The factor VIII gene is located on the X chromosome,making haemophilia A, a sex-linked disorder. Thus on pedigree grounds all daughters of such patients are obligate carriers. One female case of haemophilia A was reported and related literatures were reviewed.
Child ; Chromosomes, Human, X ; Epistaxis ; etiology ; genetics ; Factor VIII ; Female ; Hemophilia A ; complications ; genetics ; Humans

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of bioglue compound and anatomic plate in treatment of tibial plateau fractures. Methods 28 cases of tibial plateau fractures were treated by means of open reduction and internal fixation with bioglue compound and anatomic plate. The intervals between operation and injury ranged from 5 to 10 days. The amounts of bioglue compound implanted ranged from 3 to 8 grams. Results All the patients were followed up for 6 to 22 months. All the fractures healed satisfactorily without sunken joint surface. According to Mechant criteria, the result was excellent in 13 cases, good in 11 cases, moderate in 3 cases and poor in 1 case. The total excellent and good rate was 85.3 %. Conclusion Internal fixation with bioglue compound and anatomic plate can result in good effects in treatment of tibial plateau fractures, because the bioglue compound possesses high bone inductive potentialities to repair bone defects.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA-HOTAIR in prostate cancer cells and its effects on the growth and metastasis of the cells.

METHODSUsing quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), we determined the relative expression of HOTAIR in the normal human prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-I and prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and DU145. We detected the effects of HOTAIR on the cell cycle and invasiveness of prostate cancer cells by RNA interference, flow cytometry, and Transwell mitration assay.

RESULTSThe expressions of HOTAIR in the PC3 and DU145 cells were increased 3.2 and 5.7 times, respectively, as compared with that in the normal RWPE-1 cells. After si-HOTAIR interference, the prostate cancer cells were arrested in the G2 phase and downregulated in the G1 phase. The invasive ability of the prostate cancer cells was evidently inhibited, with the inhibition rates of 32% and 44% of the PC3 cells and 43% and 34% of the DU145 cells for si-HOTAIR1 and si-HOTAIR2, respectively.

CONCLUSIONIncRNA HOTAIR is highly expressed in prostate cancer, which is associated with the growth and invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. HOTAIR is potentially a novel marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer.

Cell Cycle ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Division ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Down-Regulation ; G1 Phase ; G2 Phase ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prognosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; metabolism ; RNA, Untranslated ; metabolism

Objective:To evaluate the immunogenicity of recombinant factor H binding protein(fHBP) by detecting serum antibody titer and serum bactericidal antibody test (SBA).Methods:fHBP sequence was selected and synthesized, connected to plasmid pET43.1a, transformed to Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), and expressed two recombinant fHBP proteins, included two subfamilies, fHBPA and fHBPB. After purification, the recombinant fHBP proteins were immunized to rabbits and mice. The immune antiserum titer and the bactericidal titer to epidemic strains of meningococcal bacteria group B were measured by ELISA and SBA respectively. Results:The antiserum titer of fHBP immunized rabbits was greater than 2.0×10 6, and that of immunized mice was not less than 1.0×10 6. fHBP immunized rabbit serum had bactericidal titer more than 1∶128 to 41 strains A subfamily and 20 strains B subfamily in the SBA against 69 endemic strains, and there was no cross-protection between the subfamily bacteria. The bactericidal titers of mouse serum immunized fHBPA to strains A subfamily such as Nm210902 Nm211009、Nm450522 were 1∶1 024, 1∶608、1∶861, to Nm510703、Nm311304、Nm431002 were 1∶234、1∶861、1∶430 respectively, and mouse serum immunized fHBP B to strains B subfamily Nm311302、Nm311304、Nm431002 were 1∶876、1∶274、1∶1858, all of three strains were positive in bactericidal titers. Conclusions:the titer of fHBP antiserum was higher than 1.0×10 6, the bactericidal titer was no less than 1∶128 to 61 epidemic strains, and it has a 94.2% protective effect on 69 meningococcal epidemic strains group B.

Objective To observe the expression of heparanase(HPA)in kidney of diabetic nephropathy(DN)rats and to investigate the role of HPA in the pathogenesis of proteinuria in DN rals. Methods DM rat models induced by intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin were constnmted.Twenty-six rats were randomly divided into heahhy control group(n=6),DM6-week group(n=10)and DM 12-week group(n=10).Relative kidney weight(RKW),blood glucose,BUN,Scr,24-hour urine volume and(t 24-hour proteinuria quantilation were measured,and renal morphology was observed after 6 and 12 weeks.The expression of HPA was examined by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription PCR. Results (1)Conq)ared with the control group,RKW,blood glucose,BUN,24-hour urine volume and 24-hour proteinuria quantitation of DM groups increased markedly(P＜0.05 orP＜0.01).(2)Compared to the control group,the expression of HPA mRNA and protein in DM groups increused significantly(P＜0.01).(3)HPA protein and mRNA were positively correlated with the quantification of urinary prolein (r=0.783,P＜0.01;r=0.793,P＜0.01). Conclusion The increased expression of HPA maybe parlicipate in the pathogenesis of proteinuria in DN.

OBJECTIVETo study the association of FCGR2A gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1801274 with Kawasaki disease (KD) susceptibility and the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy in Han Chinese children.

METHODSThirty-five KD children and 25 age-and gender-matched healthy children (control group) were enrolled in the study. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gene sequence analysis were applied to detect SNP of FCGR2A gene rs1801274. These KD patients were classified into two subgroups based on the presence of coronary artery lesion (CAL) following IVIG therapy: CAL (n=13) and non-CAL (n=22).

RESULTSFCGR2A gene SNP rs1801274 was detected in all subjects, including three genotypes (AA, AG and GG). For FCGR2A gene SNP rs1801274, there were significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies between the KD and control groups (P<0.05), and significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies were also found between the CAL and non-CAL subgroups (P<0.05). A allele and AA genotype were linked to an increased risk of KD susceptibility (A allele: OR=3.39, 95%CI:1.53-7.50; AA genotype: (OR=4.93, 95%CI:1.61-15.1). Both AG (OR=5.43, 95%CI:1.06-27.8) and G allele (OR=4.88, 95%CI:1.44-16.5) were linked to an increased risk of CAL in KD children.

CONCLUSIONSPolymorphism of the FCGR2A gene SNP rs1801274 is one of the important factors probably influencing susceptibility to KD and efficacy of IVIG therapy on KD in Han Chinese children.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, IgG ; genetics

BACKGROUND:Different methods and biomaterials have been applied in animal experiments and clinical practice to prevent the formation of epidural scars,Biodegradable and sticky semi-fluid gels are the most often used material.Salvia miltforrhiza radix (SMR) and carbomer have been clinically confirmed to be the safe and effective drugs and gel agents. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of SMR-gel on preventing epidural adhesion after laminectomy.DESIGN:A complete randomized grouping design, a controlled experiment. SETTING:Department of Orthopaedics,Shenzhen People's Hospital (Second Clinical College of Jinan University). MATERIALS:Thirty-six healthy pure New Zealand rabbits were used,either male of female,clean degree,2-3 years of age. They were randomly divided into four groups with 9 rabbits in each group:blank control group,gel contro group, HA group and SMR-gel group. Carbomer934 powder (Shanghai People's Pharmaceutical Factory, batch number: 20000510) , hyaluronic acid (HA) [Shandong Bausch & Lomb Freda Pharaceutical, Co., Ltd.,No.H10960136,2 mL (20 mg)].METHODS:The experiments were carried out in the animal laboratory of Shenzhen People's Hospital from April 2002 to August 2003.①Preparing SMR-gel:SMR was prepared into extract powder.Carbomer934 powder was added by water for dissolving and swelling and stayed overnight,then SMR-gel was prepared by dipping with triethanolamine,adding with SMR extract powder (2 g),then adding with purified water till 100.0 g and stirring uniformly.②The rabbits were anesthetized. and the lamina of vertebra was totally resected at L3 and L6 (reserving superior and Inferior articular processes).then defects of 10 mm×5 mm were made to expose the dura mater.The vertebral defects were added with 1 mL carbomer gel, 1 mL HA (20 g/L) and 1 mL SMR-gel in the gel control group,HA group and SMR-gel group respectively.whereas nothing was added in the blank control group.③Gross samples:Three rabbits were killed 4,6 and 8 weeks postoperatively in each group.vertebraI ventral fascia were stripped to remove the spinal segments (L3,L6) for operation completely,and totally 24 samples for each time.One sample was selected in each group 4 weeks postoperatively. and the samples were observed under H-600 transmission electron microscope (Hitachi). ④The adhesion compactness of scar tissue with dura mater was evaluated in the 24 samples of the 4 groups at 8 weeks postoperatively:There were 4 grades:No obvious adhesion between dural sac and scar tissue for grade O:Extensive and compact adhesion between dural sac and scar tissue. impossible blunt dissection between dural sac and scar tissue.incomplete dural sac after sharp dissection for grade Ⅲ.Each spinal segment was cut into 4 parts equally,and all were prepared into sections and stained,then the thickness of epidural scar was determined with Tiger2000 image analyzer. ⑤The rank sum test was used in the scar adhesion compactness grading evaluated with naked eyes,whereas analysis of variance.and two-two comparison were used in analyzing the thickness of epidural scar.P＜0.05 was considered as significant difference.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Results of gross scar adhesion compactness grading at 8 weeks and comparison of the thickness of epidural scar at 4.6 and 8 weeks;②Results of gross observation,histological examination and ultrastructure.RESULTS: All the 36 rabbits were involved in the analysis of results. ①Results of gross observation and pathohistological examination:There was compact adhesion at each time point in the blank control group,part adhesion in the gel control group and HA group, and no obvious adhesion in the SMR-gel group.②Results of quantitative analysis:The rabbits with lower scores of scar adhesion compactness grading In the blank control group,gel control group and HA group were obviously fewer than those in the SMR-gel group (W=45-52,P＜0.05-0.01).The scar thickness at 4 and 8 weeks in the SMR-gel group was obviously less than that in the other 3 groups(F=128.657,152.246,80.891,P＜0.01).③Results of observation under transmission electron microscope:The proliferation of fibroblasts at 4 week was active in the blank control group,gel control group and HA group,but inactive in the SMR-gel group.CONCLUSION:①SMR can inhibit the fibroblasts to proliferate,differentiate and synthetize into secretory collagens,and then inhibit the formation of epidural scar adhesion.②HA can be absorbed by organs very early,which reduces its role in preventing adhesion.Whereas carbomer gel can stay longer, and it plays a role in inhibiting and blocking adhesion in the whole process of wound repairing.

BACKGROUND: During recent years, mononucleotide polymorphism of some genes is possibly related to affectability of osteoarthritis (OA). However, previous researches mainly compare the gene expression of synoviocytes between OA and rheumatoid arthritis (RhA); therefore, the correlation of gene expression between synovioblast and fibroblast in other tissues should be further studied as compared with OA.OBJ ECTIVE: To observe the differences of gene expression between OA synovioblast and skin fibroblast.DESIGN: Observational contrast analysis.SETTING: People's Hospital of Shenzhen City.PARTICIPANTS: Synovium tissue was derived from OA patients who received replacement of knee joint in the Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Shenzhen City. All OA patients met the diagnostic criteria of osteoarthritis established by American College of Rheumatology in 1995. Three patients including 1 male and 2 females aged more than 65 years old and they did not have cardiac and pulmonary disease and diabetes mellitus. Three male normal volunteers who aged 25 to 35 years did not have rheumatic disease, osteoarthritis and dermatosis. All subjects provided a confirmed consent. The main reagents were detailed as follows: RPMI1640 culture medium, fetal bovine serum and TRIZOL agent (Invitrogen Life Technologies Company, USA); pGEM-T pUC (Progema Company, USA);Display PROFILE-BASIC and Display PROFILE Probe kits (Qbiogen Company, USA).METHODS: The experiment was carried out in People's Hospital of Shenzhen City from January to June 2005. Synovium of OA patients were treated with primary culture to obtain synovioblast; meanwhile, skin fibroblast treated with primary culture from normal subjects was regarded as the control group. Restricted enzyme section differential display was used to separate the different-expressed genes of synovioblast and skin fibroblast in OA patients. In addition, blast technique was used to compare the resulted ranks with Genbank ranks.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Differences of gene expression between synovioblast and skin fibroblast in OA patients.RESULTS: Gene expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), TFPI2, CXCL2, CXCL6 and transforming growth factor (TGF) were high in synovioblast of OA patients as compared with those in skin fibroblast of normal subjects.CONCLUSION: Gene expressions of SOD, TFPI2, CXCL2, CXCL6 and TGF are high in synovioblast of OA patients as compared with those in skin fibroblast of normal subjects. This suggests that gene may play a certain role in onset of OA.

Objective To investigate the iodine content of food in six provinces of China,to add the results of this survey to the food iodine content database,and to provide a scientific basis for iodine supplementation in different parts of China.Methods A total of 8 categories and 39 species common food produced locally in the six provinces of Fujian,Chongqing,Shandong,Anhui,Gansu and Jilin were collected.Samples of cereals,beans and other dry samples were crushed into powder; samples of fresh fruits and vegetables were washed and dried to constant weight,and crushed into powder; poultry,meat and fish samples were washed and then their edible parts were crushed into meat paste,bake dried to constant weight,and crushed into powder.Iodine content in the above-mentioned food was determined by catalytic spectrophotometry,and the wavelength was 405 nm.Data processing and statistical analysis were carried out by using SPSS 13.0 statistical software.The results of total iodine content of the various types of food were expressed as median(P50) and interquartile range(P25 and P75).Results The iodine content of the cereal in Fujian,Chongqing,Shandong,Anhui,Gansu and Jilin were 11.9,12.0,48.0,95.1,13.0and 3.1 μg/kg,respectively; of the potato were 53.9,26.3,74.9,43.7,76.8 and 38.5 μg/kg,respectively; of the meat and the eggs were 56.0,30.4,78.6,124.6,47.7 and 34.8 μg/kg,respectively; of the aquatic products were 319.3,144.7,186.6,241.3,155.4 and 213.3 μg/kg,respectively; of the vegetables were 166.6,145.1,131.7,218.0,205.4 and 98.1 μg/kg,respectively; of the fruits were 105.5,17.8,80.9,1.7,76.7 and 10.3 μg/kg,respectively; of the kelp and laver were 36.0 × 103,1292.0 × 103,2810.0 × 103,48.0 × 103,75.0 × 103 and 120.0 × 103 μg/kg,respectively; of the Chinese pickled vegetables were 640.4,4163.5,3073.7,2635.3,1540.9 and 492.0 μg/kg,respectively.ConclusionsThe iodine content of different types of food,and same kind of food from different provinces are different.The results are a complement to the 2004 Chinese food composition database.

Objective To analysis and determine the possibility of the Citellus undulatus infected with Yersinia pestis surviving the winter in an experimental study, and to provide scientific experimental basis for the study on the mechanism of Yersinia pestis preservation. Method In 2006,09 to 2007,04 and 2007,09 to 2008,04 in Xinjiang Wusu-Gurtu natural foci of plague, under natural conditions, the over the winter process of Citellus undulatus carrying the plague bacteria was simulated, and 178 Citellus undulatus were infected with Yersinia pestis (1×107 Bacteria/mouse) using artificial injection method. One hundred seventy-eight Citellus undulatus infected with Yersinia pestis were kept into a construction of the black (1-5 ℃) basement (2 meters under the ground) in the plague focus. In doing so, these Citellus undulatuses almost simultaneously stepped into hibernation. After waking up from hibernation in following year in April, the survived mice carrying the plague bacteria were observed. Results Sixty-eight mice survived among the 178 infected with Yersinia pestis after 6 months of hibernation (through October to the following year in April), and the remaining 110 were all dead without pulling through the hibernation period. The survival rate was 38.2% (68/178). The organ culture of Yersinia pestis of the 110 dead mice(Citellus undnlatus) were tested, 67 were negative(-), 43 positive(+), with a positive rate of 39.1%(43/110). Among the rats with positive plague bacteria, the congestive pulmonary edema and the pathological changes of the hemorrhagic inflammation of the heart, liver, spleen, kidney and injection site could be seen clearly; the plague-free mice were not found to have any pathological changes. The survived 68 mice over the winter were autopsied and observed after being fed up for 20 days. No any pathological changes were found among these mice, and culturing of Yersinia pestis of the heart, liver, spleen, lungs and the tissue of injection site of these mice were all negative (-). Conclusions Citellus undulatus can carry Yersinia pestis during hibernation, but some fail to carry the bacteria through the entire process of hibernation persistently. Yersinia pestis was negative in the survived mice at the end of hibernation. The results showed that Citellus undulatus can not carry Yersinia pestis over the winter.