This paper reported a new method of Armillaria mellea isolation-Gastrodia elata tissue isolating. Compared with normal isolating method-rhizomorph isolating method, it showed that the success rate of new method (78% ) was higher than the rhizomorph isolating method (16% ) , besides this, the new method was easier, and growth characteristic of obtained strain was superior to that obtained from rhizomorph isolating method.

Objective To establish a rapid SNP( single-nucleotide polymorphism) genetic identification method for the frozen samples, such as frozen embryos and sperm of inbred mice.Methods In this study, the frozen embryos and sperm of inbred mice were provided by Shanghai Lab.Animal Research Center.Whole genome amplification and PCR-LDR genotyping system were used to get the rich DNA sample.Forty-five SNP were genotyped by multiple polymerase chain re-action and ligase detection reaction( PCR-LDR) .Results The electrophoresis results showed that the whole genome am-plification technique could highly increase the total DNA of frozen embryos.PCR-LDR typing method was suitable for the mouse genome typing of 45 SNPs.Ten strains of inbred frozen embryos and sperms of C57BL/6, BALB/c, FVB/NJ mice were genotyping identified, and their SNP loci data obtained by PCR-LDR were as the same as those of database.The num-ber of frozen mouse embryos was proportional to the number of SNPs detected, and when the embryo number reached more than 12, the detection rate of SNP was 100%.Conclusions This method can be used to the genetic quality identification, and rapidly identify the inbreed frozen mouse embryos and sperms.

Objective To investigate the effects of low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the supplementary motor area (SMA) of children with Tourette's syndrome (TS). Methods Thirty TS subjects less than 16 years old were treated with 1 Hz rTMS to the SMA at 110％ of the resting motor threshold (RMT) in 20 daily sessions,receiving 1200 pulses/day.Clinical assessment and physiological measures of the left and right RMT were conducted at different time points during the treatment. ResultsAfter 4 weeks of treatment,statistically significant reductions were observed in assessments with the Yale global tic severity scale (YGTSS) and in terms of clinical global impression (CGI).Symptomatic improvement was correlated with dramatic increases in both right and left RMTs. ConclusionApplication of 1 Hz rTMS to the SMA can improve the clinical symptoms of TS children.

Objective To investigate the incidence of heterotopic ossification in cervical artificial disc replacement in Chinese mainland population by meta-analysis.Methods The related literatures published between 1997 and June 2012 were collected from both English databases,including Pubmed,Ovid,Cochrane library and Embase,and Chinese databases including Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP database and Wanfang database.Literatures were selected in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Studies providing data of prevalence of heterotopic ossification after cervical artificial disc replacement in Chinese mainland population were included.The information of literatures was extracted by excerpts questionnaire,and recorded by two independent researchers.I2 was calculated to test heterogeneity among studies.A random effects model was used if I2 ≥25％.Subgroup analysis was done according to the number of levels of disc replacement,brands of implants and duration of follow-up.Sensitivity analysis was done according to the sample size.The Meta-Analyst software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of forty studies (1822 cases) were included in this study.The pooled incidence of heterotopic ossification was 7.3％ (95％CI:4.7％ to 11.0％).For single and mixed level disc replacement,the incidence was 11.6％ and 5.8％,respectively.For single and mixed level disc replacement using Bryan disc,the incidence was 13.8％ and 5.4％,respectively,and the total incidence was 7.2％.No matter the single or mixed level disc replacement,the incidence of heterotopic ossification increased with follow-up.Conclusion The incidence of heterotopic ossification in cervical artificial disc replacement is high in Chinese mainland population,while it is lower than in foreigners.However,it is necessary to monitor its long-term incidence due to its increase with follow-up.

OBJECTIVETo study the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and the possible etiology.

METHODSThe clinical manifestation, laboratory examination, treatment and outcome of a patient with refractory anemia with excess blasts after allo-HSCT were presented.

RESULTSHyperacute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was developed in the patient after allo-HSCT followed by severe hyponatraemia (lowest serum sodium 103.7 mmol/L), natriuresis, hypo-osmolality of plasma, hyper-osmolality of urine, coma and twitch at day 17 after allo-HSCT. SIADH was diagnosed. The clinical condition was improved after restriction of water and administration of hypertonic saline, but SIADH was not controlled completely. Afterwards, graft failure was developed. Hyperacute GVHD and graft rejection occurred again after the second transplant. The patient died of secondary infection.

CONCLUSIONSIADH after allo-HSCT is a rare fatal acute complication of central nervous system. Numerous transplant-related causes are probably associated with the development of SIADH. Early accurate diagnosis and treatment promptly is of great importance.

Adolescent ; Graft vs Host Disease ; prevention & control ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome ; etiology ; Male ; Transplantation Conditioning ; Transplantation, Homologous

Child ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Neoplasms ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Myxoma ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Neisseria lactamica ; Neisseriaceae Infections

Objective To explore changes of brain function among patients with partial epilepsy in resting state by using the blood oxygenation level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques.Methods fMRI scanning was performed in resting state among 60 patients with partial epilepsy and 60 gender,age and educational levels matched normal controls.The functional connectivity analysis was applied to calculate the default mode network ( DMN ) functional connectivity in resting-state fMRI.SPM5 was used to analyze differences in functional connectivity between the two groups( P ＜0.001,cluster ＞50).Results Left precuneus and adjacent posterior cingulate cortex ( Pcu/PCC),angular gyrus,and cingulate gyrus were involved in the DMN of epileptic patients.By contrast,the DMN of controls included left Pcu/PCC,right angular gyrus,bilateral medial frontal lobe and temporal lobe.Compared with normal controls,patients with partial epilepsy showed a significantly decrease in functional connectivity of DMN region such as left inferior parietal lobule,supramarginal gyrus,parahippocampa gyrus and superior temporal gyrus,and bilateral uncus,while no regions were found increased functional connectivity in patients group.Conclusions Patients with partial epilepsy show abnormal changes in functional connectivity of DMN in resting state by fMR],which may associate with the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy.The findings demonstrate that the resting-state fMRI might detect the extensive changes of brain function in partial epilepsy with negative results of conventional MRI,suggestive of fMRI as an effective and non-invasive method to explore brain function in epilepsy.

BACKGROUND:There are many studies concerning rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for immune tolerance following transplantation and tissue repair.However,there are no reports on umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(UCMSCs).OBJECTIVE:To establish a method of separating mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)from rat umbilical cord,and to study its biological characteristics.METHODS:MSCs were separated from rat umbilical cord with enzyme method and tissue mass method,and then incubated in DMEM-LG medium.Cell morphology was observed under an inverted microscope.Growth curves of cells were drawn using cell counting.Cell cycle and surface antigen were detected with flow cytometry.Adipogenic differentiation and osteogenic differentiation were tested by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Both of the two methods could obtain plenty of MSCs from rat umbilical cord.Primary culture showed that the efficiency of enzyme method was higher than tissue mass method.Passage time of the former was about 10 days and the latter was 14 days.The passage time of latter except primary culture was the same.Immunophenotype analysis showed that MSCs from rat umbilical cord expressed adhesion molecule and stromal cell markers,CD90 and CD106,but did not express hematopoietic cell markers,CD34 and CD45.In vitro induction test verified that rat UCMSCs have the potentials of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.

Small cell lung cancer is the most common primary neuroendocrine malignancy of the lung and is characterized by high malignant degree,rapid doubling time,easy metastasis in early stage and poor prognosis.Accurate staging of small cell lung cancer can formulate personalized therapeutic plans and improve the prognosis of patients.PET/CT can obtain metabolism and anatomical images of the whole body in one scan and improve the diagnostic accuracy and integrity.PET/CT has been widely applied to clinical practice now.PET/CT will play a more and more important role in diagnosis,staging,treatment and prognosis assessment of patients with small cell lung cancer.The value of PET/CT in staging and treatment of small cell lung cancer was reviewed in this article.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the functional outcomes of modified limited "L" incision beside the Achilles tendon with distraction bone block arthrodesis in treatment of subtalar osteoarthritis.

METHODSFrom March 2009 to September 2012, a total of 22 cases of old calcaneus fractures with subtalar osteoarthritis were treated with modified limited "L" incision and distraction bone block arthrodesis including 13 males and 9 females with a mean age of 35.3 years old (ranged 22 to 49). The mean time from calcaneal fracture was 21 months (ranged 11 to 32). According to the Stephens-Sanders classification, 16 cases were type II and 6 were type III. The modified-AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was used for functional outcomes evaluation.

RESULTSThere was one incision necrosis and no infection, implant failure, bone-graft absorbed or talus necrosis was note at the follow-up time. A total of 21 cases were followed up for a mean time of 29 months (ranged from 18 to 46 months). All of the cases reached a bony union within 4 months postoperation. The mean modified-AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was 82.6 points (ranged from 66 to 92 points),reached a significantly improvement in comparing with the mean preoperative score (50.8 points,ranged from 32 to 65 points, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe modified limited"L" incision beside the Achilles tendon with distraction bone block arthrodesis is an acceptable and alternative treatment method for subtalar osteoarthritis. This method is easy to use and with less complication. It can correct the main pathological changes and reach good functional outcomes.

Adult ; Arthrodesis ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; surgery ; Subtalar Joint ; surgery