Bilirubin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Materia Medica ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

OBJECTIVEEstablishment of determination method of carbon disulfide in charcoal tube with low toxicity solvents desorption-gas chromatography.

METHODSFour types of solvent with low toxicity are applied respectively as substitution of benzene to desorb the carbon disulfide in samples of charcoal tube. The signal strength and desorption efficiency of the detector are compared by using different solvents.

RESULTSChloroform has been considered as the best alternative solvent of benzene. Carbon disulfide has a good linearity (R = 0.9997) over the concentration of 0 ∼ 54.7 µg/ml, detection limit can reach 0.2 µg/ml. When the sampling volume is 3.0 L, the minimum detectable concentration is 0.07 mg/m(3).

CONCLUSIONWith the use of chloroform, the health hazard to laboratory personnel and environment pollution as well as the costs of experiments are reduced.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Carbon Disulfide ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Solvents ; analysis ; Workplace

A rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method is developed for the qualitative identification of constituents in the flower buds of seven Lonicera species. The optimal condition of separation and detection were achieved on an AcQuity UPLC BEH C18 column with a gradient elution with acetonitrile and 0.1% acetic acid within 17 min. Among the 33 constituents detected, 6 caffeoylquinic acids (including caffeic acid), 8 flavonoids and 8 iridoid glycosides were characterized based on their fragmentation patterns in collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments and/or by comparison with standard compounds. In addition, to statistically establish the correlation and discrimination of the Lonicera species, principle component analysis (PCA) was applied in this study. Lonicera samples were divided into well-defined groups directly related to their species based on PCA in terms of the log transformed relative contents of the major caffeoylquinic acids (including caffeic acid) as the variables. All of results indicated that the method presented here is able to classify the sample species and to reveal characteristic details of the chemical constituents of different Lonicera species.
Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; classification ; Principal Component Analysis ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between thinprep cytologic test and the types of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in cervical precancerous lesion screening.

METHODSTo perform high-risk HPV types test in 1375 samples. Choose 256 positive samples to take thinprep cytologic test (TCT) and directed biopsies under colposcopy. Adopting two-channels real time PCR to genotype and quantify eight high risk HPV DNA (high risk types: HPV 16, 18, 45, 31; intermediate risk types: HPV 33, 52, 58, 67).

RESULTSThere are 256 positive samples in High risk HPV DNA test (18.62%). WNL rate for TCT is 16.41% (42/256), ASCUS and above rate for TCT is 83.59% (214/256). There is no statistically significant difference in the viral loads of HPV infection rate between the TCT negative patients and positive patients (P > 0.5). Positive correspondence rate for TCT and biopsy are 92.86% (39/42), 81.36% (48/59), 85.19% (23/27) and 9/10.

CONCLUSIONHigh-risk HPV types checking combined with TCT and biopsy can raise positive rate significantly. It should be used as a reliable method for early diagnosis in cervical cancer and CIN screening.

Alphapapillomavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Cytodiagnosis ; methods ; Early Detection of Cancer ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Papillomavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; pathology ; virology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; virology

Comparative analysis of variable region ORF14/15 genes of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) genome in Guangxi Penaeus vannamei (P. vannamei) could provide useful information for the evaluation of genetic diversity and genetic evolutionary relationship among WSSV isolates from Guangxi, China and other places. Based on geographical and temporal considerations, 40 WSSV-positive P. vannamei samples were collected during the period between May 2010 and July 2013 from Beihai, Qinzhou, and Fangchenggang, which were the main P. vannamei production areas in Guangxi, and the variable region ORF14/15 genes of the WSSV genome from all infected samples were amplified by PCR and then subjected to cloning and sequence analysis. Pairwise and multiple alignment analysis was then conducted to evaluate the degree of genetic divergence between different strains. The variable region ORF14/15 genes from 25 of 40 WSSV positive samples were successfully cloned and sequenced; among the ORF14/15 genes of 25 WSSV-positive strains, 22 was 619 bp in length and 3 was 620 bp. All the 25 Guangxi strains carried a 5949-bp deletion in the ORF14/15 region relative to TH-96-II, which has the longest nucleotide sequence in this region; the deletion of Guangxi strains occurred in the middle region of ORF14/15 gene, with only 190 bp and 429 bp/ 430 bp at 5' and 3' ends, respectively, which were coincident with WSSV-IN-05-I in deletion length and position. Sixteen of 25 Guangxi strains had completely identical nucleotide sequences in the variable re gion, and the homology between other strains also exceeded 97.9%. There were single nucleotide substi tution, deletion, and insertion in the ORF14/15 region of Guangxi strains compared with other strains in GenBank. In the phylogenetic tree based on WSSV variable region ORF14/15, the Guangxi strains were closely related and formed a separate branch with Indian strain IN-05-I, but far from other strains in GenBank. The ORF14/15 gene of WSSV isolates in cultured P. vannamei in Guangxi has a large deletion in the middle of the variable region, and the Guangxi WSSV strains show no significant spatio-temporal differences; the Guangxi strains are closer in genetics to Indian strain IN-05-I than other strains in GenBank.
Animals ; China ; Cloning, Molecular ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genome, Viral ; genetics ; Genomics ; Penaeidae ; virology ; Phylogeny ; White spot syndrome virus 1 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the biological exposure index of carbon disulfide in China.

METHODSHigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect the levels of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) in the urine of the workers after working shift end, Gas chromatography was used to detect the concentrations of the carbon disulfide in the workplace air. The relationship between the urine TTCA levels and the concentrations of the carbon disulfide was analyzed, the biological exposure index and judgement result from PC-TWA were compared.

