1.Evolution of Facial Measurement Technology and Its Prospects with the Development of Artificial Intelligence
Medical Journal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital 2024;15(6):1242-1252
Facial anthropometry has profound importance in clinical diagnosis and the recognition of abnormal facial features. With the development of anthropometry, facial anthropometry has emerged as an independent research field and is widely applied in disciplines such as plastic surgery and cranio-maxillofacial surgery. This paper reviews the evolution of facial anthropometry and discusses its future trends in the context of artificial intelligence (AI). Currently, 3D facial imaging technology can accurately capture and reconstruct the three-dimensional morphology of facial soft tissues, and enhance the precision and objectivity of measurements, thus becoming the new "gold standard" for facial anthropometry. It not only provides reference for disease diagnosis and surgical planning but also plays a crucial role in evaluating cosmetic outcomes and aging research. In recent years, AI technology has developed rapidly, enabling direct recognition of abnormal facial features. Although facial recognition systems based on two-dimensional images are relatively mature, they have to struggle to fully capture facial features as they are limited by the dimensionality of information. While three-dimensional image-based recognition boasts high accuracy, it faces challenges in the recognition and classification of abnormal facial features due to limitations in the number of training samples. The integration of AI and facial anthropometry has effectively promoted automatic recognition technology for facial landmarks, thus providing more precise and interpretable methods for assessing disease-related facial features. Future research should focus on building reliable three-dimensional facial databases to further improve the accuracy of facial recognition. Additionally, developing facial recognition systems based on small sample sizes is necessary to provide robust support for the recognition of facial features associated with rare and special diseases.
2.Clinical value and pathological basis of peritumoral hyperenhanced rim of renal cell carcinomas on contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Long LIU ; Lianfang DU ; Xiao JIA
Chinese Journal of Interventional Imaging and Therapy 2011;08(5):384-389
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value and pathological basis of peritumoral hyperenhanced rim (PHR) of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) on CEUS.MethodsCEUS images of 53 patients with 54 renal tumors (27 RCCs,27 renal angiomyolipomas) were analyzed,and the detection and distribution of PHR were evaluated.HE staining and immunohistochemistry of CD34 were performed in tissue surrounding RCCs (TSR) to observe distribution of psuedocapsule,large vessels,and microvasculars among TSR with different modes of PHR.ResultsPHR was found only in RCCs.PHR distribution between RCCs and angiomyolipomas was statistically different (P<0.05).Using PHR to diagnose RCC,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,false positive and false negative was 44.44% (12/27),100% (27/27),100% (12/12),64.29% (27/42),0 (0/27) and 35.71% (15/42),respectively.Pseudocapsule distribution between RCCs with PHR and RCCs without PHR was not statistically different (P> 0.05).There were rich large blood vessels in TSR with PHR in washin and both phases,and few or thimbleful large vessels were found in TSR without PHR in washout phase.Cancer tissue near the boundary (CTNB) of TSR had the highest microvessel density (MVD).MVD differences in different TSR with PHR were statistically different between washin and washout phases,washin and both phases,both phases with PHR and without PHR (P<0.05),but no statistical difference was found between washout and both phases (P>0.05).ConclusionPHR is a highly specific complementary indicator in diagnosing RCC,and it is correlated with rich blood vessels in TSR and (or) a higher MVD value in CTNB.
4.Clinical characteristics and therapeutic effect of open globe injury
Mei-Lin, LIU ; Xiao-Long, CHEN
International Eye Science 2016;16(6):1199-1202
? AIM: To analyze clinical characteristics and postoperative outcomes after open globe injury.?METHODS: Demographic characteristics ( age, gender, eye trauma, profession, cause of injury and injured part ) , as well as complications and prognosis were analyzed in 152 cases (152 eyes) of open globe injury.? RESULTS: Patients with open globe injury had an average age of 40. 45±38. 32 years old with a 5. 9:1 male-to-female gender ratio. The left-to-right eye ratio was 1. 27:1. Most patients were workers, farmers, or retired. The most common etiologies were scratches, boxing, and falls. Zone Ⅲ was the most commonly injured part. Iridoptosis or iris incarceration, retinal detachment, vitreal prolapse, hyphema or hypopyon, and vitreous hemorrhage were the most common complications. Visual acuity improved in 86 cases postoperatively but ophthalmectomy was still required in 25 eyes.?CONCLUSION: Vision can be improved after surgery in open globe injury. However, patients are usually seriously injured and improvement is minimal, thereby resulting in a great loss to patients and society.
6.Standardization of HER2 testing in gastric cancer.
Xiao-yu LONG ; Hong BU ; Jian-ping LIU
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2011;40(9):645-648
7.Analysis of length of service with dust exposure in 56,546 patients with pneumoconiosis in Hunan province.
Yun-long XIAO ; Ran-zi JIANG ; Min LIU
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2010;28(11):838-839
Age of Onset
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China
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epidemiology
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Dust
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Humans
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Occupational Exposure
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analysis
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Pneumoconiosis
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epidemiology
8.Metabolomics Study on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Different Chinese Medical Syndromes.
Jun-jie MA ; Xiao-long WANG ; Hui-ping LIU
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2015;35(6):659-663
OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between Chinese medical syndrome types and metabolomics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
METHODSTotally 120 NSCLC patients were assigned to asthenia syndrome group and sthenia syndrome group, 60 in each group. Meanwhile, 60 cases of benign pulmonary nodules in physical examinations were recruited as the control group. Tumor tissues or benign pulmonary nodules tissues were obtained by thoracoscope. Changes of their metabolites were observed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Their differences were studied using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). ROC curve analysis was performed in different metabolic compounds of sthenia and asthenia syndromes groups. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the sensitivity of diagnosing syndrome types.
RESULTSCompared with the control group, difference existed in 16 compounds. Of them , contents of citric acid, pyruvic acid, alanine, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, linoleic acid, oleic acid, lactic acid, inositol were more in the two tumors group than in the control group. Difference existed in 10 compounds between the sthenia syndrome group and the asthenia syndrome group. Of them, citric acid, pyruvic acid, alanine, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, lactic acid, and inositol were more in the asthenia syndrome group than in the sthenia syndrome group. Contents of valine, glucose, and glutamine were more in the sthenia syndrome group than in the asthenia syndrome group. ROC curve analyses of different compounds indicated that AUC of lactic acid and glucose was more than 0.8 (P < 0.01); AUC of inositol, choline phosphate, and glycerol phosphate choline was more than 0.7 (P < 0.01); AUC of valine, citric acid, glutamine, alanine, and pyruvic acid was more than 0.6 (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONSThere existed certain correlation between CM syndrome types and metabolomics of lung cancer. Lactic acid, glucose, inositol, choline phosphate, glycerol phosphate choline, valine, citric acid, glutamine, alanine, pyruvic acid were sensitive diagnostic compounds, and the first four kinds were most sensitive compounds.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Metabolomics ; methods ; Principal Component Analysis ; Pyruvic Acid
10.Application of RNA Secondary Structure in Phylogenetic Analysis of Microbiology
Yang LIU ; Xiao-Long CUI ; Wen-Jun LI ; Qian PENG ;
Microbiology 1992;0(02):-
Attention was gradually paid by biologists to the using of RNA secondary structure in the classification of microbiology and phylogenetic relationship analysis in recent years. The development around the research was summarized here briefly. And more emphasis was given to the part introducing the application of RNA secondary structure to the analysis of phylogenetic relationship.