the modified. Longa's method,and reperfusion was begun 2 hours after occlusion.Rats in the defibrase group were given defibrase 10 U?kg-1 body weight via femonal intraveneous injection, and in the control group with the same amount of saline. The brain pieces were processed by TTC and HE staining and the infarct size,brain microvessels damage and secondary bleeding were compared between the two groups. Results The volume of infarction in the defibrase group was obviously smaller than in the control group, the damage of brain microvessels was less severe, and the bleeding lesions under optical microscope were less than in the control group. Conclusion Defibrase has protective effect against reperfusion injury post cerebral ischemia.

In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetics parameters of SPIO-shRNA dual functional molecular probe and observed the main organ distribution by MRI in vivo. Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups and injected intravenously with different doses of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe, respectively. The blood samples were collected to analyze the pharmacokinetic parameters by measuring the iron content at 30 minutes before and after the injection. Twenty-four Kun Ming (KM) mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group was injected intravenously with physiological saline 200 µL per mouse via the tail vein, the other 3 groups were injected intravenously with different doses of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe. MRI observation was performed in 24 hours, and the liver, spleen, kidney, brain and muscle were collected for iron quantification with Prussian blue staining to determine distribution of the SPIO-shRNA molecular probe in the main organ in vivo. Our results suggest that the molecular probe blood half-life is more than 3 hours. The data of MRI suggest the probe was distributed in liver and spleen, and the MRI signal was reduced with the increase in probe's doses (P < 0.05). The results of Prussian blue staining confirmed the results of MRI. Most of the probe could escape the phagocytosis of mononuclear phagocyte system. Our data provide the pharmacokinetic and distribution of SPIO-shRNA molecular probe in organs. Meanwhile, it suggests the choice of the time and dose of probe for MR imaging of tumor in vivo.
Animals ; Half-Life ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Mice ; Molecular Probes ; pharmacokinetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; chemistry ; Rabbits

AIMTo introduce a new device and catheter to be determining cardiac output through cor sinistrum with thermodilution.

METHODSOwn control was introduced in eight dogs. A pulmonary thermodilution catheter was used through the cor dextrum of the dogs; The new-design catheter was used through artery, and there were two situs to fix:its ahead in left atrium and the ahead near to aortic root. Determine cardiac output (CO) under four circumstances: controlled respiration, apnoea, in controlled hypotension, after controlled hypotension.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference among the parameters (CO and cardiac index) of all circumstances. The CO determined by the pulmonary thermodilution catheter and those by the new-design catheter in two situs were positive correlation, and the gamma were 0.986, 0.989; likewise, the cardiac index (CI) was positive correlation, and the gamma were 0.983, 0.985. The CO and CI by the new-design catheter between two situs were positive, and the gamma were 0.992, 0.988.

CONCLUSIONThe parameters by the new-design catheter and those by the pulmonary thermodilution catheter were concordant. In comparison with the pulmonary thermodilution catheter, the new-design catheter had simple device and could be easily operated.

Animals ; Cardiac Output ; physiology ; Catheterization, Swan-Ganz ; instrumentation ; Dogs ; Thermodilution ; methods