BACKGROUND:During autologous tendon grafting, the ultimate tensile strength used for suturing the end of the ligament is important for successful surgery. Improving suturing strength and increasing the number of stitches is a good choice for increasing the fixed intensity. But excess amount of stitches can produce too many thread residues, thereby affecting tendon healing.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the essential number of suturing pins for the anterior cruciate ligament revascularization in ligament end suture fixation to reduce suturing thread exposure.
METHODS:(1) In vitro biomechanics test:12 patel ar ligament specimens were divided into two groups:the specimens were sutured with 5 or 3 stitches using Krackow suture method. The suturing thread was J&J tendon suture thread. The strength of tensile was compared between the two groups by Tensile mechanical test was conducted to compare the strength of tensile between the two groups and to explore the optimal number of stitches and suturing method. (2) Clinical application:According to the results of in vitro experiments, modified Krackow suture method was used clinical y for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in 125 cases, including 62 cases receiving 3-stitch suture, and 63 cases undergoing 5-stitch suture.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The fixed strength of tensile at suture sites was over 100 N for 3-stitch double-lock suture and 110 N for 5-stitch double-lock suture. There was no significant difference in the fixed strength between the two groups, but their strength values were both over the breaking strength of suturing materials. Moreover, the fixed strength could not be reduced by suturing throughout the ligament at the first stitch. Al the 125 cases were fol owed for 6.4 months averagely, and both 3-stitch and 5-stitch suture methods achieved good outcomes. The satisfaction rate was up to 99%, and no suture breakage or loosing occurred at early and late stages. These findings suggest that, using 3-stitch double-lock suture method, a satisfactory fixed strength can be achieved with reduced thread exposure. The suturing thread can run through the ligament at the first stitch, which can reduce thread exposure but not reduce the fixed strength.

Cholangitis, Sclerosing ; complications ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; etiology ; Humans

In order to have a better basic research of needle sticking, reports regarding basic research of needle sticking in recent years are arranged and summarized, including the concepts of needle sticking, the history origin, manipulation methods, precautions and selection requirements of needles. In the meanwhile, the reinforcing and reducing manipulation in sticking of the needle is preliminarily analyzed, and based on analysis of ancient records, three hypotheses are proposed: (1) needle sticking partly belongs to reinforcing method; (2) needle sticking partly belongs to reducing method; (3) needle sticking can perform reinforcing and reducing effects according to different manipulations. It is also believed that the needle sticking in modern clinical research is mostly used for reducing effects. However reinforcing and reducing manipulation in sticking of the needle still lacks of the support from ancient literature theory and modern clinical application, which needs to be improved.
Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Needles

Bile Duct Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Hepatic Artery ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Portal Vein ; pathology ; surgery

Liver perfusion technique has been used in drug study for many decades. Liver perfusion has outstanding advantages over other techniques, such as isolated hepatocytes, hepatic cell lines, and hepatocyte membrane vesicles.It is an ideal experimental model used in drug metabolism, drug-drug interactions, and pharmacokinetic studies. Liver perfusion technique, its advantages or disadvantages, and its extensive applications have been reviewed.

The absorption process is an important factor in determining the bioavailability of orally administered drugs. however, the absorption mechanism of many drugs is not clear. Caco-2 cell model is the best in vitro absorption model nowadays. It is widely used in the research on drug absorption process and absorption mechanism, especially in the aspect of traditional Chinese medicine absorption, the use of Caco-2 cell model has become the hot spot recently. Mo- reover, Caco-2 cell model is also applied in the research on drug metabolism. Therefore, Caco-2 cell model will become an important method in the research of drug absorption, and will be helpful to accelerate the process of new drug screening and development.

Objective To construct a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) library of human renal cell carcinoma. Methods Poly A + RNA was isolated from human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues and matched normal kidney tissues, respectively. Then double strand cDNA were synthesized and restricted by Rsa I.RCC cDNA were divided into two groups and ligated with either adaptor 1 or adaptor 2.After RCC cDNA hybridized with normal kidney cDNA twice and underwent nested PCR,the PCR products were cloned into pT Adv vector and transformed E.coli TOP10F′.Some positive clones randomly picked up were digested and sequenced. Results The SSH library contained 414 positive clones. Random analysis of 265 clones with enzyme restriction showed that 246 clones contained cDNA fragments which were distributed mainly between 300～900 bp. Among 40 arbitrary clones derived from the above 246 clones, No.170 clone is a previously unknown sequence and the other 39 clones were derived from 35 known genes. Conclusions The quality of the SSH library of human RCC is reliable and its construction would lay the foundation for further screening differentially expressed genes in RCC.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; surgery ; Carotid Artery, External ; transplantation ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; surgery ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods

Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; physiology ; Animals ; Cholinergic Agonists ; pharmacology ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; physiology ; Muscle Relaxation ; drug effects ; physiology ; Muscle, Smooth ; drug effects ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Receptors, Cholinergic ; physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; drug effects ; Urinary Bladder ; drug effects ; innervation ; physiopathology

Bile Duct Neoplasms ; surgery ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; surgery ; Humans