RESULTSThe levels of TTCA in urine of workers occupationally exposed to carbon disulfide were closely and positively related with the concentrations of the carbon disulfide in the workplace air. The regression equation was Y = 0.265X - 0.165, The biological exposure index of carbon disulfide were calculated by regression equation according to occupational exposure limits of carbon disulfide in China.

CONCLUSIONThe biological exposure index of CS(2) in China might be revised for 1.2 mg/g Cr.

Carbon Disulfide ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Thiazolidines ; urine ; Threshold Limit Values ; Workplace

OBJECTIVEEstablishment of determination method of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) in urine with HPLC.

METHODSA volume of 0.5 ml hydrochloric acid (2 mol/L) and 0.5 ml pure water was added into 1 ml urine, and then extracted by 4 ml of diethyl ether by shaking for 2 min. Remove the water phase in a tube with plug and extract again, mix the two extraction diethyl ether together, take 4 ml by adding 2 ml borax-monopotassium phosphate buffer and shaking for 2 min to extract, then take the water phase to detect. A C(18) column and UV detector were used for separating and detecting. The wavelength was 273 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, and the injection volume was 20 µl.

RESULTSTTCA has a good linearity (r = 0.9995) over the concentration of1 1 ∼ 10 µg and the minimum detectable concentration of TTCA in urine was 0.1 µg/ml. The within-day precision (RSD) were 8.4%, 3.0% and 1.7%, the between-day precision (RSD) were 11%, 3.8%, 1.9%, respectively. The extraction recovery were between 80% ∼ 102%.

CONCLUSIONThe method was accurate and sensitive to detect TTCA in urine.

Carbon Disulfide ; urine ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Humans ; Thiazolidines ; urine

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effect of interleukin-11 (IL-11) on high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) induced mucositis in Wistar's rats, the proliferative effect on CEM leukemia cell line and the antitumor effect on HDMTX.

METHODSNinety-five 5-week old, 120 - 150 grams weight Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Group A is normal control (n = 15), group B MTX control (n = 20), group C IL-11 pretreatment group before MTX injection (n = 20), group D (n = 20) the high dose IL-11 group (475 microg.kg(-1).d(-1)) after MTX injection, group E (n = 20) the low dose IL-11 group (150 microg.kg(-1).d(-1)) after MTX injection. All rats in group B approximately E were given 1 ml MTX intraperitoneally (100 mg/kg). Rats were killed at day 1, 3, 5, 7 after MTX injection. The mortality rates, changes of small intestine tissue morphology and ultra structure were observed. The proliferation of small intestine crypt cell was assayed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemical staining. MTT method was used to detect the proliferation of CEM cell line.

RESULTIL-11 treatment resulted in a significant increase of survival of HDMTX treated rats, increased of small intestinal villus length and villus/crypt ratio. IL-11 administration was associated with enhancement of small intestine mucosa recovery after HDMTX therapy. Group C showed a greater effect than group B (P < 0.01). IL-11 had no effect on CEM cell proliferation.

CONCLUSIONIL-11 has a significant mitigating effect on high-dose MTX induced intestinal mucositis in rat, and significantly increase the survival of the rats. IL-11 could be safely used in the HDMTX treatment of childhood acute lymphocyte leukemia.

Animals ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; toxicity ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-11 ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Intestine, Small ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Methotrexate ; toxicity ; Microscopy, Electron ; Mucositis ; chemically induced ; mortality ; prevention & control ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; analysis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Survival Rate

Objective To study the proliferation of CRTH2 (CD4+ CD294+ Th2)cells promoted by pneumococcal vaccine through antigen presentation of dendritic cells (DCs),so as to provide a new approach for amplification and sorting of Th2 cells.Methods CDs induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cocultured with T lym-phocytes after loading pneumococcal vaccine antigen,mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR)was detected by cell count-ing kit-8(CCK8),DCs and CRTH2 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results Pneumococcal vaccine could promote the maturation of DCs,together with TNF-a,it was adjuvant for maturation of DCs.Pneumococcal vaccine antigen-loaded DCs could increase the rate of subsets of CRTH2 cells on day 5([0.93±0.10]%)compared with day 1([0.70±0.02]%),and absolute number also increased (both P <0.05).Conclusion Amplification of CRTH2 cells can be greatly promoted by pneumococcal vaccine antigen-loaded DCs,which might be one of the effective way to induce amplification of Th2 cells.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical manifestations, radiologic findings, pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary osteosarcoma in elderly patients.

METHODSTwelve cases of primary osteosarcoma occurring in patients older than 60 years were encountered during the period from 1985 to 2010. The clinical manifestations, radiologic features and pathologic findings were studied and the follow-up data were analyzed.

RESULTSThe sites of involvement included long bones (number = 7), ilium (number = 1), craniofacial bones (number = 2) and soft tissue (number = 2). Radiologic examination showed a mixture of osteosclerotic and osteolytic lesions in 10 patients, soft tissue lesions with high-density areas in 2 patients and soft tissue lesions with periosteal reaction in 8 patients. Histologically, most cases showed features of conventional osteosarcoma. There were 2 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma-like osteosarcoma, 2 cases of chondroblastic osteosarcoma and 1 case of well-differentiated intraosseous osteosarcoma. Immunohistochemical study played little role in pathologic diagnosis. Ten patients had undergone amputation, including one patient who had received adjuvant chemotherapy beforehand. Nine patients had follow-up information available. Three of them died of lung metastasis and 1 died of cardiovascular disease.

CONCLUSIONSPrimary osteosarcoma rarely occurs in elderly patients and can easily be missed. Correlation with clinical, radiologic and histologic features is important for arriving at a correct diagnosis.

12E7 Antigen ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Chondrosarcoma ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Femoral Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ilium ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteitis Deformans ; pathology ; Osteosarcoma ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Radiography ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism