Objective: To investigate whether the expression of Apollon (an apoptosis inhibitory gene) silenced by using RNA interference (RNAi) technology in combination with tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) intervention can increase the sensitivity of human myeloid leukemia K562 cells to vincristine (VCR) and daunorubicin (DNR). Methods: Using the best small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting Apollon gene which was screened out in a previous experiment, the eukaryotic expression vector pGPHI-GFP-Neo-Apollon was constructed. Then, the K562 cells were transfected with pGPHI-GFP-Neo-Apollon by LipofectamineTM 2000 and screened out by G418. After Apollon siRNA was transfected stably into K562 cells, the expressions of Apollon mRNA and protein were detected by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and immunofluorescence, respectively. The sensitivities to chemotherapeutic agents VCR and DNR after RNAi in combination with TMP intervention were detected by MTT method, and apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Results: pGPHI-GFP-Neo-Apollon vector was constructed successfully and it could express stably in K562 cells, which silenced the expressions of Apollon mRNA and protein effectively. The sensitivity to VCR or DNR increased significantly after RNAi in combination with TMP intervention. The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of VCR and DNR were significantly lower than those in the group of TMP intervention alone (P < 0.05). The apoptosis rate of K562 cells after transfection with Apollon siRNA in combination with TMP intervention was significantly increased comparing with that of the untreated control group and TMP intervention alone group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: RNAi targeting Apollon gene in combination with TMP intervention can obviously increase the sensitivity to VCR or DNR in K562 cells and significantly reduce the dosage of chemotherapeutic agents as well as improve apoptosis induced by chemotherapy. These results suggest that Apollon gene silenced by RNAi in combination with TMP intervention may reverse the drug resistance of leukemia cells. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of nicergoline and aniracetam in treatment of mild and moderate cognitive dysfunction after cerebral infarction .Methods Infarction were enrolled after 70 cases of mild and moderate cognitive im-pairment patients were randomly divided into nicergoline treatment group (observation group) and aniracetam treatment group(con-trol group) ,all 35 cases .After 12 weeks of treatment were compared before and after treatment mini mental state examination (MMSE) ,activities of daily living scale(ADL) scores and transcranial Doppler(TCD) to improve the situation .Results After 12 weeks ,both groups after treatment compared with treatment MMSE score was significantly higher (P< 0 .05) ,and nicergoline group than aniracetam group(P< 0 .01);ADL score before treatment were significantly reduced (P< 0 .05) ,TCD improvement nicergoline group than aniracetam group (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Nicergoline mild and moderate cognitive dysfunction after cerebral in-farction have significant effects ,and better than aniracetam ,no significant adverse reactions occur for a wide range of clinical applications .

Objective There are two main functions of gastrointestinal tract,digestion and absorption,and barrier function.The latter has an important defensive effect,which keeps the body away from the invading and damaging of bacteria and endotoxin.It maintains the systemic homeostasis.Intestinal dysfunction would happen when body suffers from diseases or harmful stimulations.The more serious intestinal disorders would harm the intestinal protective mechanism,or intestinal barrier function,and bacterial/endotoxin translocation,of intestinal failure(IF) would ensue.This article provides a critical review of the evidence indicating that an increase in bacterial translocation is associated with sepsis,and even the multiple organ failure syndrome in critically ill patients.The in-transit microorganisms play an essential role in the homeostasis of local and systemic immunity.Methods All studies published from 2000 to June 2005 about intestinal permeability,bacterial translocation,and systemic inflammatory response syndrome were located by search of PubMed.Results Clinical and experimental studies investigating the correlation between bacterial translocation and systemic inflammatory response syndrome,associated with the damage of the gut barrier function.To keep the mucosal barrier function intact is one of the main issues in the prevention of bacterial translocation.This could be achieved by the adequate delivery of oxygen and nutrient supplementation to the gut.Enteral nutrition,probiotic can be a good choice.Conclusion With a better understanding of the bacteria-host interactions in health and the alterations induced by critical illness,new therapies that improve the environment of both may lead to better recovery rates in intensive care unit patients.

Objective To analyse the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with myopathies that were misdiag-nosed as myasthenia gravis because of external ophthalmoplegia ,widen the thoughts for differential diagnosis of extraocular muscle paralysis .Methods The clinical and pathological features of 11 myopathy cases with ptosis and diplopia admitted to the neurology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between October 2010 and May 2014 were retrospec-tively reviewed and analyzed .Results Among the 11 patients ,6 male and 5 female ,aged 16-66 years old .All had paralysis of ex-traocular muscle manifestations ,including oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy(OPMD) in 3 cases ,oculopharyngeal distal myopa-thy in 2 cases ,chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia(CPEO) in 6 cases .Muscle biopsy showed the characteristic pathologi-cal changes .Statistical analysis showed that the age of onset in OPMD patients was older(P<0 .05) ,creatine kinase level in oculo-pharyngeal distal myopathy patients was higher ,but the difference was not significant (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Certain rare myopa-thy should be considered for patients with external ophthalmoplegia seemingly myasthenia gravis .Muscle biopsy can provide clue for differential diagnosis .

Objective To study the clinical and pathologic features,histological criteria and pathologic factors contributing to diagnosis of mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumors(mixed m?llerian tumors,MMT)of the uterus.Methods A retrospective study of 102 cases of MMT of the uterus (74 adenofibromas including 9 recurrent cases,3 atypical polypoid adenomyomas,2 carcinofibromas,10 adenosareomas and 13 carcinosarcomas)was undertaken.Clinical records,gross features and tissue slices were reviewed.The follow-up data were analysed.Results The most common symptom was vaginal bleeding.Clinical signs included pelvic mass,uterine polyps,and enlarged uterus.Benign MMT usually presented as exophytic polypoid masses extending into the uterine cavity or protruding through the external os,often broad-based,lobulated and papillary.It was hard to distinguish low-grade malignant MMT from the benign ones by gross appearance.High-grade malignant MMT had the common gross features of carcinoma and sarcoma.Histologically,MMT showed a biphasic differentiation of mesenchymal and epithelial components.MMT were classified according to whether these elements were benign or malignant.Nine cases of adenofibroma without unique features for the diagnosis of adenosarcoma recurred at postoperative intervals of 3 to 96 months.Recurrent tumors were almost always confined to the original site.Conclusions Uterine MMT tumors according to WHO diagnostic criteria are not rare.The differential diagnosis depends on a multifactorial analysis.The recurrent adenofibromas may be a kind of borderline tumors with benign appearances and malignant behavior.

Objective: This paper aims to examine the current situation of information integration platform construction in tertiary hospitals in China, and explore the existing problems in the development of the integrated platform.Methods: This paper studies the current situation of the development of the medical integration platform through literature, and the relevant data of the status quo of the information integration construction was obtained through the National Level 3 Hospital Information Interoperability Standardization Construction Survey Report (2015), and descriptively analyzed the hospital medical integration Platform construction of the specific circumstances.Conclusion: From this research, it is concluded that there is a lack of unified planning in the construction of the medical integration platform of the tertiary hospitals in China, which is post-repair.The data is difficult to share, the data security loopholes and hidden dangers still exist.Therefore, it will be very helpful to plan the standardization of hospital information integration platform and the construction of information security, deepening the integration of medical information on the lower level and other measures to solve the problem, this paper puts forward the overall plan for the hospital integration platform.

By using the method of clonal analysis the evidence to prove that Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is reactive or malignant was investigated to probe into the pathogenesis of HPS and its relations with clinical prognosis. The macrophages abnormally proliferated in bone marrow were isolated. Electrophoresis analysis was made after DNA extraction, enzyme restriction of human ardrogen receptor (HUMARA) genetic locus, and PCR amplification. In the 9 specimens, clonal proliferation was found in 2 cases and nonclonal proliferation in 7. Among the 7 cases of nonclonal proliferation, 3 were voluntarily discharged without clinical outcome, 2 cases fully recovered after 2-3 week treatment of large dose gamma globulin intravenous drip and hormone therapy, 1 case died at the 43th day after the hormone and anti-infection therapy, and one case was found to have granular leukoblast in peripheral blood after 3 weeks and diagnosed as having M2a after bone puncture. For the two patients with clonal proliferation, one obtained remission after chemotherapy and the other was died after 32 days without chemotherapy. It was concluded that there do exist clonal or malignant proliferation in HPS, so not every case is reactive.
Clone Cells ; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell/*blood ; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell/therapy ; Macrophages/*pathology ; gamma-Globulins/therapeutic use

Objective To study the radiosensitization of histone deaeetylases inhibitor(HDACI) panobinistat in prostate cancer cells in vitro,as well as the possible mechanisms.Methods IC20 of two prostate cancer cell lines(LNCaP and PC-3)was determined using MTI assay.Cells received a single dose irradiation of 0,2,4,6,or 8 Gy using 6 MV X-ray for radiosensitivity experiment,but only 2 Gy for western blot and flow cytometry.Radiosensitization of panobinostat was investigated with clonogenic assay,and sensitizing enhancement ratio(SER)was calculated with single-hit multi-target model.Western blot was used to compare γH2AX expression.Flowcytomctry was used to detect the cell cycle distribution.Results IC20 of LNCaP and PC-3 was 2.5 and 10.0 μmol/L,respectively.SER of panobinostat at IC20 was 1.37(D0 ratio)and 1.11(Dq ratio)for LNCaP cells,and 1.78(D0 ratio)and 1.17(Dq ratio)for PC-3 cells.Expression of γH2AX gradually decreased in the 2 Gy irradiation-alone cells standing for the DSB repair,while γH2AX expression was persistent in the combination group.Irradiation triggered a G2/M arrest 6-12 hours after irradiation in LNCaP and PC-3 cells.G2/M arrest was observed when cells were treated with panobinostat for 24 hours,however,no significant change concerning cell cycle distribution was showed when cells received further irradiation.Conclusions Panobinostat Call radiosensitize prostate cancer cells,which may be related with increased DNA DSB,inhibition of DSB repair and attenuation of cell cycle modulation after irradiation.

Biobank is a biorepository which organized for collecting and storing human biospecimen as well as associated information for research uses.Biobank is the fundamental platform which translates the basic research result into clinical practice.It also plays an important role in disease diagnosis,new drug development,disease-related genetic research and epidemiological studies.The rise of translational medicine promotes the construction and development of the biobank.This review highlights the necessity to establish biobank,and focuses on the recent advances of the modem type of biobank,quality control of biospecimens,construction of biobank,best practices and guideline applied for biobank.This review also provides information for improvement of biobank.

Objective To analyze the predictive value of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor(NT-proBNP) on auricular thrombosis in patients of coronary heart disease (CHD) combined with atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods The clinical data of 124 patients of CHD combined with AF were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were divided into research group (60 cases,compliance with auricular thrombosis) and control group (64 cases,non-compliance with auricular thrombosis),according to the occurrence of auricular thrombosis.The values of NT-proBNP,fasting plasma glucose (FPG),postprandial plasma glucose(2 h PG),total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL),high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDd) and left atrial diameter (LAD) were detected and compared between two groups.The relative factors to the occurrence of auricular thrombosis were confirmed by multivariate Logistic analysis.The best cutoff point of NT-proBNP was confirmed by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).Results The values of NT-proBNP,ox-LDL,hs-CRP,LVEDd and LAD in research group were higher than those in control group [(4 312.6 ± 209.1) pmol/L vs.(3 421.6 ± 156.8) pmol/L,(4.0 ± 0.9) mmol/L vs.(3.4 ± 0.8) mmol/L,(7.4 ± 1.3)mg/L vs.(5.8 ± 1.0) mg/L,(74.3 ± 6.8) mm vs.(58.1 ± 5.5) mm,(39.6 ± 4.3) mm vs.(32.5 ± 3.8) mm],LVEF and HDL-C were lower than those in control group [(48.2 ± 3.1)％ vs.(57.3 ± 3.8)％,(0.72 ± 0.16)mmol/L vs.(1.08 ±0.27) mmol/L],and there were significant differences (P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the values of FPG,2 h PG and TC between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that NT-proBNP and LAD were independent factors to the occurrence of auricular thrombosis (P =0.009,0.028).There was significant difference in the occurrence of auricular thrombosis between patients with NT-proBNP ＞ 4 250 pmol/L and patients with NT-proBNP≤4 250 pmol/L (P =0.028).Conclusion NT-proBNP is an independent predictor for the occurrence of auricular thrombosis to patients of CHD combined with AF.