OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of father-to-son vertical transmission of Y chromosome microdeletions

METHODSWe detected the Y by detection of Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men and analysis of some of their families. chromosome azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletions in the peripheral blood of 1 052 infertile males, investigated the paternal relatives of 12 cases of AZFc, 1 case of AZFb and 1 case of AZFb + c microdeletions, and drew the family tree diagrams of the infertile paternal relatives according to the findings.

RESULTSAmong the 1 052 infertile patients, 89 (9.73%) were found with Y chromosomal microdeletions, including 56 with AZFc, 6 with AZFa, 5 with AZFb, 14 with AZFb + c, and 8 with AZFa + b + c deletion. The investigation of the 14 patients'families revealed 1 case of AZFb and 1 case of AZFb + c deletion de novo. Among the 12 cases of AZFc deletion, vertical heredity was found in 5 patients with severe oligozoospermia, but not in the other 7 with azoospermia.

CONCLUSIONAZFe deletion may be vertically inherited from the father in severe oligozoospermia patients, and it is different from the paternal phenotype, while in azoospermia patients, AZF deletion, whatever type it may be, is less likely to be associated with vertical paternal heredity.

Adult ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Pedigree ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations ; Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development ; genetics ; Young Adult

Acupuncturist makes herbal cakes with traditional manual way, with such disadvantages as slow in making, varying in thickness and size of the cake. When the patients are treated with medical cake-separated moxibustion, they will be unevenly affected by the heat and the patient easily suffers from burning. These hinder clinically wide application of cake-separated moxibustion. With practice of many years, the authors design and make a kind of manual cake-shaping apparatus which can rapidly and conveniently make uniform medical cake, with simple technique, ingenious structure and normal material.
Equipment Design ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; instrumentation ; methods

Objective To investigate the clinical teaching situation by using developmental inspection of School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiaotong University(SJTU-SM),and to put forward some suggestions. Methods By checking questionnaires and informal discussions,the relevant information was collected and analyzed by using SPSS statistics sofware. Results The clinical teaching quality of SJTU-SM was basically satisfied.The satisfaction from internship of grade 2004 was better than that of grade 2003.However,some problems in clinical teaching must be improved.Conclusion The investigation showed that the clinical teaching quality of SJTU-SM is being improving.However,in order to achieve the international accreditation standards,the quality guarantee system of clinical teaching need to be further perfected.

Recently, novel Psidium meroterpenoids were reported in the guava leaves. According to careful analysis of the spectral data of literatures, the spectroscopic characteristics and biosynthetic pathway of Psidium meroterpenoids were summarized in this paper. The results showed that Psidium meroterpenoids had distinct spectroscopic features and reasonable biosynthetic routines, however the number order of carbon atoms was not consistent in the reported literatures. It was concluded that Psidium meroterpenoids were the characteristic chemical constituents of Psidium guajava Linn.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Psidium ; chemistry ; Spectrum Analysis ; Terpenes ; chemistry

Objective To study the mechanism and protection of ulinastatin on organ functions in patients with severe disease.Methods Sixty patients in the intensive care unit(ICU)from October 2005 to July 2007 were randomly divided into a control group and an ulinastatin treatment group(each 30 cases).The patients in the control group received the conventional therapy,and the cases in the other treatment group accepted ulinastatin and conventional therapy.According to the disease situations,ulinastatin was administered 200-400 kU once,2-4 times a day,sequentially for 5-7 days.On the day of admission and 3, 5,and 7 days after admission in ICU respectively,blood samples were obtained for measuring alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),creatinine(Cr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),fibrinogen(FIB)and oxygenation index(PaO_2/FiO_2); whether breathing machine or hematodialysis was used and the end results were recorded.Results The rate of usage of breathing machine(23.3%),the incidences of hepatosis(3.3%)and renal dysfunction(10.0%) and fatality(3.3%)in ulinastatin treatment group were obviously lower than those of the control group (63.3%,23.3%,46.7%,10.0%,P0.05).Only one patient received bematodialysis in control group.Conclusion Ulinastatin can protect liver,renal and lung functions markedly and lower the incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and mortality in patients with severe disease.

