AlM: To explore the inhibiting effect of FTY720 on corneal neovascularization ( CNV) of rat.METHODS: MTT assay and cells scratch were adopted to observe hyperplasia of human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( HUVECs ) and cell migration induced by sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1P) after using FTY720 of different concentration. The effect of FTY720 on CNV induced by S1P in a rat corneal micropocket model was detected. 30SD rats were randomly divided into group A, group B and group C with 10 rats per group. S1P and 0μg, 5μg, and 20μg FTY720 controlled-released particles were implanted into the corneal stroma. The growth of CNV and having pathological examination on 12d after the operation was observed. Findings was analyzed by one-way ANOVA.RESULTS: 10, 102 , 103 , and 104 nmol/L FTY720 and HUVECs co-incubate 72h could inhibit cell proliferation (P < 0. 01 ), 24h after the function of 10, 100nmol/L FTY720, it could inhibit S1P-induced cell migration and the ability of restricting cell proliferation and cell migration was enhanced with increasing concentration of FTY720. On 12d, after rat corneal micropocket controlled-release particles was implanted into groups A, B, C, the CNV area were respectively 10. 05±1. 19, 6. 59±0. 95, 2. 70± 0.68mm2(F=145. 155, P<0. 01), group A and group B was statistically different and this was the same case between group B and group C (P<0. 01).CONCLUSlON:FTY720 can inhibit S1P-induced corneal neovascularization.

A chiral LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous analysis of desvenlafaxine (DVS) enantiomers in human plasma was developed and applied to a pharmacokinetic study on 12 Chinese healthy volunteers. d6-Desvenlafaxine was used as internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was performed on the Astec Chirobiotic V chiral column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The assay was linear over the concentration range of 0.500-150 ng x mL(-1) for both enantiomers (r2 > 0.99). The method was successfully applied to a stereoselective pharmacokinetic study of 100 mg desvenlafaxine sustained release tablets on 12 Chinese healthy volunteers under fasting conditions. The results showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters were similar to both enantiomers in Chinese healthy volunteers. The AUC(0-t), and C(max) of the two enantiomers were about 1.5 times higher than those of blacks and whites reported in the literature.
Administration, Oral ; Area Under Curve ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cyclohexanols ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Desvenlafaxine Succinate ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Plasma ; chemistry ; Stereoisomerism ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective Pathophysiology has high comprehensiveness and practical characteristics. Developing analytical capacity is a major teaching aim of Pathophysiology. This study was aimed to build up the basic knowledge of pathophysiology and develop a critical approach through comparative case learning in medical students. Methods A pair of related cases were chosen in this study. Comparative case learning was performed in our lecture. Case analysis was tested before and after comparative case learning,and a self-evaluation was accessed after comparative case learning. The scores of case-analyzing test and self-evaluation assessment were statistically analyzed. Results Using“comparative case learning”in pathophysiology could improve medical students' case-analyzing score,especially in clinical syndrome analyzing examination questions(difficult examination questions). There was a significant correlation between high score of clinical syndrome analyzing examination and students' self-evaluation. ConclusionComparative case learning could improve the analytical,data searching and comprehensive abilities,thereby enhancing a case-analyzing ability in medical students.

The clinical characteristics of patients who presented in poor clinical grade due to ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms (MCAAs) associated with large sylvian hematomas (SylH) were analyzed and an ingenious designed prophylactic hinged craniectomy was introduced. Twenty-eight patients were graded into Hunt-Hess grades IV-V and emergency standard micro-neurosurgeries (aneurysm clipping, hematoma evacuation and prophylactic hinged craniectomy) were performed, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. 46.43% of the patients reached encouraged favorable outcomes on discharge. The favorable outcome group and the poor outcome group significantly differed in terms of patients' anisocoria, Hunt-Hess grade before surgery, extent of the midline shift and time to the surgery after bleeding (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in age, sex, volume and location of the hematoma, size of aneurysm between the favorable and poor groups (P>0.05). However, ingenious designed prophylactic hinged craniectomy efficiently reduced the patients' intracranial pressure (ICP) after surgery. It was suggested that preoperative conditions such as Hunt-Hess grading, extent of the midline shift and the occurrence of cerebral hernia affect the prognosis of patients, but time to the surgery after bleeding and prophylactic hinged craniectomy are of significant importance for optimizing the prognosis of MCAA patients presenting with large SylH.

To investigate the role of ligustrazine on relaxation of the isolated rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue in vitro, the effects of ligustrazine on the corpus cavernosum were observed by using experimental method of smooth muscle strips. Concentration-responses to phenylephine (PE) and KCl were recorded. The results showed that ligustrazine concentration-dependently depressed the contraction response of smooth muscle strips induced by PE. The maximum percentage relaxation of cavernosal strips by ligustrazine was 74.1% +/- 6.2% (compared with control: 21.9% +/- 5.6%, P < 0.01). Ligustrazine concentration-dependently reduced the amplitude of the contraction induced by cumulative doses of PE or KCl, shifted the cumulative concentration response curves of PE and KCI to the right and depressed their maximal responses. It was concluded that ligustrazine could significantly relax the cavernosal muscle contraction induced by PE in vitro. The results suggested that ligustrazine inhibited calcium ion influx.
Calcium Channels/drug effects ; Muscle Contraction/*drug effects ; Muscle Relaxation/*drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth/*drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth/physiology ; Penis/*drug effects ; Penis/physiology ; Phenylephrine/pharmacology ; Potassium Chloride/pharmacology ; Pyrazines/*pharmacology

By means of genetic cloning and recombinant techniques, full genome cDNA sequences of rotavirus strain TB-Chen were isolated from an infantile hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis. Nucleotide sequences analyses showed that the full genome of strain TB-Chen contains 18613 nucleotides, encoding 5791 amino acids. Genotyping results showed that the strain TB-Chen belongs to genotype G2P[4]/NSp4[A]. This is the first report on a full genome of Group A rotavirus in China, and has important significance for deep understanding structure and functions of rotaviruses and developing rotavirus vaccines.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Yuquan Pill (YP) on proinflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).

METHODSNinety patients with DM2 were randomly divided into the treated group and the control group by the ratio of 2:1. Both groups were treated with Glucobay on the base of dietary and exercise therapy for 3 months, with YP, given to the treated group additionally 6 g four times a day. And the changes of proinflammatory cytokines, including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), etc. were observed.

RESULTSThe levels of serum CRP,TNF-alpha and IL-6 significantly lowered after treatment in both groups (P<0.01), and the improvement in the treated group was superior to that in the control group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONYP could reduce the levels of the increased proinflammatory cytokines in patients with DM2.

Acarbose ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Aged ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; drug therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between phlegm-stasis syndrome (PSS) and the fibrinolytic status in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL).

METHODSSeventy patients with NAFL were divided into the PSS group and non-PSS group according to TCM Syndrome typing, and a control group consisted of 28 healthy subjects was set up. Levels of plasminogen (PLG), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and D-dimer were determined and compared.

RESULTSThe activity of t-PA in NAFL patients was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and PLG and PAI-1 were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). In respect to the TCM Syndrome typing, in patients of PSS, t-PA was significantly lower and PLG, PAI-1 were significantly higher than those in patients of non-PSS (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while D-dimer was insignificantly different between patients of the two Syndrome types (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONNAFL patients of PSS type shows significant lower of fibrinolytic activity, indicating that there is certain degree of microcirculatory disturbance and hyper viscosity state, so the application of dissolving phlegm and dispelling stasis principle in treating NAFL is significant.

Adult ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fatty Liver ; blood ; diagnosis ; Female ; Fibrinolysis ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Plasminogen ; metabolism ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; blood ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; blood

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Xuesaitong soft capsule (XST) on liver fibrosis criteria in patients with post-hepatitis fibrosis.

METHODSSixty-four patients with such fibrosis were randomly divided into the treated group and control group. They were treated with XST and Dahuang Zhechong pill (NFDA1) for 3 months respectively. Their liver fibrosis criteria were examined before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe levels of serum procollagen III, hyaluronic acid, collagen IV, laminin in the two groups were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those before treatment. The differences between the two groups were insignificant (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONXST could recover liver dysfunction and had anti-liver fibrosis function.

Adult ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Humans ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo assess the clinical utility of liver fibrosis indexes determination in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

METHODSLiver fibrosis indexes of 79 patients with fatty liver, diagnosed by B ultrasonic echography, 37 patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis patients and 32 healthy subjects were determined.

RESULTSThe level of procollagen III(PC III), hyaluronic acid (HA), collagen IV(C IV), laminin (LN) in the fatty liver cases were significantly higher than those of healthy subjects (P<0.05 - 0.01), but lower than those in the liver cirrhosis cases (P<0.01). The difference of PC III, C IV, LN between the severe and early fatty liver cases was significant (P<0.05 - 0.01). Positive rate of these indexes was higher in severe cases.

CONCLUSIONThere is a trend of liver fibrosis in severe fatty liver patients. Combined determination of liver fibrosis indexes may help the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in the fatty liver patients.

Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Collagen Type III ; blood ; Collagen Type IV ; blood ; Fatty Liver ; blood ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; blood ; Laminin ; blood ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography