The article discusses whether the "Law for Protection of Rights and Interests of Consumers" is applicable to the disposal of medical disputes between doctors and Patienes. From the point of the Principle of exchang of commodities, the relation between doctors and patients is not one of commodity consumption on the basis of exchange at equal value. In terms of the nature of the medical and health cause, hospitals are not operators managing goods. In light of the inherent characteristics of medical service, medical and health work is a special trade of services. In the perspective of law, medical services are no ordinary acts of economically legal relation between doctors and patients,they are rather a special consuming act on the side of consumers and there is a special economically legal relation between doctors and patients. Accordingly, the "Law for Protection of Rights and Interests of Consumers" is not applicable to the diposal of disputes between doctors and patients.

Objective To evaluate the role of intercellular gap junction in lung injury induced by hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in rabbits. Methods Twenty-four healthy rabbits of both sexes weighing 1.5-2.2 kg were used in this study. The animals were anesthetized with iv 3% pentobarbital 30 mg/kg,tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated. Femoral artery was cannulated for MAP monitoring, blood-letting.Right external jugular vein was cannulated for fluid infusion. Hemorrhagic shock was induced according to the method described by Wiggers. MAP was maintained at 35-40 mm Hg for 60 min. The animals were then randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 12 each):traditional treatment group (group A) and octanol group (group B). Both groups received rapid iv infusion of lactated Ringer's solution (LR solution) 1.5 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 for 30 min (T3 ).In group B 99.5% octanol (a specific gap junction inhibitor) 5 mmol/kg was injected intraperitoneally (IP) in addition to iv LR solution infusion. Thirty minutes later the animals were resuscitated with infusion of the blood withdrawn and LR solution (the volume was equal to the volume of blood loss). Then LR solution was infused iv at 2.5 ml· kg-1 · h-1 for 150 min ( T4 ). Left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and HR were recorded before blood letting (T1), immediately after successful establishment of the model (T2), and at T3 and T4. The mortality during resuscitation was calculated. The animals were killed at T4. Blood samples were taken from femoral artery for determination of the serum protein concentration. The lungs were removed. The left lower lobe was lavnged. The protein concentration in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured. Lung permeability index (LPI) was calculated (LPI = protein concentration in BALF protein concentration in serum). Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activities and W/D lung weight ratio were determined and microscopic examination was performed. Results HR was significantly lower at T3 and T4 and LVSP higher at T4 in group B than in group A. The pulmonary permeability index, W/D lung weight ratio and mortality were significantly lower and the activities of Ns+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+ -ATPase were significantly higher in group B than in group A. The lung tissue danage was significantly ameliorated in group B. Conclusion Intercellular gap junction is involved in the development of lung injury induced by hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in rabbits.

An investigation and analysis on the effect of current bilingual teaching has been done among the 2002rd seven-year program students by using questionnaire.The result can provide basic foundation for improving the quality of bilingual teaching.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoplasma ; physiology ; Mycoplasma Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; therapy ; Young Adult

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; complications ; Down Syndrome ; complications ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Qinghuang Powder (QHP) combined Chinese herbs for Pi-strengthening and Shen-reinforcing (CHPSSR) on hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in bone marrow mononuclear cells of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients.

METHODSChanges of HIF-1alpha in bone marrow mononuclear cells of MDS patients were detected in 25 MDS patients treated by QHP combined CHPSSR using flow cytometry. Meanwhile, 13 healthy subjects were recruited as the control group. Changes HIF-1alpha levels in various serial bone marrow mononuclear cells were detected.

RESULTS(1) Among the 25 patients in the treatment group, there were 19 patients effective and 6 patients ineffective, with the total effective rate being 76%. (2) Compared with before treatment, levels of peripheral blood WBC, Hb, PLT, and ANC significantly increased in the treatment group after treatment, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). (3) Compared with before treatment, the HIF-1alpha mean fluorescence intensity was enhanced in bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and nucleated red blood cells of the treatment group after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the HIF-1alpha mean fluorescence intensity was weakened in bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, and nucleated red blood cells of the treatment group before treatment; while it was obviously enhanced in granulocytes (P < 0.01). But after treatment the HIF-1alpha mean fluorescence intensity increased more in the granulocytes of the treatment group than in those of the control group (P < 0.01), but there was no statistical difference in bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, or nucleated red blood cells.

CONCLUSIONQHP combined CHPSSR could improve HIF-1alpha levels in bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and nucleated red blood cells of MDS patients, thus improving Hb levels of MDS patients, and improving their anemia and correlated symptoms.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Young Adult

Acupuncture Therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Narcolepsy ; therapy ; Qi

Objective To understand the schistosomiasis prevention knowledge of middle school students from areas with dif-ferent endemic levels in Hubei Province. Methods The schistosomiasis endemic regions were divided into transmission con-trolled areas and endemic controlled areas in Hubei Province,middle school students from different types of areas were selected through stratified randomized cluster sampling and were investigated by questionnaire. Results A total of 3 204 students were se-lected and investigated. The awareness rate of schistosomiasis prevention and control knowledge among the students ranged from 65.1%-90.3%. Overall,the students from endemic controlled areas had higher knowledge rates of all the items than those from transmission controlled areas(all P<0.05). The middle school students acquired schistosomiasis prevention knowledge mainly from the teachers,parents,doctors and schistosomiasis staff. Conclusion Health education to students should adopt different ways targeting at different endemic levels in the future.

Objective:To research the effect of the media on women's body image.Methods:The subjects were all from 2 colleges.The subjects of experiment 1 were 63 high and low trait social comparison female students.Among them,high trait social comparison subjects were 31 in the model image group,30 in the product image group.Low trait social comparison subjects were 30 in the model image group,32 were in the product image group.The subjects of experiment 2 were the total of 61 high trait social comparison female students.Among them,30 subjects were analyzed by similarity comparison,and 31 subjects received difference comparison.The instruments included advertisement pictures,body image states scale,the physical apperance comparion scale,and the consumer response questionnaire.Results:Analysis of variance showed that,in the model image level,the score of body image scale in high social comparison group was significantly higher than that in low social comparison group [(5.54±1.05)vs.(4.73±0.92),P<0.001].Regression analysis further showed that social comparison was moderator(ΔR~2= 0.035,P<0.01).For social comparisons mode,score of body image scale in difference comparison group was higher than that in similarity comparison group [(5.55±0.82)vs.(4.56±0.86),P<0.05].Conclusion:These findings suggested that social comparison can be used to prevent female college students' negative body images.

ObjectiveTo study the mechanism of hemodynamic alternation surrounding the hematoma in the acute stage of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats.MethodsSeventy male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into ICH group and sham operated group, which were microinjected with 40 μl fresh autologous blood or saline into the right caudatum respectively. The each group was divided into 7 subgroups at 1h,3h,6h,12h,24h,48h and 72h after the ICH. CT perfusion imaging in measurements of regional cerebral blood flow adjacent to hematomas was performed. The ratios of side to side were measured at the regions around the hematomas by personal computer aided mapping. So the parameters of regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), regional cerebral blood volume(rCBV) and mean transit time(MTT) were calculated respectively.ResultsThe rCBF and rCBV adjacent to the hematomas were lower than those of the outer region pronouncedly. The alternation of rCBF around the hematoma were fluctuated, which reduced to the valley at 1h after ICH, and then gradually returned to the peaks at 6h and 24h after ICH. In the meantime, the rCBV around the hematoma reduced to the valley at 1h after ICH, and then gradually increased to the peak at 24h after ICH.ConclusionThe abnormal hemodynamic changes can be found in the perihematomal region after ICH. The alternation of rCBF around the hematomas are fluctuated, but the changes of rCBV remain continuous increase. The mass effect of hematoma, intracranial hypertension caused by the mass effect of hematoma, and the autoregulation of cerebral blood flow motivated by the initial depression of cerebral blood flow play a very important role in the changes of cerebral blood flow.