Objective To detect artery elasticity function of patients with type 2 diabetes combined nephropathy by E -Tracking ( ET) tech-nique and to evaluate its clinical significance .Methods One hundred patients with type 2 diabetes were selected and divided into normal urine protein group (35 cases), minimal urine protein group (36 cases), and clinical urine protein group (29 cases) according to 24 h urinary albumin excretion rate , and 30 healthy volunteers were selected as normal control group.The data of blood vessel elastic modulus , including pressure -strain elastic modulus , stiffness parameters , arterial compliance , aug-ment index , and pulse wave conducting velocity of all objects were detec-ted by ET technique.Results The value of pressure -strain elastic modulus , stiffness parameters , augment index and pulse wave conducting velocity in diabetes group were higher than those in normal control group , and the value of arterial compliance in diabetes group was lower than that in normal control group (P<0.05).There were no statistical differences in parameters of pressure -strain elastic modulus , stiffness parameters , augment index and pulse wave conducting velocity between minimal urine protein group and normal urine protein group ( P>0.05 ) .The value of arterial compliance in minimal urine protein group was significantly lower than that in normal urine protein group and there was statistical significance (P<0.05).The value of pressure -strain elastic modulus, stiffness parameters, aug-ment index and pulse wave conducting velocity in clinical urine protein group were higher than those in normal urine protein group and minimal urine protein group , and the value of arterial compliance in clinical urine protein group was lower than that in normal urine protein and minimal urine protein group and there was statistical significance ( P<0.05 ) .Furthermore ,the results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that urinary albumin excretion rate was positively related with stiffness parameters and pulse wave conducting velocity ( P<0.01 ).Conclusion Carotid artery elasti-city has changed in patients with type 2 diabetes combined early stage of nephropathy .Carotid artery elas-ticity detected by ET technique can reflect the process of microvascular disease and provide scientific basis for early pre -vention and cure .

OBJECTIVEThere is little knowledge on whether there is clustering of inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), soluble intracellular adhesion molecule1-1 (sICAM-1), and angiotensin II (Ang II), in individuals with hypertension in the Mongolian population. In the present study, we investigated this relationship in a Mongolian population in China.

METHODSA total of 2589 adult Mongolians, aged 20 years and older, were recruited as study participants. Data on demographics, lifestyle, family history of hypertension, blood pressure, and blood chemistry were collected, and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in all participants.

RESULTSThe proportion of subjects with increased levels of two or three biomarkers was significantly higher in those with hypertension (21.0% and 6.0%, respectively) than in those with prehypertension (12.7% and 0.5%, respectively) or normotension (8.1% and 0.2%, respectively). The multivariate adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of hypertension associated with increased levels of one, two or three biomarkers were 0.94 (0.72-1.22), 1.42 (0.93-2.16), and 11.08 (1.45-84.80), respectively, compared with subjects with no increase in any biomarker.

CONCLUSIONHypertension was associated with a cluster of inflammatory biomarkers in the Mongolian population.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiotensin II ; genetics ; metabolism ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; C-Reactive Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; China ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Hypertension ; genetics ; Inflammation ; genetics ; metabolism ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy about manipulative reduction of the radialis and ulnar fractures.

METHODSFrom June 2005 to June 2009, 85 patients with radialis and ulnar fractures, 50 males and 35 females, ranging in age from 1 to 20 years with an average of 10.8 years, were treated with manipulative reduction and external fixation by small splint. There were 53 cases of direct violence, 30 cases of transmission violence, 2 cases of reversing violence; and there were 6 cases of comminuted fracture, 8 cases of spiral fracture, 21 cases of oblique fracture, 50 cases of serrated or transverse fracture. The clinical effects were analyzed according to Anderson criterion.

RESULTSForty-two cases obtained anatomical reduction and 35 cases obtained nearly anatomical reduction and 8 cases occurred re-displacement. Eight cases of re-displacement were re-fixed after manipulative reduction, 2 cases obtained anatomical reduction and 4 cases obtained nearly anatomical reduction; 2 cases unsuccessfully were diverted to open reduction and internal fixation. All the fractures obtained clinically healing with average of 42 days (ranged from 28 to 80 days). All patients were followed up from 3 to 10 months with an average of 7.5 months. According to Anderson criterion, 77 case got excellent result, 5 good, 3 fair.

CONCLUSIONManipulation and external fixation by small splint for the treatment of radialis and ulnar fractures, have advantage of less trauma, forceful fixation, quick healing, cheap cost, which can obtain satisfactorily clinical effects.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; External Fixators ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Radius Fractures ; therapy ; Splints ; Ulna Fractures ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy on primary osteoporosis treated with spreading moxibustion for warming yang and activating blood circulation so as to provide the effective clinical therapeutic methods for osteoporosis.

METHODSSixty cases of primary osteoporosis were randomized into a spreading moxibustion group (30 cases) and a calcium tablet group (30 cases). In the calcium tablet group, caltrate was prescribed for oral administration, 600 mg per day. In the spreading moxibustion group, on the basis of the treatment as the calcium tablet group, the spreading moxibustion was applied at Dazhui (GV 14) to Yaoshu (GV 2) for warming yang and activating blood circulation. The duration of treatment was 12 weeks. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score, TCM clinical symptom score and bone mineral density (BMD) were observed and compared before and after treatment in the patients between the two groups.

RESULTSVAS scores were reduced apparently after treatment in the two groups (both P < 0.01) and the results in the spreading moxibustion group were obviously superior to that in the calcium tablet group (2.36 +/- 0.43 vs 4.52 +/- 0.35, P < 0.01). BMD were all increased in the two groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and the results in the spreading moxibustion group were superior to those in the calcium tablet group (both P < 0.05). The total clinical effective rate was 86.67% (26/30) in the spreading moxibustion group, apparently better than 63.33% (19/30) in the calcium tablet group (P < 0.05). TCM clinical symptom scores after treatment were all reduced apparently in the two groups (both P < 0.01), and the result in the spreading moxibustion group was obviously superior to that in the calcium tablet group (4.72 +/- 1.90 vs 6.82 +/- 2.30, P < 0.01). The total effective rate of TCM symptoms was 93.33% (28/30) in the spreading moxibustion group, apparently better than 70.00% (21/30) in the calcium tablet group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of spreading moxibustion for warming yang and activating blood circulation and the oral administration of caltrate apparently relieves pain and TCM clinical symptoms, improves BMD in the patients of osteoporosis and achieves definite clinical efficacy in the patients of osteoporosis.

Aged ; Blood Circulation ; Bone Density ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Osteoporosis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Yang Deficiency ; physiopathology ; therapy

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever syndrome (EHF) from 2004 to 2010 and provide scientific basis for formulating control measures.Methods Epidemiological data of EHF between 2004 to 2010 were obtained from the“National Disease Surveillance Report on Management Information System”,and the population data were from the“National Disease Surveillance Information Management System for Basic Information Report System”.Descriptive epidemiological methods was used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 173 cases were reported in Qian'an from 2004 to 2010.From 2004 to 2010,the cases were 86,67,12,1,0,1,and 7 cases,respectively,and the rate were 13.12/10 million ( 86/640 249 ),10.42/10 million (67/642 688 ),1.86/10 million ( 12/645 124),0.15/10 million (1/647 983 ),0(0/650 720),0.15/10 million( 1/653 839),and 0.11/10 million(7/657 380),respectively.The overall rate was 3.86/10 million(25/648 283) of population.From 2004 to 2008 the incidence reported declined rapidly,then increased slowly after 2009.The cases were found intensively in winter(November - next January) and spring season (february - may).The incidence in the age group of 10 - 45 was higher than that of other age groups,and the total number of cases was 82.08％(142/173).The incidence in males( 114 cases) was higher than that of females(59 cases).Occupational distribution mainly to peasants and students,which accounted for 87.86％ (152/173).Conclusions Epidemic in the city declines rapidly follows by a slow recovery,suggesting that in the future surveillance,mice-killing and protection of vulnerable population should be strengthened.