Based on the lethal rate, positive and negative mutation rate, the optimal doses of UV, HNO2, UV + AO treating S. hygroscopicus NND-52-29 were determined. The mutant strain A19 that was obtained showed the derepres-sive property to glucose and the nigericin yield of A19 could be increased by 128%. When it was subcultured combined with natural screening, its stability was rather satisfied.

Objective To evaluate transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for the resection of rectal neoplasms. Methods In order to analyze the therapeutic effect of TEM in the management of rectal tumors, clinical data of 110 patients with rectal neoplasms treated by TEM between April 2006 and August 2009 were summarized and analyzed retrospectively. Result The mean diameter of rectal lesions was 1.7±0.8 (range, 0.5 ～5.5)cm. The average distance of lesions from the anal verge was 7.4 ±2.6(range, 4 ～20) cm. 40 lesions were located at the anterior wall of the rectum, 29 on the posterior wall,22 on the left wall and 19 on the right. Surgical procedures included the transmural excision (98 cases) and the submucosal excision with partial muscular layer excision (12 cases). The average operating time was 73.5 ±31.1 (range, 25 ～180) min. The mean operative blood loss was 10.8 ±7.8 (range, 3 ～60) ml.The postoperative pathological examination identified 41 rectal adenomas、 35 rectal adenocarcinomas or carcinomatous changes of adenomas (21 Tis, 6 T1, and 8 T2 cases), 14 rectal carcinoids, 1 stromal tumor、1 leiomyoma and 18 cases of inflammatory polyps or others. Surgical margins of all specimens were negative.Postoperative complications included 2 cases of anal hemorrhage, one case of pulmonary infection and one urinary infection with a postoperative morbidity of 3.6%. The average postoperative stay was 3.4 ± 1.3( range, 2 ～ 8 ) d. With a mean follow-up period of 12. 5 (3 ～ 40) months, no tumor recurrence or metastasis was found. Conclusions TEM shows advantages of decreased blood loss, good therapeutic effect, and fast recovery of the patients, which can be adopted as the choice of therapy for small and well confined rectal neoplasms.

Objective To observe the localization and expression of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF),c-Met and Caspase-3 in pulmonary arterioles during the formation process of pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) induced by left to right shunt in rats,and explore the effect of HGF and c-Met in the formative process of PAH.Methods Eighty male SD rats(aged 4-5 weeks) were randomly divided into control group and shunt group(40 each).Rats in shunt group underwent right common carotid artery-external jugular vein shunt with cannulation to reproduce PAH model of left to right shunt,and animals in control group only received sham operation.Pulmonary hemodynamic and pathologic examination were performed 4,8,12 and 16 weeks after operation in both groups,while the expression of HGF,c-Met and Caspase-3 proteins in pulmonary arterioles were determined by immunohistochemisty at the above time points.Results Pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PASP),mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP) and the ratio of pulmonary to systemic circulation flow(Qp/Qs) were obviously increased in rats with A-V shunt compared with controls at all time points after operation(P

Objective To investigate the gene-expression profile in kidney of rats during late sepsis (24hours) by using microarray technology in order to offer some clue to revealing the pathogenetic mechanism of sepsis at gene level. Method A total of 30 Wistar rats were selected and divided into model group and control group randomly(random number). The rats of control group were sham operated and the rats of model group received cecal ligature and puncture (CLP) operation. The biomarkers of renal function were assayed and the histopathological changes of kidney in rats were observed under transmission electron microscope 24 hours after operation. Gene chips containing 22 107 rat-genes cDNA were used to exmine gene-expression in kidney of septic rats to sieve the genes with different expressions with software. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 11.0 software package.Statistical analyses of two independent samples carried out by using t -test. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) of sepsis group were higher (P ＜ 0.01 ). The histopathological changes in kidney of rats demonstrated the establishment of sepsis model successful 24 hours later.Compared with the control group, there were 325 genes with differential expression in model group. Among the known-functional genes, there were 100 up-regulated and 64 down-regulated. Sorted by biological function, the genes were mainly related to metabolism, immunoresponse, cellular signal transduction, apoptosis, ion channel,growth factor and so on. Conclusions A sequence of genes expressed differentially in kidney of rats with late sepsis. Microarray technology played an important role in the research into sepsis mechanisms.

China ; Humans ; Occupational Health Services

Cryptococcosis ; complications ; Eosinophilia ; etiology ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia ; pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male

Objective To investigate the causes and outcome of different treatment methods of iatrogenic rectovaginal fistula. Methods Clinical data of 52 patients with iatrogenic rectovaginal fistula were analyzed retrospectively. Results Twenty-two fistulae occurred after gynecological operation (42.3%), fourteen after obstetric injury (26.9%), thirteen after colorectal operation (25.0%) and three due to miscellaneous causes (5.8%). The fistulae were located in the lower rectum in 27 cases(51.9%), mid rectum in 10 cases(19.2%) and upper rectum in 15 cases(28.9%). They were treated by non-surgical treatment in 9 cases(17.3%), permanent diverting stoma(loop transverse colostomy) in 8 cases(15.4%), and surgical repair by various approaches in 35 cases(67.3%). The fistulae of all nine patients who received non-surgical treatment failed to heal. Eight patients who received permanent diverting stoma had symptomatic improvement without fistula healing. The overall cure rate of surgical repairs in 35 cases was 77.1%(27/35). The cure rates of trans-sphincteric (Mason′s operation), transanal, transabdominal, transperineal and transvaginal approaches were 100%(8/8), 100%(2/2), 83.3%(5/6), 0%(0/1) and 66.7%(12/18), respectively. The cure rate of Mason′s operation for the mid and lower rectovaginal fistulae was higher than that of transvaginal approach (100% vs 66.7%). Conclusions Iatrogenic rectovaginal fistula is caused by obstetric injury or injury of rectovaginal septum due to surgical mismanagement. Surgical repair is the only method that can cure rectovaginal fistulae. Mason′s operation is a favorable treatment method for the mid and lower (especially mid) rectovaginal fistulae.

Oral sustained- and controlled-release drug delivery systems of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are a research hotspot in the development of drug-delivery systems for TCM. The quality evaluation system is an important guarantee for the safety and efficiency of these drug-delivery systems. In this paper the methods to construct such quality evaluation system were discussed.

Animals ; Benchmarking ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level ; Risk Assessment ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Toxicology ; methods