Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hospital admission cases with chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020. Methods Data of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020 were collected through Guangdong Province Health Statistics Network Reporting System，and descriptive analysis was conducted. The seasonal characteristics of the number of hospitalized poisoning cases were analyzed by the concentration method，the seasonal index（SI）was calculated by the weighted annual ratio averaging method，and the spatial auto-correlation of regional poisoning trend was analyzed by the global and local spatial autocorrelation. Results From 2016 to 2020，the number of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province was 54 656，showing a general decreasing trend. The sex ratio（male to female）was 0.90 ∶1.00. The top three types of hospitalization rates were carbon monoxide poisoning，alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The main poisoning groups were students and children， farmers，workers and unemployed people，accounting for 31.74%，18.53%，13.91% and 10.39%，respectively. The 74.37% of poisoning cases were cured or improved and discharged，and the case fatality rate was 0.48%. The top three hospitalization rates in age group of 0-<5 years were organic solvent，metal and carbon monoxide poisoning. The hospitalization rate of carbon monoxide poisoning ranked the first among all age groups of ≥5 years. The top three regions with the highest average annual hospitalization rate were Shaoguan City （25.14/105 ），Qingyuan City （17.04/105 ） and Meizhou City （16.09/105 ）. Carbon monoxide poisoning had a strong seasonality（M=0.77），with high incidence months of January，February and December（SI were 3.60，3.08 and 2.48，respectively）. The inpatients with chemical poisoning showed non-random distribution and spatial correlation（all P<0.01），with a high-high clustering among 13 districts and counties in northern Guangdong（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The number of hospital admission cases of chemical poisoning showed an overall decreasing trend in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020. The main types of poisoning were carbon monoxide poisoning，alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The spatial distribution of chemical poisoning types showed spatial correlation and there were high-high clustering areas.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Boronic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Bortezomib ; Humans ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo reveal the quality variation of polysaccharides, triterpenoids and proteins in spores and fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum from producing areas, different varieties, harvesting parts and periods, and wall-breaking treatments.

METHODSpores and fruiting bodies from varieties of Longzhi No. 1 and Hunong No. 1 were collected as test samples, together with wall-broken spores sold in domestic main producing areas. The anthrone-sulfuric acid colorimetric method was used to determine the content of total polysaccharides. The vanillin-glacial acetic acid-perchloric acid colorimetric method was used to determine the content of total triterpenoids. The Lowry method was used to determine the content of total proteins.

RESULTThe content ranges of total polysaccharides, total triterpenoids, and total proteins from 6 domestic main producing areas were 0.40% - 2.25%, 1.36%-3.15% and 0.74% -1.91% respectively. The content ranges of total polysaccharides, triterpenoids, and proteins in the fruiting bodies from 2 varieties cultured in Zhejiang were 0.25% -1.42%, 0.44% -1.42% and 1.82% -3.67% respectively. In addition, the ranges of samples from wall-unbroken spores were 0.41% - 0.91%, 0.09% - 0.12%, 0.78% - 0.90% respectively and wall-broken spores are 1.03% - 2.25%, 1.89% - 3.15%, 0.96% - 1.04% respectively.

CONCLUSIONThere are significant differences in the contents of main chemical ingredients of wall-broken G. lucidum spores saled in the markets. The samples from Zhejiang contain high content of total polysaccharides and triterpenoids, and samples from Fujian contains more proteins. Between the 2 major varieties cultured in Zhejiang, Longzhi No. 1 contains higher content of triterpenoids, but Hunong No. 1 has more polysaccharides. Contents of triterpenoids and polysaccharides from wall-broken spores are much higher than those of fruiting bodies. The stipes from fruiting bodies contains more polysaccharides than those of the pileus, while the triterpenoids contents are higher in the pileus than stipes. The pileus and stipes collected in the second year contain higher content of polysaccharides than the first year's samples, but the contents of triterpenoids are lower. Wall-breaking treatment would significantly improve the extraction and dissolution rate of total triterpenoids and polysaccharides.

Fungal Proteins ; analysis ; Polysaccharides ; analysis ; Reishi ; chemistry ; Spores, Fungal ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; analysis

Autophagy is an active research area in the biomedical field as its role has been identified in many physiological and pathological processes. Accordingly, there is a growing demand to identify, quantify and manipulate the process accurately. Meanwhile, there is great interest in identifying compounds that modulate autophagy because they may have applications in the treatment of a variety of autophagy-related diseases. In this review, we summarize the current status of autophagy screening systems to facilitate identification of autophagy modulators.
Autophagy ; Humans

To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanism of Mycelium of Hirsutella hepiali Chen et Shen (MHCS) on metabolic syndromes, free fatty acid and MHCS-treated hepatocytes were used for detecting autophagy-related LC3, p62 and lipid accumulation. Moreover, high fat diet fed mice were used to establish metabolic syndromes model. 50-weeks age mice were randomly divided into: control group, model group and MHCS group. At 80-weeks age, 15 mice were randomly chosen from each group separately for examining oral glucose tolerance, serum insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), hepatic LC3, p62, p-NF-kappaB p65, NF-kappaB p65, IL-6 and CXCL-8. Moreover, insulin resistance index (IRI) was calculated. Hepatic pathological changes, including vacuoles, lipids accumulation and fibrosis were observed. Remaining mice were fed with diet separately to 110 weeks-age for statistics of mortality. MHCS promoted autophagy of free fatty acid treated hepatocytes. Mice fed with high fat plus MHCS diet exhibited improved oral glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, hepatic pathology, inflammation, mortality and activated autophagy. The protective effects of MHCS against metabolic syndroms might be through the activation of hepatic autophagy.
Animals ; Autophagy ; Diet, High-Fat ; adverse effects ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hypocreales ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Mycelium ; physiology ; Random Allocation ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism

Air ; analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Styrenes ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective To determine the clinical efficacy of the combination of Aidi injection and chemotherapy in patients of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods One hundred and twenty three patients with stage ⅢB/Ⅳ NSCLC complying with diagnosis standard were eligible.Those patients were randomly divided into treatment group (63 patients) and control group (60 patients). Both of groups received NP regimens( NVB 25 mg/m2, ivgtt, d1,d8; DDP 25 mg/m2, ivgtt, d1-3, watering). In treatment group,patients received Aidi injection (50 ml, ivgtt, d1-10) combined with NP regimens. Then some indexes were observed, including outcomes in the overall response rates, adverse drug reaction, quality of life. Results In treatment group, outcomes in the overall response rates were 50.8 %, 5 patients were completely remitted(CR),27 patients were partly remitted(PR). In control group, outcomes in the overall response rates were 35.0 %(3 CR, 18 PR). Gastrointestinal reaction and bone marrow depression of treatment group was lower than control group. Quality of life of treatment group was higher than control group. The difference was significant between two groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion This Aidi injection plus chemotherapy combination is effective against NSCLC with mild toxicities and quality of life can be improved.

Objective: To investigate the expression of heat shock response protein(HSP_ 70 ) in human squamous tongue cancer Tca8113 cells during the recovery periods of heat shock.Methods:Tca8113 cells were subjected to heat shock at 43 ℃ for 30 min, then the cells were cultured for 2,4,6,8,12,24 and 48 h respectively. The expression of HSP_ 70 in the cells was examined with immunohistochemical method, Quantitative analysis was performed by FCM and the cell vitality was detected by MTT method.Results:Heat shock induced HSP_ 70 expression in Tca8113 cells at 43 ℃ for 30 min and the maximum proportion of the positive cells were observed and HSP_ 70 reached the maximum value at 12 h after heat shock(P

AIM: To determine the contents of tetrandrine and fangchinoline in Qingshenjianfei Tablets by RP-HPLC. METHODS:In this method Zorbax C 18 column was used, and methanol—0.3%diethylamine (75∶25) as a mobile phase , the detection wavelength was at 242 nm. RESULTS:The recovery of tetrandrine was 103.65% and RSD was 1.59% .The recovery of fangchinoline was 97.11% and RSD was 1.91% (n=6). CONCLUSION: This method is simple,quick,reproducible and can be used for the quantitative analysis。

AIM: To investigate a new method for identification of traditional Chinese medicine injection by FTIR. METHODS: For the steadiness of spectra, the factors of effecting spectrum's information quality were all investigated scientifically over the experiment procedures and instrumental setting, such as the preparation of samples, resolution ratio, scanning times, repeating scanning times, etc. The traditional Chinese medicine injections were used as the analytical samples such as Radix Isatidis, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Flos Carthami, Radix Astragali and Herba Houttuyniae. RESULTS: Although all these original spectrums were similar at a certain degree, the FTIR combined with computer aided analysis, such as the cluster analysis and derivative spectrometry comparability calculation could be used to identify these injections. CONCLUSION: The method of identification by FTIR is non destructive testing, cheap, clean, fast, simple and convenient. The result indicates this method is suitable for establishing identification database of traditional Chinese medicine injections.