Background Postoperative endophthalmitis following intraocular lens(IOL)implantation is still one of the most feared complications of cataract surgery.Bacterial adhesion to IOLs during their insertion is a prominent etiological factor.The adhesion characteristics of bacteria to IOL are very vital for the prevention of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.Objective The present study was to observe the in vitro adherence ability of Staphylococcus epidermidis to different intraocular lenses(IOLs)and compare the results in bacterial counting between scanning electron microscopy(SEM)photographs and quantitative cultures. Methods Five types of IOLs,including hydrophobic acrylic IOL,polymethylmethaerylate(PMMA)IOL,heparin-surface-modified(HSM) PMMA IOL,silicone(SI)IOL and hydrophilic acrylic IOL,were put into S.epidermidis(ATCC 12228)suspension for 1 hour.The bacterial adhesion numbers on the IOL surfaces were counted by quantitative cultures and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) photographs. Results Quantitative culture counting of viable adherent bacteria released by sonication showed that hydrophobic acrylic IOL and PMMA IOL were more likely for bacteria to attach.The number of bacteria on the five types of IOL surfaces showed significant differences(F=100.084,P=0.000).No significant differences were found in the number of bacteria between hydrophilic acrylic IOL and HSM-PMMA IOL (t=2.285,P=0.052)with the quantitative culture method.Direct counting of adherent bacteria in SEM photographs revealed that there were significant differences in bacterial adhesion numbers among difierent IOL material groups,with the numbers from high to low as follows:Hydrophobic IOL＞PMMA IOL＞SI IOL＞Hydrophilic IOL＞HSM-PMMA IOL(F=118.065,P=0.000).The counting method by SEM method was superior to that by quantitative cultures (t=5.019,P=0.000). Conclusion The bacterial adhesion ability varies upon the difference of IOL materials.Less bacterial adhesion is found on hydrophilic acrylic IOL and HSM-PMMA IOL,implying that the use of IOLs made from these two materials during surgery could diminish the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis and intraocular inflammation associated with IOLs implantation.

On the base of element and metabolism balancing,the mathematic model of the human-like collagen expression phase with recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 was developed and the unknown parameters in the model were estimated with the method of nonlinear optimization.The model was in agreement with the growth kinetics and the metabolic kinetics,and the key calculated parameters of ?h,?p and mx were 1.173 mol?C-mol-1,293.814 mol?C-mol-1 and 17.878 mol?C-mol-1?h-1 respectively.This model could preferably predict the macroscopic reaction rates,and in the synthesis phase of human-like collagen,the specific growth rate should be controlled at 0.04 h-1 with controlling glucose feeding rate to gain the highest specific production rate of human-like collagen.

12E7 Antigen ; Adolescent ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Nephrectomy ; Neuroblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Venae Cavae ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Wilms Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology

Numerous interpolation-based methods have been described for reducing metal artifacts in CT images, but due to the limit of the interpolation methods, interpolation alone often fails to meet the clinical demands. In this paper, we describe the use of quartic polynomial interpolation in reconstruction of the images of the metal implant followed by linear interpolation to eliminate the streaks. The two interpolation methods are combined according to their given weights to achieve good results.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Dental Prosthesis ; Humans ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Hemangioma ; pathology ; Hemangiosarcoma ; pathology ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Bleomycin A5 on infancy hemangioma.

METHODSAfter intralesional injection of Bleomycin A5 into the tumor of animal model of infancy hemangioma, the variation of tumor form was and the variation of tumor structure were observed using light microscope and electron microscope, the variation of tumor gene expression spectra was also tested by DNA microarray technique.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the tumor gradually shrunk, hardened, disappeared one month later. The tumor lost appearance of infancy hemangioma and replaced by lamellar collagen fibers and cellular nucleus scattered in the fibers, and almost all cells were necrotic and dissolved. Under electron microscope, only large stretches of dissolved cell could be seen without intact cells and blood vessels, but apoptotic cells and bodies could also be found. The results of DNA microarray analysis showed that 9 genes associated with apoptosis (murine double minute 2, heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit, lymphotoxin B receptor, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily 7, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 21, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 1A, myeloid cell leukemia-1, caspase3), 13 genes associated with cell proliferation and cell cycle (cell division cycle27, cell division cycle37, CDC28 protein kinase 1B, cycling B1, cullin 2, cullin 3, cullin 4A, growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45A, meiotic recombination 11 homolog B, forkhead box M1, minichromosome maintenance 7, antigen identified by monoclonal antibody ki 67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen), and 11 genes associated with cellular stress and toxic reaction (glutathione peroxidase 1, metallothioneins, superoxide dismutase-1, heat shock protein A1A, heat shock protein A2, heat shock protein A4, heat shock protein A5, heat shock protein 9B, heat shock protein CA, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor)were up or down regulated more than 2 folds in tumors treated with Bleomycin A5 compared with controls.

CONCLUSIONSThe therapeutic effect of Bleomycin A5 on infancy hemangioma is the synthetic results of multiple factors. Bleomycin A5 could not only induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation, but also depressed the ability of cell stress and toxic reaction.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bleomycin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hemangioma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude

Adenovirus transfection technique was used in the current study to show if thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) overexpression can induce cell apoptosis and injury in H9C2 cardiomyocytes cultured in normal glucose condition. And the mechanisms were then investigated. Briefly, H9C2 cardiomyocytes in logarithmic growth phase were randomly divided into three groups: normal cultured group, empty adenovirus vector group (Ad-eGFP) and TXNIP overexpression group (Ad-TXNIP-eGFP). All cells were cultured in DMEM containing normal concentration of glucose (5 mmol/L) and lipid. 72 h after adenovirus transfection, cells and culture mediums were collected for further assay. The results showed that Ad-eGFP and Ad-TXNIP-eGFP adenovirus transfected H9C2 cells successfully, and the transfection efficiency reached the peak at 72 h. Compared with Ad-eGFP group, Ad-TXNIP-eGFP transfection significantly increased TXNIP mRNA (P < 0.05) and protein expression level (P < 0.01). TXNIP overexpression induced remarkable cell apoptosis and injury as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activity (P < 0.05), apoptotic rate (P < 0.01) and LDH activity (P < 0.01). To further analysis the mechanisms of TXNIP-induced cell apoptosis, we also determined Trx activity, Trx related free radical injury and p38 kinase activation, which are involved in free radical induced apoptosis. The results showed that, compared with those in Ad-eGFP group, Trx activity was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), while malondialdehyde (MDA), 3-nitrotyrosine contents and p38 kinase activity were significantly increased (P < 0.01) in TXNIP overexpression group. These results suggest that TXNIP overexpression alone can induce severe apoptosis and injury in H9C2 cardiomyocytes even they are cultured in normal glucose and lipid concentration conditions. The mechanism involved is that overexpressed TXNIP can bind and inhibit Trx, impairs its antioxidative and antiapoptotic function, and then increases free radical induced injury and p38 kinase dependent apoptosis.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Genetic Vectors ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; Rats ; Thioredoxins ; metabolism

Radiotracer techniques were employed to characterize (65)Zn adsorption and desorption in root-cell-wall of hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) and non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE) species of Sedum alfredii Hance. The results indicated that at the end of a 30 min short time radioisotope loading period, comparable amounts of (65)Zn were accumulated in the roots of the two ecotypes Sedum alfredii, whereas 2.1-fold more (65)Zn remains in NHE root after 45-min desorption. At the end of 60 min uptake period, no difference of (65)Zn accumulation was observed in undesorbed root-cell-wall of Sedum alfredii. However, 3.0-fold more (65)Zn accumulated in desorbed root-cell-wall of NHE. Zn(2+) binding in root-cell-wall preparations of NHE was greater than that in HE under high Zn(2+) concentration. All these results suggested that root-cell-wall of the two ecotypes Sedum alfredii had the same ability to adsorb Zn(2+), whereas the desorption characteristics were different, and with most of (65)Zn binding on root of HE being available for loading into the xylem, as a result, more (65)Zn was translocated to the shoot.
Adsorption ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Cells, Cultured ; Kinetics ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Plant Roots ; cytology ; metabolism ; Sedum ; cytology ; metabolism ; Zinc ; pharmacokinetics

OBJECTIVETo express solute carrier 26A proteins in HEK-293 cells and explore their functions.

METHODSSLC26A-eGFP plasmids were transiently transfected into HEK-293 cells, and the nonlinear capacitance of the cells expressing SLC26A proteins was measured by whole-cell patch recording.

RESULTSAll the SLC26A transporters were expressed on the membrane of HEK-293 cells. Each member of the SLC26A transporter family showed robust nonlinear capacitance, which represented their binding capability with anions.

CONCLUSIONThe SLC26A transporters expressed on HEK cells show similar functions as expected in tissue environment. The plasmids we constructed facilitate structural and functional study of SLC26A transporters.

Anion Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of MSH3 knock-down on sensitivity of tongue cancer cells to cisplatin.

METHODSThree small interfering RNA (siRNA) fragments targeting MSH3 CDS region were synthesized and transfected into CAL27 cells via Lipofectamine. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to assess the efficiency of MSH3 silencing. MTS, apoptosis staining and cell immunofluorescence assay were used to examine the cisplatin sensitivity, apoptosis and DNA repair of transfected CAL27 cells.

RESULTSs One of the 3 siRNAs was found to significantly reduce the expression of MSH3 protein in CAL27 cells (P<0.05). MTS assay showed that MSH3 silencing resulted in an significant reduction of IC50 of cisplatin from 21.32 to 13.95 µmol/L (P<0.05) and increased the apoptotic index of the exposed cells from 4.23∓1.27 to 11.32∓1.82 (P<0.05). Immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that silencing MSH3 markedly reduced the number of γ-H2AX foci.

CONCLUSIONSilencing MSH3 can significantly increase cisplatin sensitivity of tongue cancer cells, the mechanism of which involves mainly attenuation of repair of DNA double-strand damage in the cells.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; MutS Homolog 3 Protein ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tongue Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Transfection