AIM: To observe the effect of partial liquid ventilation on gas exchange and histopathological changes of lung in acute lung injury. METHODS: After acute lung injury (ALI) was induced by saline lavage,twenty piglets were assigned randomly to 2 groups: partial liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbon (PFC) group (PLV) and conventional gas ventilation group (CV). The changes of gas exchange were examined before ALI, during ALI and at 1,2,3,4 h after ALI, and histological sections taken from 8 different parts of lung were stained by H & E. RESULTS: The PaO_2 significantly increased and alveolar-aterial oxygen gradient (AaDO_2) markedly decreased in PLV group compare with CV group (P

Objective To investigate the role of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-?B)/inhibitor protein-kappa B(I?B) signal pathway in viral transactivation of transcription in steroid responsive simple nephrotic syndrome(SRSNS).Methods Children with SRSNS(inclu-ding active stage and remissive stage) were examined,and were compared to children with nephritic nephrosis,secondary glomerular di-seases,bronchiolitis and healthy children.Electro-mobility shift assays,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) were used to detect the activity of NF-?B,the gene expression of respiratory tract viruses (including respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) and the levels of viral antibody in plasma,respectively.The protein levels of I?B? and IL-8 were measured through Western blot and ELISA in SRSNS at active stage and healthy children.Results Compared with SRSNS at remissive stage and other groups,the activity of NF?B in SRSNS at active stage was much higher.And there was a positive linear correlation trend between the activity of NF-?B and the gene expression of respiratory tract viruses in SRSNS at active stage.With healthy children,the level of IL-8 in plasma from SRSNS at active stage was significantly increased.There was a positive correlation between the activity of NF?B and the level of IL-8(r=0.88 P

Objective:To explore the effects of LncRNA HCG18 on endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy via regulating miR-185-5p/AGER axis in diabetic nephropathy (DN) .Methods:The kidney tissues of patients with DN were collected and the podocyte injury model induced by high glucose (HG) was established. The expression of HCG18 in renal tissue in DN patients and cell model was detected. The localization and expression of HCG18 in cells were determined. The regulatory relationship between HCG18 and miR-185-5p, miR-185-5p and AGER was testified. QRT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress related factors (CHOP, XBP1) and autophagy related factors (Beclin-1, p62) .Results:Compared with non-DN patients, HCG18 was overexpressed in renal tissue of DN patients ( P<0.05) . Compared with normal glucose (NG) group, mRNA and protein expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress related factors (CHOP, XBP1) were overexpressed but mRNA and protein expression of autophagy related factors Beclin-1 were inhibited, p62 mRNA and protein expression were increased (all P<0.05) . HCG18 regulated the miR-185-5p/AGER axis and played a biological role. Knocking down of HCG18 reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress, activated autophagy and reduced podocyte injury, but this effect can be partially reversed by miR-185-5p inhibitors. Conclusion:HCG18 regulates the miR-185-5p/AGER signal axis and promotes DN progression through regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of puerarin on proliferation, apoptosis and Kv1.5 gene expression of rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) induced by hypoxia.

METHODSThe rat PASMCs were divided into 5 groups: control group, hypoxia group, hypoxia plus puerarin (1 × 10(-5) mol/L) group, hypoxia plus puerarin (1 × 10(-4) mol/L) group and hypoxia plus puerarin (1 × 10(-3) mol/L) group, and cultured at 37°C for 24 h. The proliferation of rat PASMCs was detected by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, the activity of caspase-3 was measured with spectrophotometric method, Kv1.5 protein was detected by western blot, Kv1.5 mRNA was detected by real-time PCR.

RESULTSThe cell viability and proportion of synthesis phase in control group were 0.940 ± 0.045 and 9.67% ± 1.28%, which were significantly lower than those (1.296 ± 0.034 and 18.19% ± 1.19%) in hypoxia group (P < 0.05). The Caspase-3 activity, Kv 1.5 protein and Kv 1.5 mRNA in control group were 0.1073 ± 0.0113, 0.886 ± 0.038 and 0.0377 ± 0.0031, which were significantly higher than those (0.0664 ± 0.0049, 0.602 ± 0.064 and 0.0108 ± 0.0014) in hypoxia group (P < 0.05). As compared with hypoxia group, the cell viability and proportion of synthesis phase in 3 hypoxia plus puerarin groups significantly decreased, and the Caspase-3 activity, Kv 1.5 protein and Kv 1.5 mRNA in 3 hypoxia plus puerarin groups significantly enhanced (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPuerarin could decrease the proliferation and increase the apoptosis induced by hypoxia in rat PASMCs, and the up-regulated expression of Kv1.5 gene may be the mechanism of puerarin effects.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Kv1.5 Potassium Channel ; metabolism ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Artery ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

In this study, the buffering capacity of amphiphilic pH-sensitivity copolymer poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-cholesteryl methyl carbonate (PEOZ-CHMC) was evaluated. The ammonium sulfate gradient method was used to prepare doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX x HCl)-loaded liposomes (DOX-L), and then the post-insertion method was used to prepare PEOZ-CHMC and polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PEG-DSPE) modified DOX x HCl-loaded liposomes (PEOZ-DOX-L and PEG-DOX-L). The physico-chemical properties, in vitro drugs release behavior, cellular toxicity and intracellular delivery of liposomes were evaluated, separately. The results showed that PEOZ-CHMC has a satisfactory buffering capacity. The sephadex G-50 column centrifugation method and dynamic light scattering were used to determine the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and particle size of liposomes. The EE and particle size of DOX-L were (97.3 ± 1.4) % and 120 nm, respectively, and the addition of PEOZ-CHMC or PEG-DSPE had no influence on EE and particle size. The zeta potentials of three kinds of liposomes were negative. The release behavior of various DOX liposomes in vitro was investigated by dialysis method. In phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4, DOX x HCl was released from PEOZ-DOX-L in a sustained manner. While in PBS at pH 5.0, the release rate of DOX x HCl from PEOZ-DOX-L increased significantly, which suggested DOX x HCl was released from PEOZ-DOX-L in a pH-dependent manner. The intracellular delivery of liposomes was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The CLSM images indicated that PEOZ-DOX-L showed efficient intracellular trafficking including endosomal escape and release DOX x HCl into nucleus, as well as the DOX-L and PEG-DOX-L had no this effect. The cytotoxicity of liposomes against MCF-7 cells was detected by using MTT assay. The results showed that antiproliferative effects of PEOZ-DOX-L enhanced with pH value decreased, whereas DOX-L and PEG-DOX-L did not have any significant difference in inhibitions at different pH conditions. Therefore, the problems of the inhibition of cellular uptake of liposomes and the failed endosomal escape of pH-sensitive liposomes by PEG chain can be overcome by the pH-sensitive liposomes constructed by PEOZ-CHMC.
Cell Nucleus ; Doxorubicin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Endosomes ; Formates ; chemistry ; Humans ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; MCF-7 Cells ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylethanolamines ; Polyamines ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry

This study aimed at investigating the antiviral constituents from the active fractions of Tong-An (TA) injection.In this study,the active constituents of TA injection were screened by LPS-induced PGE2 production mode to detect the contents of PGE2.The chemical constituents were isolated by HP-20 macroporous resin,silica gel column chromatography,ODS column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and preparative and semi-preparative HPLC.The structures were identified by spectral data and physicochemical property.As a result,the 95％ ethanol eluate of TA injection on the macroporous adsorption resin column was proved to be the active fraction of TA injection.Seventeen compounds were isolated from TA injection and identified as syringaresinol (1),N-Trans-Feruloyltyramine (2),chelerythrine (3),sinomenine (4),coptisine (5),sanguinarine (6),chelidoniny (7),magnoflorine (8),allocryptopine (9),protopine (10),farrerol (11),dihydrosanguinarine (12),heptadec-(9Z)-enoic acid (13),chlorogenic acid (14),cryptochlorogenin acid (15),3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (16) and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (17).PGE2 inhibitory activities of these compounds were determined,among which six compounds presented inhibitory activities against PGE2.It was concluded that all the isolated compounds from TA injection were firstly reported with the favorable inhibitory activities of compounds 2,5,9,10,11,12 against PGE2.

Objective To study the genotype distribution of insulin receptor substrate-2(IRS-2)gene 1057G/A polymorphism in Han population from Southwest China,and to explore its association with the metabolism of glucose and lipids,insulin resistance and islet?-cell function in type 2 diabetic patients and subjects with impaired glucose tolerance(IGT).Methods A total of 929 Hans[462 patients with type 2 diabetes(DM group) and 164 subjects with IGT(IGT group)and 303 normal controls(NC group)]from Chongqing and nearby regions were screened for 1057G/A polymorphism of IRS-2 gene by PCR-RFLP assay.Body mass index(BMI),plasma glucose,serum insulin and lipid profile,high-sensitive C-reactive protein(hsCRP)and non-esterified fatty acid were measured.Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and disposition index(DI)were used to estimate insulin resistance and?-cell function respectively.Results In DM group,A allele frequency was significantly lower than that in NC group(0.326 vs 0.388,X~2=6.19,P=0.01).Compared with NC group,AA genotype frequeney was lower and GG genotype frequeney was higher in DM group(0.104 vs 0.135 and 0.452 vs 0.360 respectively,X~2=6.80,P

OBJECTIVE: To determine the expression of DLK1 gene in acute leukemias (AL) and its function in erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. METHODS: We detected the expression of DLK1 gene in 65 different acute leukemia categories (a test group) and 34 normal bone marrow controls (a control group) with RT-PCR. DLK1 protein in 20 out of the 65 AL patients and 13 of the 34 controls was assayed by Western blot. The K562 cell line was induced to erythroid differentiation by hemin. We observed the relationship between its expression and erythroid differentiation. RESULTS: Both leukemia cells and normal marrow cells expressed DLK1. The expression of DLK1 mRNA in patients in the test group was higher than that in the control group (P=0.018), while there was no significance between acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myelogenous leukemia (P>0.05).The expression of DLK1 mRNA in the test group at onset had no relation with the WBC and platelet count in the total peripheral blood, and the same was true for blast cell rates in bone marrow cells.The level of DLK1 protein in the test group was higher than that in the control group, which was consistent with the mRNA expression (P=0.042). The expression of DLK1 mRNA decreased gradually with K562 cells towards hemin-induced erythroid differentiation. CONCLUSION DLK1 gene may be involved in leukemia,but the mRNA level of DLK1 has no relation with some clinical characteristics of AL patients at onset. DLK1 may inhibit the erythroid differentiation of K562 cells.
Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Erythroid Cells ; pathology ; Erythroid Precursor Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Animal ; Chlorides/metabolism* ; Endometrium/metabolism* ; Female ; Mice ; Sodium/metabolism*

OBJECTIVETo investigate expression and clinical significance of VEGF and apoptosis in frozen-thawed mouse ovaries after transplantation.

METHODSOvaries from B6C2F1 (C57BL/6j x BALB/c) 4 week old mice were cryopreservation and the thawed ovaries were xenografted into kidney capsules of 8-12 week old adult male mice. The grafted were recovered 1 d, 2 d and 7 d after transplantation respectively, the grafts and frozen-thawed were removed for follicle counting and immunohistochemically, ultrastructure, and detection of the mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).

RESULTSThe follicle numbers were decreased gradually after transplantation,the cell apoptosis increased especially in 48 h after transplantation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the tissue damaged was severest 48 h after transplantation; the expression of VEGF increased after transplantation, peaked on day 7, the mRNA expression of VEGF120 and VEGF188 was more on 48 h after transplantation, decreased on day 7 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe number of follicles was decreased after transplantation, the apoptosis index was increased especially in 48 h after transplantation; the expression of VEGF increased after transplantation, an increase in the VEGF188 and VEGF164 isoform might suggest the positive effect in the early stages of angiogenesis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Cryopreservation ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Organ Preservation ; adverse effects ; Ovarian Follicle ; pathology ; Ovary ; pathology ; transplantation ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism