Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunization Schedule ; Infant ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology

Objective To improve the quality of teaching, conduct the examination mode reform of the course Fundamental Nursing among undergraduate students, and explore a reasonable and fair appraisal mechanism. Methods Taking a class of 2013 consisting of 160 undergraduates majored in nursing as an experimental group, reform the content, method and evaluation method and implement them in the fundamentals of nursing examination. In addition, compile a self- made questionnaire to investigate the feedback effect of carrying out the assessment model. Meanwhile, take 151 nursing undergraduates in grade 2012 as a historical control group, and conduct the statistical analysis with the overall rating scores of the experimental group. Results After the reform was carried out, 91.82 percent (146/159) of the students holded the view that it was necessary to reform, 86.16 percent (137/159) were satisfied with the evaluation reform, 84.91 percent (135/159) agreed on the spreading of the reformed examination pattern to other courses, and percentage of students′passing the exam reached 98.75 percent (158/160). The difference of the course assessment overall achievement between the experimental group and control group, was statistically significant (Z=-2.62, P < 0.01). Conclusions The reform of the examination mode will achieve the harmonious unification of teaching, learning, exam, improve the quality of teaching and promote the realization of the talent training goal.

In this study, an approach based on triple-color fluorescence probes was developed for screening potential nephro-protective bioactive substances. Three fluorescent probes (i. e. FDA, MTR and Hoechst 33342) were used to label HK-2 cells injured by doxorubicin hydrochloride, and cellular fluorescence images were subsequently acquired and analyzed by a cellular-fluorescence image microscopy platform. The established method was applied to screening 53 components of Carthami Flos, and three components C17, C18 and C19 were found to exhibit nephroprotective effects against doxorubicin hydrochloride induced injury on HK-2 cells. Eight compounds (i. e. hydroxysafflor yellow A, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-rutinoside-6-O-glucoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3,6-di-O-gluco-side or 6-hydroxykaempferol-6, 7-di-O-glucoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-glucoside or 6-hydroxykaempferol-7-O-glucoside, rutin, isoquercetin, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside) in components C17, C18 and C19 were preliminarily identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Isoquercetin, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and hydroxysafflor yellow A were confirmed by comparing with reference substances, Further study indicated that these four compounds had moderate nephroprotective effects, while isoquercetin showed a significant nephroprotective effect in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that isoquercetin, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and hydroxysafflor yellow A might be the nephroprotective bioactive substances in Carthami Flos.
Carthamus ; chemistry ; Cell Line ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Humans ; Kidney ; chemistry ; cytology ; drug effects ; Protective Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Objective To study the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Methods To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 28 cases with malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors underweat surgical treatment . Results The malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor in adults were more than 50 years old,71.4%(20/28) ,and common clinical symptoms were gastrointestinal bleeding,anemia,and pain. The lesion site: 19 cases of gastric bowel, 8 cases of small intestine, 1 case of colon, radical excision in 22 cases, local excision palliative resection in 5 cases, three cases were multi-visceral resection. Conclusion Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor could be diagnosed by the means of endoscopic imaging and clear,and preoperative diagnosis was difficult. Surgical resection was the pathology diagnosis and treatment of primary method,if necessary,to ensure multi-visceral resection of the tumor to prevent recurrence of thoroughness, had important significance.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adrenocortical Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Nephrectomy ; Pelvic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To study the influence of arsenic exposure on menstruation.Methods A cluster sampling method was applied to select the subjects of women aged 10 to 65 from Linhe,Hangjinhouqi and Wuyuan counties in Inner Mongolia in 2004.Drinking water samples were collected to detect arsenic levels,and menstrual related situation was surveyed.The subjects were divided into four groups according to drinking water arsenic concentration:control(≤0.01 mg/L),low(＞ 0.01-0.10 mg/L),moderate(＞ 0.10-0.20 mg/L) and high(＞ 0.20mag/L).Results A total of 602 women were surveyed.There were 83 subjects exposed to arsenic before menarche and their menarche age was (14.37 ± 1.54) years old.There were 90 people exposed to arsenic before menopause and the menopause age was (48.13-0.41) years old.The age of menarche and menopause were positively related to the years of arsenic exposure,and correlation coefficients were 0.268 and 0.278 (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared to control group(14.0％,16/112),menstrual abnormality rate decreased in low(12.1％,21/173) and high dose groups(10.2％,19/186),while increased in the moderate dose group(18.2％,16/88),but the differences were not statistically significant(x2 =3.664,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Long-term arsenic exposure delays the menarche and menopause age,suggesting that arsenic has certain endocrine disruption or estrogen-like effects.

B-Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVEThe study aimed to test if Paridis Rhizoma total saponins (PRTS) could induce apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell MKN-45.

METHODBased on the previous researches, PRTS was set by different concentrations to treat human gastric cancer cell for 12 h (5, 10, 20 mg x L(-1)). Fluorescent staining methods were adopted to observe apoptotic morphological changes of MKN-45. The apoptosis rates were analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The enzymatic activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were measured by ELISA. The protein levels of Fas and FasL were detected by Western blotting.

RESULTUnder a fluorescence microscope, MKN-45 treated by PRTS was seen typical apoptotic morphological features. PRTS significantly increased the rate of apoptosis. Compared with the control group, there exsited significant differences in apoptosis rate of PRTS concentration of 20 mg x L(-1) (P < 0.01); besides, the enzymatic activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were promoted obviously after the effect of PRTS on MKN-45 cells for 12 h (P < 0.01). The protein levels of Fas and FasL in the MKN-45 were upgraded significantly.

CONCLUSIONPRTS can induce apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell MKN-45 , which is concerned with caspase-3 and caspase-8 and upgraded Fas and FasL.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; fas Receptor ; metabolism

Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; virology ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; metabolism ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; virology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Rituximab ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; virology ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

Actins ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Foot Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inclusion Bodies ; metabolism ; pathology ; Infant ; Toes