Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of treating infantile diarrhea due to spleen deficiency with five-step pediatric tuina of Huxiang school. Methods:Using a randomized controlled trial design, sixty eligible kids with diarrhea due to spleen deficiency were randomized into an observation group and a control group, with 30 cases in each group. The observation group was intervened by the five-step pediatric tuina method of Huxiang school, and the control group received conventional tuina treatment. The intervention was conducted once a day, consecutive 5-day treatment as 1 course, at a 2-day interval between courses, successively for a total of 4 courses. Changes in the primary and secondary symptoms of diarrhea due to spleen deficiency were observed, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results: After treatment, the scores of primary and secondary symptoms and the general score of diarrhea due to spleen deficiency were improved; the improvements in fecal form and frequency, decreased appetite, bloating after meals and fatigue and sluggishness were more significant in the observation group than in the control group. Conclusion: The five-step pediatric tuina method of Huxiang school and conventional tuina both can improve the primary and secondary symptoms in infantile diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, while the former one can produce more significant efficacy.

Objective To explore the significance of surgical resection for the pineal region tumor,the extent of tumor resection,the surgical approaches and treatment measures of hydrocephalus.Methods Twentythree patients diagnosed of pineal region cancer were recruited for this study.Thirteen patients received ventriculo-peritoneal shunt(V-P),during which 7 cases received intraoperative end-plate colostomy.Two of the 13 cases received a second V-P procedure.Another 13 cases received operation by corpus callosum- septum-Dome Room-the third ventricle approach to remove the tumor; Eight cases underwent the tumor resection by suboccipital supratentorial approach (Poppen approach )and 2 cases underwent the tumor resection by the infratentorial cerebellar approach( Krause approach).Results Total tumor resection was performed in 11 cases,subtotal or major total resection in 8 cases and partial resection in 4 cases.Nine cases underwent postoperative radiotherapy alone,8 receiving radiotherapy plus chemotherapy,and 6 cases receiving neither radiotherapy nor chemotherapy.Two cases died during treatment.Conclusion Though it is not practicable to completely remove the germ cell tumor in patients with relatively large tumors,cerebrospinal fluid circulation pathways should be reestablished,including ventriculo-peritoneal shunt,colostomy from the end of the third ventricle to the end plate.If tumors are not too large,they would be easy to be removed.The effects on the surrounding brain tissue would not be much significant.If the connection of Ⅲ,V ventricles were normal,the patient may not need shunt or colostomy.Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be given to this kind of patients after the surgery.To improve the efficacy,other types of tumors,expecially the benign tumors,should be totally removed.

Objective To investigate the role of basophils in the imbalance of Th 1/Th2 response in mouse models of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA).Methods 4-6-weeks old C57/BL6 mice were immunized with collagen at multiple points on the back and foot twice (0 and 3 weeks) to establish a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis.Blood samples were collected before the first immunization and 1, 3, 6 and 9 weeks after immunization , and cells from lymph nodes were collected.Flow cytometry and ELISA were employed to detect the levels of basophils and IL-4, and the joint swelling was scored.Results Mouse model of CIA was successful established .The ratio of IL-4/IFN-γof the CIA group was significantly lower than that in the mice before CIA modeling and the control group , indicating a Th2-dominant response .At the same time, the peripheral basophils counting and percentage of IL-4 positive basophils of the CIA group were significantly higher than those of the control group .While, the IL-4/IFN-γratio of the CIA group was significantly higher than that of the control group , indicating a Th1-dominant response .The peripheral basophils counting of the CIA group was slightly lower than that of the control group .Conclusion Basophils may participate in the development of CIA in mouse models through affecting the imbalance of Th 1/Th2 response.

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and optimal condition of isolation,purification and expansion of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) derived from human umbilical cord blood in vtro.MethodsHuman umbilical cord blood(HUCB) was collected from full term deliveries scheduled,all samples were obtained sterilely with 20 U/ml preservative free heparin.The cord mononuclear cells were isolated with lymphocyte separation medium(density 1.077 g/ml),purified and expanded with MesencultTM medium and acidic environment to produce adherent layer.The surface antigen expression of MSCs was detected with flow cytometry.ResultsThe HUCB-derived mononuclear cells,when seeded in specific medium,gave rise to adherent cells,which exhibited either an osteoclast or mesenchymal-like phenotype.After passage 3,these cells were able to be purified and expanded.6.6×105 primary MSCs reached a number of 9.9×10<>sup8 after 10 expanded passage.Flow cytometry showed that MSCs did not express antigens CD34,CD11a and CD11b,but express strongly CD29 and weakly CD71,which was identical to human bone marrow-derived MSCs.ConclusionMSCs in HUCB can be cultured and expanded in vitro,and could be a source of stem cells for experimental and clinical application.

To investigate the feasibility to produce crocetin in tobacco plants.The coding region of zeaxanthin cleavage dioxygenase (CSzCD) gene from Crocus sativus L. was inserted into the downstream of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter of a binary vector pBI121, and integrated into the genome of Nicotiana tabacum L. Twenty-one transgenic lines were identified by genomic southern blotting analysis. Western blotting and HPLC analysis of the leaf extracts of transgenic tobacco showed that crocetin was produced in CSzCD gene-transformed plants, while no crocetin was found in the untransformed tobacco.

ALK negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK(-) ALCL) lacks the specific expression of ALK protein, although it also strongly expresses CD30 and resembles the morphologic characteristics of ALK positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK(+) ALCL). Recently, some new researches indicate that there exist molecular and genetic differences between these two types of ALCL. Moreover, the treatment response, prognosis, and long-term survival of ALK(-) ALCL are far worse than that of ALK(+) ALCL, such as ALK(-) ALCL is associated with older age persons, B group syndrome, disease advanced stage, high International Prognostic Index (IPI) and poor prognosis (< 49% 5-year survival). As a consequence, some new advances on basis (cell morphology and tissue pathology, immunophenotypes, cell genetics and molecular marker), diagnosis and treatment of ALK(-) ALCL are summarized in this review.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; classification ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; classification ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study molecular epidemiology of norovirus (NV) infections, stool specimens collected from children with acute diarrhea were tested by TaqMan real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the viral specific nucleic acid segments.

METHODSFecal samples from a total of 1260 children who had watery diarrhea seen from December 2006 to December 2007 in Guangzhou were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. The primers and probes used for rapid detection and typing of NV strain target NV sequences were at the ORF1-ORF2 junction, a highly conserved region of the NoV genome. The positive specimens were determined by nested PCR and sequenced.

RESULTSTotally 257 specimens were positive for NV with a positive rate of 20.40%. Shedding of NV type GI was detected in 6.90%, type GII in 16.98% respectively, while the positive number of mixed infection with GI and GII was 44. Of the NV strains that were cloned and sequenced, GI was GI-3, GI-2 and GI-4 detected in positive specimens respectively; meanwhile, GII-4 was most commonly seen in genome II, followed by GII-3 and GII-7. In addition, the average age of children infected with NV was less than 2 years. An epidemic occurred during the winter and early spring (December through the next March).

CONCLUSIONNV was one of the important pathogens for acute diarrhea among children in Guangzhou, which suggested GII-4 was the prevalent strain.

Caliciviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; epidemiology ; etiology ; virology ; Feces ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Norovirus ; classification ; genetics ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between plasma A-FABP and obesity type and degree,glucose and lipid metabolism parameters and insulin sensitivity.MethodsPlasma adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) was detected by double antibody sandwich ELISA in fasting status in subjects with normal glucose regulation and normal weight (NW-NGR,n =44),overweight or obese subjects with normal glucose regulation (OB-NGR,n =36),newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its subgroups of T2DM with normal weight ( NW-T2DM,n =89 ) and T2D)M with overweight or obesity (OB-T2DM,n =44).And glucose,lipids,insulin levels as well as anthropometrical parameters such as body mass index ( BMI ),fat content ( Fat％ ),waist circumference (WC) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were measured.Meanwhile insulin sensitivity was assessed by HOMA-IR.ResultsAfter age and sex adjustment,plasma A-FABP levels in OB-NGR,NW-T2DM,and OB-T2DM were significantly higher than that of NW-NGR [11.32(6.54 - 15.43)μg/L,14.60(10.35 -20.10) μg/L,18.25(12.85 -26.65) μg/L vs 9.32(3.72 - 14.00) μg/L,all P ＜0.05].There was no difference in plasma A-FABP levels between OB-NGR and NW-T2DM [ 11.32 (6.54 - 15.43 ) vs 14.60 ( 10.35 -20.10) μg/L,P ＞ 0.05 ],but the plasma A-FABP levels in OB-NGR and NW-T2DM were significantly lower than that of OB-T2DM [ 11.32(6.54 - 15.43) μg/L,14.60( 10.35 -20.10) μg/L vs 18.25( 12.85 -26.65 ) μg/L,P ＜0.01 ].In a multiple stepwise regression analysis,HOMA-IR,sex,WC and age were the most significant independent determinants for plasma A-FABP concentration (all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Plasma A-FABP is strongly associated with the abdominal obesity and insulin resistance,measurement of plasma A-FABP concentrations might be useful for diagnosis of abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetics.

The purpose of this study is to systematically investigate the characteristics of absorption and metabolism of oxymatrine (OMT) using rat intestinal perfusion model. Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI(+)-Q-TOF-MS) were used to test absorption of OMT in intestine at 100, 200 and 400 µmol · L(-1). The absorption rate and permeability of OMT is not dependent on concentration, but through passive absorption in intestine (P > 0.05). In the rat intestine, the absorbed amount of OMT was significantly different in four sections of the intestine in an order of duodenum > jejunum > ileum > colon (P < 0.05). OMT is metabolized into two metabolites in duodenum and jejunum, and matrine (MT) is the major one.
Alkaloids ; metabolism ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Quinolizines ; metabolism ; Rats ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

OBJECTIVEIBS-D rat model was established to assess the effect of Shen warming Pi strengthening method (SWPSM) for intervening diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) by observing rats' general state, stool properties, AWR ranking, and histopathological changes.

METHODSTotally 72 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, i.e. the normal group, the model group, the high, middle, low dose SWPSM groups, and the control group, 12 in each group. The IBS-D rat model was successfully established referring to AL-Chaer ED's modeling method. After modeling high, middle, and low dose SWPS Recipe boil-free granules were given by gastrogavage to rats in corresponding treatment groups. Sishen Pill boil-free granule was given by gastrogavage to those in the control group. Equal volume of normal saline was given by gastrogavage to rats in the model group. The medication lasted for 2 weeks. Rats' general state, stool properties, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) ranking, and histopathological changes were observed.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the general state of all rats got im- provement to various degrees. The improvement in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups were superior to that in the low dose SWPS Recipe group and the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the growth rate between after and before treatment in each group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group, the defecation amount within 4 h was less in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups and the control group (P < 0.05). The Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stool, ratio of dry stool and wet stool were lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group (P < 0.05). The AWR ranking score was lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group when the volume of balloon dilation was 1.5 mL. There was no organic change of histological or morphological observation.

CONCLUSIONSHigh sensitive IBS-D model was proved to be reliable. SWPSM could reduce the quantity of stools, lower Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stools as well as ratios of dry stool and wet stool, contributing to reducing the high sensitivity of rats' visceral organs to some extent.

Animals ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley