Objective:To evaluate the effect of emodin on acute rejection after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) in rats.Methods:The LEW→BN OLT models were established.A total of 45 rats were divided randomly and equally into 3 groups:group A was treated with normal saline at dose of 0.5 ml/d intraperitoneally from 1st day to 8th day after operation;Group B,CsA at dose of 10.0 mg?kg-1?d-1;Group C,emodin at dose of 50.0 mg?kg-1?d-1.8 days after operation,6 recipients of each groups were killed for confirming rejection-active index(RAI) and hepatocellular apoptosis index(AI) by observing the pathologic change of transplanted liver in recipients.The other recipients were raised for observing the survival time.Results:Respectively,the survival time(days) of group A,B,C was 9.50?1.64,21.57?2.15,21.29?2.21.The survival time of group B,C was significantly longer than that of group A(P0.05).Respectively,the RAI of group A,B,C was 7.67?0.9,5.17?0.40,5.83?0.75 and the AI of group A,B,C was 35.83?2.32,15.83?1.33,16.50?2.35.The RAI and AI of group B,C was significantly lower than that of group A(P0.05).Conclusion:Emodin can reduce the hepatocellular apoptosis and suppress the acute rejection after OLT in rats.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of low molecular weight heparin calcium (LMWHC) combined Compound Danshen Injection (DI) on nephrotic syndrome patients with early onset severe preeclampsia.

METHODSTotally 80 nephrotic syndrome patients with early onset severe pre-eclampsia were randomly assigned to four groups voluntarily, i.e., Group A (22 cases, treated by magnesium sulfate), B (19 cases, treated by magnesium sulfate plus LMWHC), C (21 cases, magnesium sulfate plus DI), D (18 cases, magnesium sulfate plus LMWHC and DI). Umbilical arterial S/D ratios, amniotic fluid index (AFI), prolonged gestational age, placenta weight, neonatal weight, and Apgar score were compared among the four groups.

RESULTSCompared with before treatment in the same group, umbilical arterial S/D ratios decreased in the four groups (P <0. 05). AFI decreased in Group A, while it increased in Group B, C, and D (P<0. 05). Compared with Group A at the same time point, umbilical arterial S/D ratios decreased, and AFI increased in Group B, C, and D (P <0. 01 , P <0. 05). Prolonged gestational age and neonatal weight were increased in Group B, C, and D (P <0. 01, P <0. 05). Placenta weight were increased in Group B and D (P <0. 05). Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min were improved in Group D (P <0. 05). Compared with Group B and C at the same time point, umbilical arterial S/D ratios decreased, and AFI increased in Group D (P<0. 05). Compared with Group B, prolonged gestational age and placenta weight were decreased in Group C, but prolonged gestational age and placenta weight were increased in Group D (P <0.05). Compared with Group C, prolonged gestational age, placenta weight, and neonatal weight were increased in Group D (P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of nephrotic syndrome patients with early onset severe pre-eclampsia by LMWHC combined DI could prolong gestational ages, obviously improve prenatal outcomes, with better effect obtained than using any of them alone.

Calcium ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Magnesium Sulfate ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Phenanthrolines ; Pre-Eclampsia ; drug therapy ; Pregnancy ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects of two different circumcision procedures with the Shang Ring and compare their advantages and disadvantages.

METHODSA total of 527 adult males with phimosis or redundant prepuce underwent Shang Ring circumcision by conventional outward replacement (n = 254) and inward placement (n = 273), respectively. We observed the in-ring nocturnal pain, complications, ring-removal pain, degree of edema, recovery time, and patients' satisfaction after surgery, and compared them between the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with the conventional outward placement (5.9%) of the Shang Ring, the inward placement method showed the advantages of mild in-ring nocturnal pain, a low complication rate, significantly reduced ring-removal pain, and mild edema, but exhibited longer healing time.

CONCLUSIONIn Shang Ring circumcision for phimosis and redundant prepuce in adult males, each of the outward and inward placement methods has advantages and disadvantages of its own, but the latter is more advantageous and feasible.

Adult ; Circumcision, Male ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; Edema ; etiology ; Foreskin ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Pain, Postoperative ; Patient Satisfaction ; Penile Diseases ; etiology ; Penis ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Prostheses and Implants ; Wound Healing

To provide accurate information on geographic distribution of crude drug Sailonggu in the plateau, we identified zokor species (Eospalax spp.) in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using molecular methods. Based on the mitochondrial cytochrome B (cytb) gene sequences, we then extracted haplotypes from these sequences and reconstructed phylogenetic trees for the haplotypes using both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. Based on the trees, the species of each sample were determined. Five hundred and three samples from 35 populations were sequenced and their whole cytb sequences (1140 bp) were obtained. From these sequences 150 haplotypes were detected, in which, 126 were Eospalax baileyi, 20 were E. cansus, and 4 were E. smithi of the 35 populations, 28 were E. baileyi type, 5 were E. cansus type, and the remaining 2 were mixed of E. baileyi + E. cansus (DT2) and E. baileyi + E. smithi (ZN3). The results showed that, the regions around the Qinghai lake and near the upper stream of Yellow River started at Guide could be viewed as the producing area of authentic Sailonggu, and also, the cytb gene is a powerful molecular marker to determine the species of zokors as well as for the authentication of geographic distribution of Sailonggu.
Animals ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; Haplotypes ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Phylogeny ; Rodentia ; classification ; genetics

Andrographis paniculata from different parts and origins were analyzed by UPLC-PDA fingerprint to provide refererice for related preparation technology. Using the peak of andrographolide as reference, 27 common peaks were identified, and digitized UPLC-PDA fingerprints for 23 batches of andrographis paniculata were established in this research. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out after feature extraction. The contents of andrographolide, neoandrographolide, deoxyandrographolide, dehydroandrographolide were determined by external standard method. The Plackett-Burman design combined with pareto chart was used to analyze the factors influencing the robustness of the method. It was found that the medicinal part has a more remarkable influence on the quality of andrographis paniculata than the origin. The contents of the 4 lactones the differ greatly in the different parts of andrographis paniculata, and the pH of the mobile phase is an important factor that influenced the robustness of the method.
Andrographis ; chemistry ; Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Diterpenes ; analysis ; Drug Stability ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Principal Component Analysis ; Tetrahydronaphthalenes ; analysis

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment on the protein expression of c-fos in fastigial nucleus (FN) and lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) in rats with acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), and to explore the role and mechanism of FN and LHA in EA at the Heart Meridian fighting against acute MIRI reaction. Methods: Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, an EA-Heart Meridian group and an EA-Lung Meridian group, with 14 rats in each group; an LHA lesion plus EA-Heart Meridian group (LHA+EA-Heart Meridian group) and a FN lesion plus EA-Heart Meridian group (FN+EA-Heart Meridian group), with 7 rats in each group. Except the sham operation group, the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery was ligated to establish acute MIRI rat models in the other 5 groups. In the three groups with EA-Heart Meridian treatment, Shenmen (HT 7) and Tongli (HT 5) were selected; Taiyuan (LU 9) and Lieque (LU 7) were selected in the EA-Lung Meridian group. All the EA groups received EA stimulation prior to modeling, with 1 mA in current intensity and 2 Hz in frequency, 20 min each time, once a day for a total of 7 d. The sham operation group and the model group did not receive EA stimulation. The electrocardiogram was observed in the rats to analyze the ST-segment deviation and cardiac arrhythmia score. The expression of c-fos protein in FN and LHA was detected by immunohistochemistry method. Results: Compared with the sham operation group, the ST-segment deviation, cardiac arrhythmia score and the expression of c-fos protein in the FN and LHA increased significantly in the model group (all P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the ST-segment deviation, cardiac arrhythmia score and the expression of c-fos protein in FN and LHA decreased significantly in the EA-Heart Meridian group (all P<0.05). Compared with the EA-Heart Meridian group, the ST-segment deviation and cardiac arrhythmia score increased significantly in the EA-Lung Meridian group, LHA+EA-Heart Meridian group and FN+EA-Heart Meridian group (all P<0.05); the expression of c-fos in FN increased significantly in the EA-Lung Meridian group and LHA+EA-Heart Meridian group (both P<0.05); the expression of c-fos in LHA increased significantly in the EA-Lung Meridian group and FN+EA-Heart Meridian group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: FN and LHA are involved in the mechanism of EA at Heart Meridian to improve the acute MIRI reactions, and the cerebellum may participate in the improvement of cardiac function by EA through the cerebellum-hypothalamus projection.

Objective To study the influence of obesity on outcome of rehabilitation for the hemiplegic post stroke. Methods 118 hospitalized stroke patients were divided into the normal weight, overweight and obesity groups according to the Body Mass Index. All the patients received rehabilitation for 12 weeks. They were assessed with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and after rehabilitation. Results The scores of NIHSS, FMA, BBS and MBI improved significantly after rehabilitation in all the groups (P<0.001), and improved the lest in the obesity group in the scores of NIHSS, BBS and MBI (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in FMA score among groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Obesity influences the outcome of rehabilitation, results in poor functioning.

The poor survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) compromises the efficacy of stem cell therapy.Growth factor deprivation is one of the important factors that have challenged the survival of donor MSCs in cell therapy.In this study,the aim was to evaluate the effect of serum deprivation on the cell death of MSCs and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.Apoptosis of MSCs was evaluated with Hoechst 33342/PI staining.Signaling pathways involved in serum-deprivation induced apoptosis were analyzed using Western blotting.The results revealed that serum deprivation induced apoptosis in MSCs within 72 h of treatment.Serum deprivation was shown to lead to protein expression alterations in Bax,Bcl-2,casepase-3,casepase-8,GRP78,and CHOP during experiments.The data suggested that the mitochondria death pathway,the extrinsic apoptotic pathway and the endoplastic reticulum(ER) stress pathway were all involved in MSCs apoptosis.The increase in expression of CHOP and the simultaneous decrease in Bcl-2 expression suggest a synergistic effect in apoptosis induction in both the mitochondrion and the ER.

Objective To investigate the expression of neural-nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in renal clear cell carcinoma and its clinical significance.Methods The expression of nNOS mRNA in 533 samples of TCGA database was analyzed with Student t test,and statistical analysis was performed to assess the relationship between nNOS expression and clinical prognosis with Kapla-Meier test.Western blot analysis of nNOS protein expression in 10 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC) from department of urology of Wuhan union hospital with student t test.Results The mRNA levels of nNOS in 72 cases of ccRCC in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues and were 2.99 ± 0.28 and-1.57 ± 0.17,it is significantly lower than those in adjacent tissues (P ＜ 0.01).The mRNA levels of nNOS in 533 cases of ccRCC,in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues and were 2.99 ± 0.28 and-1.76 ± 0.05,it is significantly lower than those in adjacent tissues (P ＜ 0.01).A total of 533 sample studies showed a low correlation between nNOS expression and clinical T stage,T1-1.59 ±0.08,T2-1.96 ±0.13,T3-1.90 ±0.09,T4-2.38 ±0.28 (P =0.0029) and -1.63 ±0.06 and-2.16 ± 0.13 between non-metastasis and no-metastasis (P =0.0009),and-1.57 ± 0.08 and-2.03 ± 0.11 between non-recurrence and recurrence (P =0.008).Survival analysis showed that the overall survival time were (40.3 ± 5.6) months and (48.3 ± 5.7) months in lower and higher nNOS expression,and disease free survival time were (37.1 ± 2.1) months and (40.3 ± 5.6) months in lower and higher nNOS expression,both with shorter time in low expression of nNOS (P ＜ 0.01).nNOS proteins were 1.02 ± 0.16 and 0.61 ± 0.1 1 in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues with significantly lower expression(P＜0.05).Conclusions The mRNA and protein of nNOS are lower in ccRCC with a poor prognosis of ccRCC.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the protective effect of licoflavone on gastric mucosa in rats with chronic superficial gastritis and explore the possible mechanism.

METHODSSD rat models of chronic superficial gastritis was established by intragastric administration of 0.02% ammonia and long-term irregular diet. The rat models were then randomized into model group, vitacoenzyme group and 3 licoflavone groups of high, medium, and low doses. After 30 days of treatment, the gastric histopathology, mucosal lesions, scanning electron microscopy, mucin function production by the gastric mucosa epithelial cells, serum PGE(2) level and gastric microcirculation were assessed to evaluate the protective effect of licoflavone on gastric mucosa.

RESULTSCompared with normal control rats, the rat models of chronic superficial gastritis showed significantly higher gastric mucosal injury rate, histopathological scores and gastric mucin content. Licoflavone significantly ameliorated gastric pathology and increased serum PGE(2) level, enhanced acidic mucin secretion by the epithelial cells, and improved gastric microcirculation in the rat models.

CONCLUSIONLicoflavone feeding suppresses gastric mucosa injury, protects and restores the injured mucosa in rats with chronic superficial gastritis, and these effects are related with the up-regulation of serum PGE(2) level.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Dinoprostone ; blood ; Epithelial Cells ; secretion ; Female ; Flavones ; pharmacology ; Gastric Mucosa ; drug effects ; pathology ; Gastritis ; pathology ; Male ; Microcirculation ; Mucins ; secretion ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley