Objective To study the effect of Schwann cell enclosed by antibody of neural cell adhesion molecule L1 on injured spinal cord. Methods Over 98% of the purity of Schwann cells obtained from bilateral sciatic nerves of 2 days newborn SD rats, the concentration of Schwann cells was about 2.5?104 /?l. The Schwann cells were enclosed by the antibody of neural cell adhesion molecule L1 using co-culture. The adult SD rats (weight 200-250 g) were used to establish the model of spinal cord injury by hemi-transection at the left side of T10 level. The animals were divided into three groups; the SC group was transplanted with 20 ?l suspension Schwann cells; the anti-L1 group with 20 ?l Schwann cells enclosed by antibody of neural cell adhesion molecule L1; and the control group was injected solely with normal saline to the injured cord. Eight weeks later regenerated neural axons were investigated through horseradish peroxiase HRP retrograde trace immunohistochemistry of neurofilament and Western blot. Results Few regenerated neural axons appeared in the control group; some of regenerated neural axons could be observed in anti-L1 group; plentiful and bulky regenerated neural axons were found in SC group. The group with antibody had significant less HRP positive neurons and neural axons than the group without antibody. Western blot showed that the quantity of neurofilament in the anti-L1 group was only two thirds of the SC group. Conclusion Schwann cell-derived neural cell adhesion molecule L1 is able to enhance the neural axon regeneration of injured spinal cord.

Background Optic neuritis is closely associated with multiple sclerosis (MS).Its pathogenesis is uncompletely clear,and less basic researches are carried out at home and abroad. Objective This study was to reveal the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) in the optic nerve of rat with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and to provide a theoretical evidence for the research of the relationship of optic neuritis with MS. Methods Fifty clean Wistar rats were randomized into the control group and immune 8,12,18 and 25 days groups.Myelencephalon was collected from 5 guinea pigs to prepare the homogenate and mixed with the isovolumetric complete Freud' s adjuvant (CFA).The 0.5 ml mixed antigen emulsifier was subcutancously injected into the 4 maps together with Bordetella pertussis 0.2 ml under the cutancous of dorsalis pedis at 0 and 48 hours to induce the EAE.Behavior of the rats was evaluated to score the neurological function.The optical nerve sections were prepared 8,12,18 and 25 days after immunology for the histopathological examination,and immunochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of MBP in optic nerve.The use of the animals complied with the Regulation for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission. Results The disorder of motor nerve was seen 12 days following the immune,and the clinical neural functional scores were significantly higher 12 day and peaked on 18 days myelination and then gradually reduced.The histopathological examination showed that the irregular alignment of neural fiber was found at 12 days,and changes of cellular structure,edema of neural shaft bunch were observed at 18 days.However,the abnormal cells were significantly less 25 days following the immune.Immunochemistry showed that the MBP was expressed mainly in the myelination of optic nerve fibers.The numbers of positive cells for MBP were (115.75±26.49)cells/5 fields at the 12th day,showing a significant lowing in comparison with (167.44±22.49)cells/5 fields of control group (t=4.537,P＜0.05 ).The positive cells were lest at the 18th day with the values ( 75.57 ± 34.54) cells/5 fields ( t =6.362,P＜0.01 ).At the 25th day,positive cells increased to ( 117.63 ± 13.78) cells/5 fields,which still was lower than those of the control group ( t =4.068,P＜0.05 ).Western blot assay illuminated that with the prolong of immune time,MBP/β-actin ratio in optic nerve was gradually reduced and followed the same pattern at the 12th day( t =4.639,P＜0.05 ).At 18 days after immune in comparison with the control group,the expression of MBP/β-actin ratio in optic nerve was the least (t=8.427,P＜0.01). Conclusions MBP can be degraded in rat optic nerve.This is a further evidence that optic neuritis is a severe demyelination disease.It is clearly related to MS.

Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a breakthrough in the field of hepatobiliary surgery.The remnant liver regeneration was stimulated during the first stage of the operation,and the radical resection of the tumor could be successfully carried out during the second stage of the operation.ALPPS is a new approach for patients with tumor which is previously considered unresectable during one hospital stay.In April 2014,a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the right liver and liver cirrhosis was admitted to the Southwest Hospital.Preoperative examination confirmed that the ratio of the remnant liver volume to the standard liver volume was 26.9％,which indicated that the patient was inappropriate to receive radical resection of HCC.Therefore,totally laparoscopic ALPPS was applied.In the first stage of the operation,the portal vein ligation associated with liver hanging tape placement and in situ splitting of liver were carried out after hanging the Glisson's pedicle under the laparoscope.Thirteen days after the first stage of the operation,the ratio of the remnant liver volume to the standard liver volume was 40.6％.The second stage of the operation was carried out 14 days after the first stage of the operation.The right hepatic pedicle and right hepatic vein were transected with a stapler.The tumor was removed after full mobilization of the right liver.The distance between the resection margin to the tumor was 1.5 cm.No complications were detected after the first stage of the operation,while the patient was complicated with pleural effusion after the second stage of the operation and was cured by pleural puncture and drainage.The patient was discharged at postoperative day 9 and followed up at postoperative month 1.The results of follow-up confirmed that the hepatic function was normal,and no mass occupying lesions and pleural effusion were detected.Totally laparoscopic ALPPS is safe and feasible with satisfactory short-term efficacy.

Objective To explore the effects of lycopene on interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression and motor function after spinal cord injury in rats. Methods 36 healthy adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (A), methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP) treatment group (B) and lycopene treatment group (C) with 12 rats in each group, and spinal cord injury model at T9 was established with modified Allen's technique (10 g×25 mm). 30 minutes after modeling, group A received no treatment, group B was injected MP 30 mg/ kg, group C was given lycopene 20 mg/kg. They were tested with inclined plate test 1 day, 3 days and 7 days after injury. The expression of IL-6 was examined with immunohistochemistry, then. Results The inclined plate test scores were higher in the group C than in the group A 1 day and 7 days after injury (P<0.05), and in the group B than in the group A 1 day, 3 days and 7 days after injury (P<0.05). The expression of IL-6 was significantly lower in the groups B and C than in the group A 1 day, 3 days, 7 days after injury (P<0.001). Conclusion Lycopene can inhibit the expression of IL-6 in acute spinal cord injury to reduce the inflammation and facilitate the recovery of nerve and motor function.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference of Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix before and after being processed with vinegar in the toxicity on rat small intestinal crypt epithelial cells IEC-6, and make a preliminary study on the mechanism of detoxication of Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix processed with vinegar.

METHODWith rat small intestinal crypt epithelial cells IEC-6 as the study object, the MTT method was adopted to detect the effect of Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix before and after being processed with vinegar on IEC-6 cell activity. The morphology of cells were observed by the inverted microscope. The down-regulated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway of enterocytes caused by the vinegar processing was analyzed by using the high content screening.

RESULTCompared with the negative control group, the proliferation inhibition experiment showed that Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix showed a relatively high intestinal cell toxicity (P < 0.01). The results of HCS analysis showed that Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix could significantly reduce the cell nucleus Hoechst fluorescence intensity and mitochondria membrane (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and increase Annexin V-FITC and PI fluorescence intensity and membrane permeability (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01). After being processed with vinegar, compared with Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix groups with different doses, Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix processed with vinegar could significantly decrease the cell proliferation inhibition effect on enterocytes, increase the cell nuclear Hoechst fluorescence intensity and mitochondria membrane (P < 0.05, P < 0.05), and decrease Annexin V-FITC and PI fluorescence intensity and membrane permeability (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and showed a certain dose-effect relationship.

CONCLUSIONThe vinegar processing can further reduce the toxicity of Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix on enterocytes. Its possible mechanism can decrease the effect of Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix on the permeability of IEC-6 cell membrane, so as to provide a basis for further explanation of the detoxication mechanism of Euphorbia Pekinensis Radix processed with vinegar.

Acetic Acid ; chemistry ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Euphorbia ; chemistry ; Intestine, Small ; cytology ; Rats

Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection (HAI)and antimicrobial use in a hospital in 2011-2013,and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of HAI.Methods HAI prevalence rates and antimicrobial use in a hospital in 2011-2013 were investigated by combination of bedside visiting and medical records reviewing.Results A total of 3 011 patients were investigated during three years,the prevalence rates were 3.49%, 2.87% and 3.98% respectively,difference of prevalence rates during three years were not significantly different (χ2 =2.105,P =0.356).Among HAI sites,lower respiratory tract ranked first,the major pathogens were gram-negative bacil-li,constituent ratios of different pathogens were not significantly different among three years(χ2 =1.003,P =0.972);anti-microbial usage rates and specimen detection rates among 3 years were both significantly different(χ2 =12.569,P <0.01;χ2=6.758,P <0.01,respectively),antimicrobial usage rate was highest in 2011(63.40%),and specimen detection rate was highest in 2012(62.14%).Conclusion Point prevalence rate in this hospital is at average national level,antimicrobial usage rate decreased, the consciousness of pathogenic detection gradually enhanced,clinical application management of antimicrobial agents still needs to be strengthened continuously.

