Urinary calculus is a common disease of urinary system.With the improvement of people's living standard,the incidence rate of urinary calculus increased year by year.Compared with other methods,spiral CT has a great advantage in the diagnosis of urinary calculus.The current commonly used examinations including spiral CT plain scan,low dose spiral CT scan,CT urography,and dual source dual energy CT imaging.The advantages and characteristics of different types of CT are analyzed and compared,which is helpful for clinicians to choose the most proper examination,to make the most of the advantages of various checks,so as to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and effectiveness of treatment.

Child ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Rh Isoimmunization ; immunology

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the expression changes of cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the wound time following explosive injury to rabbit's chest. METHODS: The rabbit's model of explosive injury was established. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha in the plasma were detected by ELISA method at different wound time (0.5-12h). RESULTS: The level of IL-6 increased at 3h after wounding and reached peak at 6 h. The level of IL-8 increased at 1 h and reached peak at 6 h. The level of TNF-alpha increased at 0.5 h and reached peak at 3 h. CONCLUSION IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha have a time-related expression after explosive injury.
Animals ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Explosions ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Interleukin-8/metabolism* ; Rabbits ; Thoracic Injuries/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism*

ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effects, safety of pneumatic lithotripsy and 2 μm laser via transurethral ureteroscope for ureteral calculi accompanied with granulation. Methods27 cases (30 sides) of ureteral calculi accompanied with granulation treated with 2 μm laser and pneumatic lithotripsy via ureteroscope were reviewed. Results28 sides were fragmented successfully in a single procedure. The operation time was 15～45 min (mean 25 min). The intraoperative blood loss was 3～15 ml (mean 5 ml). The postoperative hospitalization time was 3～7 d (mean 5.5 d). 1 upper ureteral stone was pushed back to the renal pelvis and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was needed. The insertion of the ureteroscope was failed in 1 cases, who accepted open operation finally. Double-J tubes were pulled out in all the patients after 1 month, and 26 sides were stone-free. They were followed-up for 3～15 months (mean 8 months), no ureteral stenosis or urinary infection was found. Conclusion2 μm laser and pneumatic lithotripsy via ureteroscope is an effective and safe therapy for ureteral calculi with granulation, especially for those on middle or lower levels.

Objective To explore the relationship between cough variant asthma (CVA) and mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection.Methods Fifty children with CVA were chosen as the experimental group at random,and 50 children with acute upper respiratory infection,who went to the hospital in the same time and with similar age,were chosen as control group.The MP-IgM of children in both groups were tested by the granule agglutinating method.Results Significant difference (? 2=9.013 P

BACKGROUND: By targeting inducing differentiation in vitro,mesenchymal.stem cells(MSCs) transform into osteoblasts,lipocytes,chondrocytes,muscular cells,neuronal cells,etc. Whether Chinese herbs act on induced differentiation of MSCs in rats or not?OBJECTIVE: To study the amplification of MSCs cultured in vitro in SD rats and efficacy of Chinese herbs on targeting inducing differentiation of neuron-like cells.DESIGN: Exploring study with repeated observation and measurement based on cells.SETTING: Department of pathophysiology in a medical college.MATERIALS: Experimental marrow collected from SD male tested-healthy rats.METHODS: By adhesion method,MSCs in rats were isolated for amplifying culture in vitro. Flow-type cell instrument was applied for the determination of its surface antigen expression. Various Chinese herbal components were used for the targeting inducing differentiation of MSCs into neuron-like cells. The cellular morphology was observed under optical microscope. and the specific antigen label of neuronal cells was determined with immunocyto-chemical method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Results of MSCs isolation and amplification;②Results of identification of MSCs surface antigen and neuon-like cells.RESULTS: By adhesion method,MSCs in rats were isolated successfully and amplified in a large amount in vitro. It was indicated in the results determined by flow-type cell instrument that CD14,CD1 1α,CD34,CD38,CD45,CD80 and CD86 presented negative,and CD29,CD44,CD90,CD105 and CD166 presented positive. By induced with various kinds of Chinese herbs,like huangqi(Radix Astragali seu Hedysari),tianma(Rhizoma Gastrodiae),renshen (Radix Ginseng),danggui(Radix Angelicae Sinensis),naoxinshu,renshen fengwangjian for 1 to 3 hours,most MSCs transformed into neuron-like cells,presenting soma and neurite. With immunocyto-chemical staining,neuron-specific enolase(NSE) and nestin displayed positive and glial fibrillary acidic protein negative.CONCLUSION: MSCs in SD rats have the potential of multi-targeting differentiation,presenting a strong capacity of amplification and self-replacement. In a suitable inducing condition,MSCs may differentiate into neuron-like cells.

Objective To construct human canstatin gene eukaryotic expression vector and investigate the therapeutic effect of intramuscular canstatin gene delivered by electroporation on tumor growth.Methods Canstatin cDNA was amplified from total RNA extracted from fresh fetal liver by reversing transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The canstatin cDNA fragment was in serted into pEGFP-N1 eukaryotic expression vector.The recombination plasmid was delivered to the quadriceps of the mice with Lewis lung carcinomas by electroporation intramuscular.Fluorescence intension measured by fluorescence microscope,reverse-PCR assay,and immunohistochemistry assay were performed to detect the expression of canstatin gene in the muscle and in circulation.The tumor weight and volume were used to detect the biological effects of canstatin gene delivery.Results Recombinant eukaryotic expression vector of recombinant human canstatin was successfully constructed.The canstatin mRNA was significantly increased in the skeletal muscle and intramuscular delivery of canatatin gene by electroporation acquired the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)/canstatin protein in the circulation and significantly inhibited tumor growth.The percent of the inhibition of tumor weight was 57.7 ％.Conclusions Electroporation mediated gene transfer efficiency in skeletal muscle was compared to simple plasmid injection and lasted for a long time.It was an efficient and safe,convenient and economic,gene transfer methods and might have certain clinical application value.Electroporation mediated canstatin gene transfer in skeletal muscle had obvious inhibitory effect on Lewis lung cancer in mice subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) dispensing is the final step of TCM used for clinical treatment, the stability of TCM dispensing is the guarantee of good clinical effect. Establishment of effect-constituent equivalence for Chinese herbal pieces based on clinical efficacy, can not only guarantee the stability of TCM dispensing, but also relate to the precision of clinical effect. This study chose Coptidis Rhizoma as the model, established effect-constituent equivalence of Coptidis Rhizoma, based on the effect-constituent index already established by our research group, and taking into consideration of homogeneity of clinical dosage and compliance of decoction, the uniformity of dispensing for different specification of Coptidis Rhizoma decoction pieces was studied. This research model was then applied to guide the specification-optimization of Coptidis Rhizoma and its clinical dispensing. The result indicated, effective constituent equivalence could reflect the fluctuation of specification, dosage and decoction to the fluctuation of efficacy; Optimized Coptidis Rhizoma decoction pieces had the characteristic of high homogeneity as for clinical dispensing, good compliance as for decoction, and high effective constituent equivalence. In conclusion, effective constituent equivalence could improve relevance of methods of TCM dispensing control to clinical effect. Preparated Superior-standard Decoction Pieces based on effective constituent equivalence was featured by good quality and a good practice of adjustable dosage, which could promote the development of TCM decoction pieces toward precision medicine.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Therapeutic Equivalency

Objective To lay the foundation for further exploration on parasitifer's defence reaction to pneumolysin through constructing ply gene-deletion strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae and researching on its virulence change. Methods A linker fragment with erm gene in middle and homologous upstream and downstream fragment of ply gene at both sides was prepared by long flanking homology-polymerase chain reaction(LFH-PCR). The linker fragment was transformed into Streptococcus pneumoniae. ply-deficient strain was then screened out from blood plate which contains erythromycin and identified by PCR. ply-deficient strain growth in vitro was observed and virulence change was observed through infecting mouse model. Results PCR results showed that ply gene was replaced completely by erm gene. The ply deficient strain was successfully constructed. The growth of single strain culture medium showed that ply genetic defect made no influence on bacterial's external growth. While in the mice nasal cavity infecting experiment, deficient strain enter into blood after 6 h from infecting which obviously slower than that did wild-type(2 h). And the number of bacteria at each point was much smaller than that of wild-type(P ＜0. 01 ). The mice peritonaeum infecting experiment showed that median lethal time of wild-type was 3 d, while that of deficient strain was 18 d(P＜0. 01). Conclusion It is a good way to completely substitute ply gene using LFH-PCR. ply deletion made no influence on baterial's growth in vitro, but it resulting in reduction of bacterial virulence in vivo.