Atherosclerosis ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Stem Cells

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels in the treatment of neurological diseases have achieved some success, which can promote neurological alterations; however, there is no breakthrough on gene and drug regulation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of ginsenosides-induced differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels on nerve regeneration after traumatic brain injury. METHODS: A traumatic brain injury model was built in rats using hydraulic shock method, and then rat models were randomly divided into model group (traumatic brain injury group), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group, ginsenosides group (ginsenosides induced differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels). At 2 weeks after transplantation, western blot assay was used to detect protein expression levels of nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, immunohistochemistry assay used to detect the number of BrdU-positive cels. At 1, 3 days and 1, 2 weeks after transplantation, modified neurological severity scores were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression levels of nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein were significantly higher in the ginsenosides group than the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group and model group (P < 0.05). The number of BrdU positive nerve cels was also higher in the ginsenosides group than the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group and model group (P < 0.05). At 3 days and 1, 2 weeks after transplantation, the modified neurological severity scores in the ginsenosides group were lower than those in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel group and model group (P< 0.05). These findings indicate that ginsenoside-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation can promote nerve regeneration in rats with traumatic brain injury, which has better outcomes than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation alone.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels (BMSCs) can promote nerve regeneration, but there are no better results because of the limitations of treatment methods. BMSC transplantation alone is not enough to achieve desired therapeutic effects. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-modified BMSC transplantation on functional recovery and expression of glial fibrilary acidic protein after traumatic brain injury. METHODS:Animal models of traumatic brain injury were established in Sprague-Dawley rats using hydraulic shock method, and then randomized into control group (traumatic brain injury group), BMSC group and FGF-BMSC group (FGF-modified BMSC group). After isolation and culture, BMSCs were modified by adenovirus vector-mediated FGF gene. Western blot assay was used to detect transfection efficiency and glial fibrilary acidic protein expression; immunohistochemical detection was used to detect distribution and number of BrdU positive cels in the brain; Longa score was used to evaluate the neurologic function of rats at 1, 3 days, 1, 2 weeks after transplantation; TUNEL assay was used to detect cel apoptosis in the brain. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Western blot results showed that FGF gene was successfuly transferred to the adenovirus vector, and capable of expressing in BMSCs; moreover, the glial fibrilary acidic protein expression of FGF-BMSC group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The number of BrdU positive cels in the brain was significantly higher in the FGF-BMSC group than the other two groups (P < 0.05). Two weeks after transplantation, the Longa scores in the FGF-BMSC group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups (P < 0.05). TUNEL results showed that the number of apoptotic cels in the FGF-BMSC group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that FGF-modified BMSCs transplantation is able to improve neurological damage after traumatic brain injury and promote neurological recovery, which is better than BMSC transplantation alone.

Background The surgery for femtosecond laser created laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)flaps has made great progression recent year,but the postoperative corneal wound healing and regeneration of nerve fibers after surgery are closely concerned.Objective This study was to compare and analyze the clinical outcomes between FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser flap and mechanical microkeratome Hansatome flap in LASIK.Methods A prospective case-controlled study was designed.The serial 38 myopic eyes of 38 patients were included from March through July,2010 in Henan Armed Police Force General Hospital.The patients were randomized into FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser assisted flap group(20 patients/20 eyes)and mechanical microkeratome Hansatome assisted flap group(18 patients/18 eyes)with the matched age,gender and refraction of spherical equivalent.HRT Ⅲ examinations were performed before surgery,1 week,1 month and 3 months after surgery to compare the morphological changes atthe center and margin of the flaps,and evaluate the similarities and differences of cellular morphology after surgery between the two approaches.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to this medical trial.Results The best corrected visual acuity was ≥ 1.0 and the refract diopter was similar in both groups(+0.21 D±0.48 D and-0.04 D±0.54 D)1 month after LASIK.The corneal thickness was insignificant increased in the first week after LASIK,and the density of shallow stromal cells was decreased in 1 week,1 month and 3 months compared with pre-operation in the femtosecond laser assisted flap group(t =-27.99,-25.49,-28.87,P ＜ 0.01).In the Hansatome assisted flap group,significantly thickened corneal epithelium was seen in the first week after LASIK compared before LASIK(56.73 μm±2.47 μm versus 51.16 μm±1.11 μm)(t=9.29,P＜0.05),and the density of shallow stromal cells was decreased in 1 week,1 month and 3 months compared with pre-operation in the Hansatome assisted flap group(t =-17.57,-14.13,-19.63,P =0.00).The density of high reflective interface particles in cornea was lower in 1 week,1 month and 3 months after LASIK in the femtosecond laser assisted flap group than that in the Hansatome assisted flap group,showing significant differences between them(t =-13.505,-11.900,-14.084,P＜0.01).The active stromal cells were seen beneath the interface in both groups in the first week and gradually decreased after that time.Intact corneal nerve fibers were found in the femtosecond laser assisted flap group,but those in the Hansatome assisted flap group were shorter and smaller 3 months after LASIK.At 3 months after surgery,the flap margin showed stromal higher reflection and irregular secondary fibrosis in the femtosecond laser assisted flap group,and in contrast,the flap margin had the appearance of a unclearly identified fibrotic scar in the Hansatome assisted flap group.Conclusions Compared with the LASIK and Hansatome assisted flap,the LASIK with FEMTO LDV flap shows earlier nerve fiber regeneration and greater fibrotic scarring,which imply a good wound healing process in the LASIK with FEMTO LDV flap.

Objective To explored high-risk HPV genotyping PCR testing whether as a feasible means for the early screening of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Methods From January 2013 to June 2014, 15 192 outpatients in China-Japan Friendship Hospital voluntary were tested by high-risk type HPV genotyping PCR. The average age of them were (33±8) years old. High-risk HPV types genotyping PCR tested by fluorescence PCR technology,in which 13 kinds of high-risk HPV subtypes were detected,
including HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59 and 68. A total of 4 315 cases of them were tested by the liquid-based cytology (LCT), among them with positive of high-risk HPV genotyping tested by PCR (n=2 366) were biopsy under colposcope (648 cases) in those LCT results were positive or LCT negative but HPV16 positive or LCT negative but had the clear clinical symptoms or and non-HPV16 positive but with clear clinical symptoms. (1) Analysis high-risk HPV infection status of 15 192 women.(2)As the pathological diagnosis was the gold standard in the diagnosis of cervical lesions, analysis of the relationship among high-risk HPV infection,virus loads and cervical lesions. (3) To evaluated the value of high-risk HPV genotyping PCR tested method in screening of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Results ⑴ Of 15 192 cases tested by high-risk HPV genotyping PCR, 2 366 cases were HPV positive (HPV infection), the overall infection rate was 15.57%(2 366/15 192), in which a single subtype of HPV infection in 1 767 cases, infection rate was 11.63%(1 767/15 192), and multiple subtypes of HPV infection (two and more subtypes HPV infection) in 599 cases, infection rate was 3.94%(599/15 192). The HPV16, 52 and 58 infections were the most common HPV subtypes in 13 subtypes, the infection rate was 3.95% (600/15 192), 2.86%(435/15 192) and 2.67% (406/15 192), respectively. (2) The most relevant subtypes with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)Ⅱand even higher lesion were HPV16, 52 and 58, accounted for 57.7%(154/267) of all above CINⅡlesions. The most relevant subtype with the cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia (CGIN) Ⅱ or above lesions was HPV18, 3 cases with CGIN Ⅱ or above lesions were all single HPV18 infection. The pathologic examination positive percentage of patients which HPV virus loads≤103 copys/104 cells was 18.2%(25/137), while the pathologic examination positive proportion was 33.3%(247/742) which HPV virus loads≥104 copys/104 cells , there was statistically significant difference between them (χ2=27.06, P=0.000).(3)Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for detection of CINⅡ or above using HPV genotyping PCR were 96.11%, 85.76%, 30.94% and 99.70%, respectively. Conclusions There were a guiding significance for high-risk HPV genotyping PCR tested in screening of cervical cancer and precancerous lesion. HPV16, 52 and 58 were related to the severe cervical squamous epithelial lesions, while HPV18 was related to cervical severe glandular cell pathological changes. HPV genotyping is feasible and economical as the first choice of opportunistic screening in tertiary hospitals.

Objective To explore the clinical feature of severe enterovirus 71 (EV71) associated hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD),and genotype of EV71.Methods Fluorescent quantitation PCR was done for detecting EV71.RT-PCR was performed to amplify VP1 for sequencing and identifying genotype.A retrospective analysis was performed based on the clinical data of 15 cases with severe EV71 infection.Results EV71 nucleotide was positive in all 15 cases.The genotype of EV71 was C4.All cases had abnormal temperature and followed with nervous symptoms in the early stage.Average time was 1.26 days from onset to severe complications appearance.Eleven cases progressed to neurogenic pulmonary edema.Four cases accepted nasal continuous positive airway pressure.Eleven cases accepted oral trachea cannula mechanical ventilation.Except for 3 cases died,one case abandoned,others 11 cases were cured.Conclusion The isolated strains of EV71 in this study are all C4 genotype.All cases with severe EV71 infection were followed with nervous symptoms in the early stage,most of whom would progress to neurogenic pulmonary edema.The mortality would be cut down by using mechanical ventilation in early stage.

Background In recent years,with the contiunous progress of the refractive surgery,the operation skill of phakic intraocular lens(PIOL)implantation for correcting extreme high myopia,astigmatism,farsightedness have made greater progression,and its security,effectiveness in clinical attract much more attention. Objective This study was to evaluate the efficacy,safety and stability of Toric Implantable Collamer Lens(TICL)for extreme high myopic astigmatism. Methods This retrospective case series included 33 eyes of 27 patients from May 2008 to February 2009.A TICL was intraocularly implanted via a 3 mm clear corneal incision after paraocular anesthesia.Patients were examined preoperatively and followed-up at 1 day,1 week,1 month,3,6,12 and 18 months postoperatively.The examinations included uncorrected visual acuity,best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),slit lamp examination,refraction,intraocular pressure,endothelial cell morphometry,etc.The written informed consent was obtained from each patient before any medical procedure. Results The uncorrected visual acuity in 96.97% eyes was equal or improved after operation in comparison with BCVA of preoperation.The spherical refraction was within-1.00 D-+0.25 D.The cylinder refraction was within-1.00 D-0 D.The axial deviation of TICL within 10 degree was 93.94%(31/33).No significant differences were found in the intraocular pressure and endothelial cell morphometry between preoperation and postoperation(intraocular pressure:F=3.35,P=5.49;endothelial cell morphometry:t=1.835,P=0.082).The visual acuity and refraction were stable during the follow-up.Astigmatic axial rotation required surgical intervention on one eye.One eye occurred high intraocular pressure because of bigger TICL diameter.The intraocular pressure returned to normal after TICL was exchanged.No cataract occurred during the follow-up duration. Conclusion TICL implantation appears to be an effective,safe and reliable method for extreme high myopic astigmatism.

Objective To study the influence of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) on development of alveolar epithelial cell Ⅱ (AECⅡ) and expression of pulmonary surfactant protein B(SP-B) in premature rats.Methods Wistar rats at 19 days gestation were paunched to get embryo and primary AECⅡculture.The rats were divided into 4 groups ,VEGF-165 group,Dexamethasone group,VEGF and Dexamethason group,control group. AECⅡ and SP-B expression were measured by immunology histochemistry.Results SP-B had positive expression in VEGF group, Dexamethason group, VEGF and Dexamethason group. SP-B had negative expression in control group.Conclusion VEGF-165 can increase SP-B positive expression and secret of AECⅡ.VEGF promotes lung maturity.

Secondary metabolites are the result of that plant interaction with biological and non-biological factors in the long-term evolution process, and play an important role in plant growth, development and physiology. The effective components of medicinal plant are usually the secondary metabolites in plant cells, and the synthesis of them are affected by a variety of factors, such as environmental impact. Acquirement of the secondary metabolites via callus culture has the advantage of low cost and less environmental impact. The synthesis and accumulation of medicinal plant secondary metabolites are not only controlled by light, temperature and pH, but also infected by germplasm, plant growth regulator and elicitor. This article presents a review of the influencing factors, and provides a basis for further study and development.
Light ; Plant Growth Regulators ; metabolism ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; radiation effects ; Plants ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Temperature

Objective To study the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)on production of pulmonary surfactants.Method Fetal rat lungs were obtained at 19-day gestation.Primary culture of typeⅡalveolar epithelial cells(AECⅡ)was performed using IgG panning technique.The rats was divided into groups: VEGF,Dexamethasone,VEGF plus Dexamethasone and a control.Total phospholipids,phosphatidylcholine (PC),phosphatidyl glycerol(PG)and sphingornyelin(SM)were determined.Results expressed as mean?SEM. Comparison between groups were made with LSD-t test and one -way ANOVA.Result VEGF,Dexamethasone and VEGF plus Dexamethasone groups showed increased amount of total phospholipids and its compositions on the first day of culture.Conclusions VEGF-165 promotes the production and secretion of pulmonary surfactant. VEGF and Dexamethason may go through different mechanism for enhancement of synthesis of pulmonary surfactant,thereby improve biological function of AECⅡ.