This study was to investigate the chemical constituents from pseudobulbs of Pleione yunnanensis, one of the source of traditional Chinese medicine "Shancigu". The chemical constituents were isolated by various chromatography methods, including silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified from the EtOAc fraction of 90% ethanol extract, including five dihydrophenanthrenes, four bibenzyls, two triterpenoids, and three phenylacrylic acids. Their structures were identified on the basis of the spectral data as 4, 7-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (1), 4, 7-dihydroxy-1-(p-hydroxybenzyl)-2-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene (2), (2,3-trans)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) -3-hydroxymethyl-10-methoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-phenanthro[2,1-b]furan-7-ol (3), pleionesin B (4), blestriarene A (5), batatasin III (6), 3, 3'-dihydroxy-2-(p-hydroxybenzyl) -5-methoxybibenzyl (7), 3', 5-dihydroxy-2-(p-hydroxybenzyl) -3-methoxybibenzyl (8), 3,3'-dihydroxy-2,6-bis(4-hydroxybenzyl) -5-methoxybibenzyl (9), triphyllol (10), pholidotin (11), (E) -p-hydroxycinnamic acid (12), (E)-ferulic acid (13), and (E)-ferulic acid hexacosyl ester (14). Compounds 5,10-14 were separated from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

0.05).(2) Compared with NC group,there was a significant decrease in GG fatigue resistance in CIH group(P

Objective To analyze the influence of different factors and their relating correlation results on platelet transfusion during the bone marrow empty window period on the patients who have undergone allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with retrospective analysis of case-control data.Methods Clinical data of 153 cases were collected by the clinical blood management and evaluation information system with discharge diagnosis of allo-HSCT in the hematology department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University within a time frame from January 2014 to December 2016.A total of 90 cases were considered valid for retrospective analysis according to the case exclusion criteria.The average transfusion dose for patients with allo-HSCT during the bone marrow empty window period was defined as the threshold value which divided the 90 cases into the observation group of 38 cases receiving more than 6 Units of platelet transfusion and the control group of 52 cases with less than 6Units of platelet transfusion.The amount of platelets transfused during the bone marrow empty window period,clinical indexes include Hb,ANC,Plt,SF before pretreatment,platelet engraftment time and the number of mononuclear cells implanted were compared and analyzed by Logistic regression.Results (1) There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender,age,primary diagnosis,HLA matching,Hb before pretreatment and the number of mononuclear cells implanted (P＞0.05).The ANC(×109/L) (1.24±0.57 vs 3.36±1.33) and Plt(×109/L) (43.55±68.29 vs 126.62±84.73) counts before pretreatment in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).SF(μg/L) (2351.05 ± 1 587.96 vs 1 000.96± 362.97)before pretreatment and P LT recovery time (d) (16.84± 2.47 vs 12.73 ± 1.65)was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Donor-recipient ABO blood group typing incompatibility (15 vs 10) was significantly higher than the control group (P＜0.05);(2) Single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that ABO blood group matching,clinical indexes include ANC,Plt,SF before pretreatment,PLT recovery time were statistically significant,Only ANC before pretreatment and PLT recovery time had significant effect on the platelet transfusion during bone marrow empty window period in patients with allo-HSCT in multivariate Logistic regression analysis(P＜0.05).Condusion The ANC before pretreatment and PLT recovery time are independent factors for platelet transfusion of the bone marrow empty window period in patients with allo-HSCT.The PLT recovery time is an independent risk factor,which indicates that the longer the duration of PLT implantation,the greater the amount of platelet transfusion will be needed.Besides,the ANC before pretreatment is the independent protective factor,which indicates that the greater the ANC,the smaller the amount of platelet transfusion is required.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of seasons, blood types and semen parameters on the cryosurvival rate of frozen-thawed spermatozoa from sperm donors.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the influence of seasons, blood types, abstinence period, semen volume, sperm morphology, and pre-freeze sperm motility and concentration on the cryosurvival rate of frozen-thawed sperm in 4 088 semen samples from Shaanxi Human Sperm Bank.

RESULTSThe cryosurvival rate of the post-thaw sperm was correlated negatively with the progressive motility of the pre-freeze sperm (r = -0.262, P < 0.01), but positively with pre-freeze sperm concentration (r = 0.247, P < 0.01), and it was significantly higher in the 6-day abstinence group ([70.2 +/- 5.4]%) than in the other abstinence groups (P < 0.01), so was it in the normal sperm morphology rate > 20% group ([71.4 +/- 5.1]%) than in the others (P < 0.01). The survival rate of the post-thaw sperm was not correlated with seasons, blood types, and semen volume (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSperm motility, concentration and morphology and the abstinence period of sperm donors may be valuable predictors of the cryosurvival rate of post-thaw sperm, but no correlation was found between the survival rate and seasons, blood types and semen volume.

Adult ; Cryopreservation ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Semen Preservation ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; Young Adult

Fourteen compoumds were isolated from the ethyl acetate portion of the 95% ethanolic extract of Pleione bulbocodioides by a combination of various chromatographic techniques including silica gel, ODS, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC, of which ten compoumds were phenanthrenes and dihydrophenanthrenes, two compoumds were bibenzyls, one was lignan and a sterol. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic data as monbarbatain A(1), 2, 7, 2'-trihy-droxy-4, 4', 7'-trimethoxy-1, 1'- biphenanthrene(2), blestriarene A(3), pleionesin B(4), shanciol H(5), 17-hydroxy-7'-(4'-hy-droxy-3 '-methoxyphenyl)- 4-methoxy-9, 10, 7', 8'-tetrahydrophenanthro[2, 3-b]furan-8'-yl methyl acetate(6), 1-p-hydroxybenzyl-4-methoxy phenanthrene-2, 7-diol(7), 1-p-hydroxybenzyl-4-met-hoxy-9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene-2, 7-diol(8), hircinol(9), coelonin( 10), gigantol(11), batatasin 11 (12), syringaresinol(13) and ergosta4, 6, 8 ( 14) , 22-tetraen-3-one (14). Compounds 1-3, 9, 13 and 14 were isolated from this genus for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo analyze the fungal composition in Massa Medicata Fermentata based on culture dependent method and independent PCR-SSCP technique.

METHODFungi were directly isolated from Massa Medicata Fermentata samples. The obtained strains were identified according to morphology and DNA sequence. Meanwhile the total fungal DNA was extracted from Massa Medicata Fermentata samples, the cultural independent PCR-SSCP technique based on β-tubulin gene were used to identify the mycobiota.

RESULTAccording to cultural method, Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus oryzae were present in Massa Medicata Fermentata samples, while A. flavus and A. niger were present in fried Massa Medicata Fermentata samples. In contrast, 5 species were obtained by PCR-SSCP technique, A. flavus was overlapped with fungal taxa derived from culture dependent method; A. ambiguu and A. s ivoriensis were dominant with relative abundance of 57% and 35% respectively, while the relative abundance of A. flavus was as low as 4%. None species was obtained from fried Massa Medicata Fermentata samples.

CONCLUSIONPCR-SSCP based on β-tubulin gene could distinguish fungi into species, culture dependent method combined with culture independent method could better understand the fungal composition associated with Massa Medicata Fermentata fermentation.

Fermentation ; Fungi ; isolation & purification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Tubulin ; genetics

Objective To systematically evaluate the association between protein C and Legg -Calve -Perthes disease.Methods A literature research was performed through PubMed,Embase,Cochrane library,Web of Science,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Wan-fang Database from inception to February 201 6 on the association between protein C and Legg -Calve -Perthes disease.According to the Newcastle -Ottawa Scale(NOS)criteria,the quality of studies was evaluated and data were extracted.Meta -analysis was performed with Stata 1 1 .0 software.Results A total of 1 4 articles were included.Twelve articles on protein C and Legg -Calve -Perthes disease in the study group and the control group were compared.The results of Meta -analysis showed that there was no significant difference in protein C levels between the study group and the control group[odds radio(OR)=1 .41 ,95% confidence interval(CI)(0.87,2.28),P =0.1 47];five articles on protein C and the white race of Legg -Calve -Perthes disease between the study group and the control group were com-pared,The results of Meta -analysis showed that there was no significant difference in protein C levels between the whiteskin patients′group and the control group[OR =0.61 2,95%CI(1 .83,7.29),P =0.61 2];three articles on pro-tein C and the yellow race of Legg -Calve -Perthes disease between the study group and the control group were com-pared,and the results of Meta -analysis showed that there was no significant difference in protein C levels between the yellow skin patients group and the control group[OR =0.59,95%CI(0.05,6.72),P =0.080].Conclusion There is no significant correlation between protein C and Legg -Calve -Perthes disease.

The ergosterols were produced from corn straw hydrolysates fermented by ergosterol yeast,which was obtained from protoplast electrofusion.The effects on the yield of ergosterol were studied in the condition of shaker,such as initial sugar concentration,nitrogen source,pH value and fermentation time.The technical conditions were optimized according to the DPS center-united experimental design principles and the method of response surface analysis with four factors and three levels.The results indicated that the four factors had significant correlation to ergosterol accumulation.The biomass and the ergosterol content could be up to 8.67g/L and 2.37% respectively after cultivated for 32h under optimal technical condition.The structure of ergosterol crystal was characterized by UV,IR and SEM.A new approach of biomass source application was presented.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of ischemic postconditioning on the expression of rat myocardium matris metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and relationship between its expression and interstitium and the effect on left ventricular function.

METHODSTwenty-four rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 8): sham control (SC) group, ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) group and ischemic postconditioning (IPTC) group. The left ventricular peak systolic pressure and its derivate (+/- dp/dt) were calculated; The amount of myocardium collagenous were determined; The vitality of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) of plasma were detected; The activity of myocardium MMP-2 was measured by Western blot and RT-PCR.

RESULTSAs compared with I/R group, IPTC could lower the expression of MMP-2, ameliorate left ventricular function and increase the content of myocardium collagenous. In the meantime, the vitality of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of plasma were greatly enhanced and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) of plasma were reduced in IFC group.

CONCLUSIONProtective effect of IPIC on myocardium may be due to reduce free radical, lower expression of MMP-2 and protect myocardial interstitium. MMPs plays an important role in the myocardial protection provided by IPTC.

Animals ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; enzymology ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

AIMTo investigate the possible effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an active ingredient of a commonly used Chinese herb, on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine A (CsA) by intragastric administration in rats.

METHODSForty male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups by randomized block design according to weight. On the first day, after each fasting rat was intragastrically administered CsA (10 mg x kg(-1)), blood samples (0.2 - 0.25 mL) were collected from the tail vein at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h. From day 4 to day 8, each group began to undergo different pretreatments with intragastric administration of water, verapamil (Ver), low and high dose TMP, separately. On day 9, each group intragastrically co-administered CsA (10 mg x kg(-1)) and different pretreatment compounds mentioned above, then blood samples were collected according to the schedule of the first day. The whole blood concentration of CsA was determined by HPLC. Main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared by statistic analysis.

RESULTSIn the group of water pretreated and co-administrated with CsA, no significantly different pharmacokinetic parameters of CsA were found. After Ver pretreatment and co-administration with CsA, AUC(0-48 h) and C(max) were increased significantly (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05); T(1/2) beta and CL were markedly prolonged and decreased (P < 0.05); T(max) and V were not apparently influenced. After low dose TMP pretreatment and co-administration with CsA, there was no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic parameters of CsA, in spite of the increasing trends of AUC(0-48 h) and C(max). After high dose TMP pretreatment and co-administration with CsA, AUC(0-48 h) and C(max) of CsA were increased significantly (P < 0.01), but there was no significant change in other parameters.

CONCLUSIONIt was indicated that the high dose of TMP could apparently increase the intragastric absorption extent of CsA, while almost had no effect on its elimination process.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Cyclosporine ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Routes ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pyrazines ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stomach ; Verapamil ; pharmacology