Objective To observe the effect of intravesical chemotherapy in papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) urinary bladder after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-Bt). Methods 44 cases of PUNLMP confirmed by pathological examination from Jan 2004 to Dec 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical manifestation: 24 asymptomatic, 19 gross hematuria and 1 abdominal discomfort. All cases were treated by TUR-Bt and immediately administered by intravesical instillation of 40 mg HCPT once, then 32 cases (A group) underwent additional intravesical instillation of HCPT once, and 12 cases (B group) underwent instillation qw for 8 times. Results PUNLMP cases accouted for 2.28 %(44/1 926) of bladder neoplasms admitted during the same period. There were 32 males and 12 females. 39 patients had multiple tumors, and 5 had single. All of cases were followed up with the medial follow-up time of 82 months (16-136 months), only one case in B group recurred after 14 months, and postoperatively without pathological progression. The difference of recurrence rates between two groups had no statistical significance (P=0.273). Conclusions PUNLMP has low incidence rate and is more common among middle-aging males. Doctors should consider PUNLMP when patients with bladder neoplasm are asymptomatically detected. Immediate instillation combined with additional one postoperatively could reduce the recurrence rate of PUNLMP obviously with satisfying prognosis. However, maintenance instillation does not enhance effect.

Background and purpose:Ovarian cancer is associated with a high recurrence and mortality due to the existence of cancer stem cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of casticin (CAS) on the capability of self-renewal in ovarian cancer stem cell like cells (OCSLCs) derived from SKOV3 cell line. Methods:SKOV3 cell line cells were cultured in vitro, and OCSLCs were obtained and amplified through suspended culture with conditioned medium of the stem cells. The phosphorylation level of FoxO3a was analyzed using Western blot. The protein expression of FoxO3a was inhibited by FoxO3a speciifc siRNA transfection, and then the ratio of sphere-formation was detected. Results: Compared with parental cells, OCSLCs over-expressed phosphorylated FoxO3a (pFoxO3a) and had elevated ratio of sphere-formation [(3.1±0.3)% vs (34.8±6.8)%, P<0.05]. CAS significantly inhibited the capability of sphere-formation in OCSLCs and down-regulated the expression level of pFoxO3a. And the transfection of FoxO3a speciifc siRNA suppressed the protein expression of FoxO3a and attenuated the inhibitory effect of CAS on the sphere-formation of OCSLCs. Conclusion: Reduced expression level of pFoxO3a is involved in the effect that CAS inhibits sphere-formation of OCSLCs derived from SKOV3 cell line.

An analysis is made according to policy documents of localities on capitation payment, and by means of literature review and the analysis framework of the World Bank,this paper reviewed studied the following:definition of service package,per capita rate,designated institutions,design of financial regulations,and service supervision.Given the attempts made at localities,most of the schemes are incomplete in design,and defective in capitation measurement methods and dynamic adjustment mechanisms.The authors recommend a systematic design of the capitation payment scheme for better outcomes.

Objective To compare the cognitive function of children with behavior problems and normal children. Methods 87 children with behavior problems were choosed as study group,according to Rutter' s Children Behaviour Qestionnaire. And 87 normal children were choosed randomly as normal control. Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (C-WISC) ,Clinical Memory Scale (CMS) ,Number Cancellation Test (NCT) and the Forth Exceptional Test (FET) were adopted to assess the cognitive function of children in two groups. Results Compared with normal control, arithmetic scale ( ( 10.40 ± 3.02 ) vs ( 12. 13 ± 3.26 ) ), verbal IQ ( ( 121.55 ±12.54) vs ( 129.40 ± 13.98) ), object assembly scale ( ( 9.98 ± 2.79 ) vs ( 11.70 ± 2.78 ) ), performance IQ((97.40±10.84) vs ( 103.93 ±14.22)),full IQ ((112.28±11.14) vs (119.03 ± 12.57)),verbal comprehension IQ ( ( 110.48 ± 11.23 ) vs ( 115.80 ± 12.31 ) ), memory/concentration IQ ( ( 101.25 ± 11.66 ) vs ( 109.40 ± 15.45 ) ),the net scale ( (67.05 ± 33.85 ) vs ( 88.72 ± 22.51 ) ) and error rate( ( 32.27 ± 35.77 ) %vs ( 15.41 ± 10.35 ) % ) were lower in children with behavior problems ( all P ＜ 0.05 ). In study group, the total scale of Rutter' s Children Behaviour Qestionnaire was negatively correlated with memory/concentration IQ, and with net scale(r = - 0. 335, - 0. 367, P ＜ 0.05 );but it was positively correlated with error rate (r = 0. 333, P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Cognitive defects may exist in children with behavior problems.