Female ; Humans ; Hypophosphatemia ; etiology ; Middle Aged ; Osteomalacia ; etiology ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; complications

Visual perceptual learning refers to the special improvement of perceptual performance benefit from repetitive training with a visual task.A typical time course of visual perceptual learning presents an initial rapid improvement,and then gradually processes like an asymptote in gain.During the process of perceptual learning,the influence of critical amount and perceptual learning rules on learning effect,memory consolidation and interference,and the role of sleep on preventing interference and promoting consolidation in perceptual learning,all get involved.This article reviewed the aforesaid content and then elaborated some strategies in application of visual perceptual learning in the treatment of amblyopia.

Autophagy is an active research area in the biomedical field as its role has been identified in many physiological and pathological processes. Accordingly, there is a growing demand to identify, quantify and manipulate the process accurately. Meanwhile, there is great interest in identifying compounds that modulate autophagy because they may have applications in the treatment of a variety of autophagy-related diseases. In this review, we summarize the current status of autophagy screening systems to facilitate identification of autophagy modulators.
Autophagy ; Humans

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor on hypoxia responses in mammalian tissues. HIF-1 plays as a positive factor in solid tumor and leads to hypoxia-driven responses that enhance its downstream gene expression for tumor growth and survival. LXY6099 was obtained by the structural modification and optimization of manassantin A (MA) as a high potent HIF-1 inhibitor. Antitumor activity of LXY6099 was observed in this study. LXY6099 with an IC50 value of 2.46 x 10(-10) mol x L(-1) showed more sensitive inhibition activity to HIF-1 than that of MA detected by reporter gene assay (> 100 folds). It showed strong inhibition on the growth of human solid tumor cell lines. Furthermore, LXY6099 exhibited significant antitumor activity against established human tumor xenografts in nu/nu mice with treatment of MX-1 breast cancer. Thus, LXY6099 as a novel HIF-1 inhibitor could be further developed into anti-cancer agents.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; metabolism ; Lignans ; pharmacology ; Mice, Nude

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Interleukin-1beta ; pharmacology ; Male ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitriles ; toxicity ; Pyrethrins ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Young Adult

Animals ; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Motor Activity ; physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Physical Exertion ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

Forms and Records Control ; methods ; Humans ; Pathology, Clinical ; methods

Aim To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and summarize the treatment experience, aiming to provide diagnostic and treatment reference for the front-line clinicians. Methods Seventy-nine patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Infectious Hospital of Anhui Provincial Hospital from January 22 to February 18, 2020 were selected as the research subjects. There were 55 cases in general group and 24 cases in severe and critical group. The clinical data of the two groups were collected and compared, including general conditions, clinical symptoms, signs, laboratory tests, computed tomography imaging of the lungs and complications. Results The average age of 79 COVID-19 patients was 45. 1 ± 16. 6 years, and forty-five of them are males. The severe and critical group was older than the general group. Besides, there were more males and comorbidities. In terms of laboratory tests, the lymphocyte (LYM) count and albumin (A L B) decreased more significantly in the severe and critical groups. Moreover, the percentage of neutrophils (N E U), c-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (L D H), troponin I (cTnl) and urea nitrogen (BUN) increased significantly. Among all the patients, the types of antiviral drugs in severe and critical group were significantly more than those in general group; moreover, the glucocorticoids, gamma globulin and oxygen inhalation by nasal catheter were used more frequently in severe and critical patients. By the time of February 18, one patient died of acute large area cerebral infarction, 34 patients were discharged from hospital, and the rest were still receiving treatment. Conclusions The elderly patients with multiple cardiovascular diseases are more likely to get severe and critical COVID-19. They usually combine multiple organ or system abnormalities. Clinicians should make timely judgment and adjust the treatment plan according to the clinical symptoms, signs and laboratory examination results.