BACKGROUND:Orthotopic lung transplantation model in a rat is the key to investigate the chronic rejection after lung transplantation. However, the precise surgical technique and difficult operation limit the application of the model. OBJECTIVE:To improve the process of anesthesia and lung transplantation, and to establish a rapid, safe and reversible rat lung transplantation model. METHODS:A total of 42 rats were used to establish the model, including 21 donor models and 21 receptor models. The donor lung was excised by median sternotomy with dissection of the left lung and implantation of cuffs (intravenous catheters cut into 1.5 mm sections). The left lung was implanted in the recipient by lateral thoracotomy using the cuffs for anastomoses. The duration of surgery and success rate of transplantation were recorded and calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The survival rate of rats after lung transplantation was 100%. The time of left donor lung extraction was (35.3±5.1) minutes in average. The time of placing cuff in donor lung was (12.5±4.6) minutes in average. The surgical procedure time of recipient was (50.2±3.3) minutes. The time of arteriovenous and bronchus casing anastomosis was (27.7±6.2) minutes. After pulmonary artery and vein blood flow was disparked, the whole lung turned red rapidly, blood perfusion was sufficient, venous returned unimpeded;after mechanical ventilation resumed, al graft lungs expanded wel . This improved anesthesia and lung transplantation technique in rats can provide a valid, reliable and reproducible animal model for studying immune responses and rejection in lung transplantation.

AIM: To determine differentially expressed genes associated with cell adhesion and immune regulation in peripheral blood eosinophils from asthmatic patients. METHODS: Peripheral blood eosinophils were isolated from the asthmatic patients at the time of exacerbation and after improvement. Total RNA was extracted. Super SMART PCR cDNA was synthesized, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and PCR-select differential screening technology were used to detect expressed genes. The differentially expressed genes were sequenced. RESULTS: High efficiency subtractive cDNA library was constructed successfully. Differential screening identified 15 differentially expressed genes, which were Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (CLC protein; galectin-10), putative pre-mRNA splicing regulator female-lethal (2D), aquaporin 9 (AQP9), IL-8, slingshot 2L (SSH-2L), PP1 catalytic subunit, beta isoform, helicase with zinc finger domain (HELZ), ?2-microglobin (?2-MG) and a gene associated with mitochondrion. CONCLUSION: Increased expression of these genes might be associated with eosinophil migration, adhesion and immune regulation. Intervention of these pathways may provide a theoretical base for future new targeting treatment for asthma.

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis

Intervertebral disc degeneration is considered as a primary cause of clinical low back pain, however the molecular mechanism is not clear yet. Recently, researches on the molecular basis of intervertebral disc degeneration have become a hotspot. The special structure and biomechanics properties of the disc contribute to its propensity toward degeneration. Intervertebral disc degeneration is associated with the changes of the cytological behavior,including the increase in cell death and the degradation of extracellular matrix. However, the mechanism of cell death including cell apoptosis and autophagy in intervertebral disc degeneration remains unclear. Further study on the molecular mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration is the foundation of improving and treating the intervertebral disc degeneration in the future. Although some progresses are made in the aspect of biological study, the biological environment of intervertebral disc itself is still a challenge for the development of biological treatment. This article is to review the latest advance on the biological characteristics of normal intervertebral disc and the cell death in the process of the intervertebral disc degeneration.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Death ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; cytology ; metabolism ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; metabolism ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo compare the changes of inward rectifying K(+) (Kir) current (I(K1)) density in atrial myocytes of patients with rheumatic atrial fibrillation (RAF) less or longer than 6 months.

METHODI(K1) density was measured with whole-cell patch clamp technique in single myocyte isolated by an enzymatic dissociation method from right atrial appendages in patients with RAF less than 6 months (n = 18) and longer than 6 months (n = 18), RAF patients with normal sinus rhythm (NSR, n = 18) served as control.

RESULTSThe average resting membrane potentials were similar between various groups. I(K1) density in single myocyte at -50 to -100 mV of patients with RAF longer than 6 months was significantly increased compared to that in patients with RAF less than 6 months and NSR patients. I(K1) density in single myocyte at hyperpolarized potential level (-100 mV) was also significantly increased in patients with RAF longer than 6 months (8.94 +/- 0.15) than that in patients with RAF less than 6 months (4.35 +/- 0.49) and NSR patients compared to that in NSR (4.05 +/- 0.96, P < 0.05 vs RAF longer than 6 months).

CONCLUSIONThe data suggest I(K1) current increase might contribute to the electrical remodeling in RAF patients.

Adult ; Atrial Fibrillation ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium ; metabolism ; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying ; metabolism

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myxoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Vulvar Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical significance of postoperative personalized antithrombotic therapy for patients with hemophilic arthritis (HA) patients after arthroplasty.

METHODSFrom September 2005 to October 2013, 11 cases of arthroplasty for hemophilic arthritis in hip and knee total operation 14 times,including 1 case of double knees (calculated as one operation), operation in left knees 6 times, operation in right knees 5 times, 2 in hip. All the patients were male and the age ranged from 23 to 57 years old,with an average of (36.1 ± 11.0) years old; the average weight was (64.1 ± 8.9) kg. All the patients were preoperatively diagnosed and classified as hemophilic arthritis with the radiological images and laboratory tests. According to the function of joints, the risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE), and dynamic observation of Factor VIII:C (FVIII:C) activity, patients were treated with personalized antithrombus by adjusting the dosage of recombinant human coagulation factor VIII (Kogenate FS). All the patients were orderly divided into postoperatively distal joints moving group and none-moving group to observe the coagulation function.

RESULTSThe enrolled patients had no postoperative complication of VTE and pulmonary embolism (PE). The APTT and D-2 were different between two groups in the postoperative early stage. Length of hospital day was shorter in the moving group than none-moving group.

CONCLUSIONBecause of the self-coagulation disorder, patients with HA tended to bleed. However it doesn't mean that there is no risk of postoperative thrombosis. Therefore,it's important to determine how to control the balance between postoperative antithrombus, hemostasis,and coagulation factor replacement therapy after arthroplasty for HA. Postoperative moving has proved helpful for HA, especially in reducing the risk of hemostasis and shortening the time in hospital.

Adult ; Arthritis ; surgery ; Arthroplasty ; adverse effects ; Factor XIII ; metabolism ; Hemophilia A ; complications ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Thrombosis ; prevention & control ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the features of intellectual development in children with language disorder.

METHODSThe developmental quotients (DQs) of motor, object, language and social abilities were evaluated in 300 children with language disorder by Gesell Developmental Schedules.

RESULTSAll the 300 children had normal mean DQs of motor ability and lower mean DQs of object, language, and social abilities. Of all children, 31.0% had abnormal motor ability, 49.0% had abnormal object ability, and 52.7% had abnormal social ability. The DQ of language ability was significantly positively correlated with the DQs of the other three abilities (r=0.506, 0.644, and 0.711 respectively, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSChildren with language disorder may have abnormal motor ability, adaptive behavior, and personal-social behavior. Diagnostic intellectual development evaluation and comprehensive intervention for other developmental abnormalities should be performed for these children.

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intelligence ; Language Development ; Language Disorders ; psychology ; Male ; Motor Activity

Humans ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; pathology ; therapy

AIMTo investigate the transformation of characteristics of epidermal cells from foreskin which were used to reconstruct male rabbit anterior urethra in combination with acellular collagen matrices.

METHODSIn three rabbits, autologous foreskin epidermal cells were isolated, expanded in vitro, and seeded (inoculated) onto a tubular acellular collagen matrix, acquired from allogeneic rabbit bladder submucosa. A urethral mucosal defect was created, and urethral reconstruction was performed with the tubular acellular collagen matrix seeded with epidermal cells.

RESULTSOn gross examination at 12 months following the procedure, the mucosa of the urethral grafts appeared lubricous and smooth. Urethrography showed that a wide urethral caliber had been maintained without any sign of strictures. Histological examination showed a transitional cell layer in the graft without evidence of a margin between the graft and the host tissue at 12 months postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONEpidermal cells seeded onto acellular collagen matrices can be successfully used to reconstruct urethras that have defects and are transformed to transitional epithelial cells.

Animals ; Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Collagen ; Epidermis ; cytology ; Foreskin ; cytology ; Graft Survival ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; cytology ; Rabbits ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Tissue Culture Techniques ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urethral Stricture ; surgery