External-beam radiotherapy is one of the principle treatment options for localized prostate cancer. Conventionally fractionated radiotherapy is widely used in clinical practice. Studies have shown that prostate cancer is highly sensitive to hypofractionated radiotherapy, also known as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), and increasing radiotherapy dose can significantly improve the local control rate of tumor. A number of recently completed researches have shown that SBRT is as effective as conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. In terms of radiation toxicity, the short-term toxicity of SBRT is more obvious than that of conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, but there is no significant difference in long-term toxicity. SBRT can provide more convenience for patients, and the medical cost is lower, so it has a great clinical application prospect.

Cbf?1 gene encodes an osteoblast specific transcription factor that regulates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. The Cbf?1 gene contains 9 exons, however, the alternative splicing of its exons leads to genesis of multiple Cbf?1 isoforms with differences in transactivation potentials. Several signal transduction pathways, such as Ras MAPK pathway, cAMP pathway, or Smads DPC4 pathway, are involved in regulating Cbf?1 activity or its expression. These studies open new doors in pharmacological control of bone formation and gene or cell therapy of slowing the progression of osteoporosis.

Guided by the study theory of constructivism,we utilize informational environment and resource to design the teaching of “nursing of mental disorders who abuse psychoactive substances”,change teaching methods divorced from reality,advocate situation teaching,recommend student' s initiative and cooperative study and improve the students' practical and innovative ability.

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hodgkin Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; metabolism ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; pathology

There are still two outstanding problems in comprehensive quality assessment index system of clinical medical undergraduates:contents of assessment is incomprehensive and every index has no quantitative research based weight.This article elaborated on a complete index framework,covering required knowledge,abilities,attitude,morality of clinical medical undergraduates and proposed a set of methods and processes,including literature research method,system analysis method,brainstorming,expert interviews,Delphi method,and some statistical methods,providing a theoretical basis for the development of comprehensive quality assessment index system for clinical medical undergraduates.

Objective To explore the related factors of senile acute pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE) patients,and to observe the prognosis and analyze the strategy of control and prevention to reduce the incidence. Methods 50 elderly patients with acute PTE were selected,related factors were analyzed by using the retrospective investigation,and the prevention and control were administrated.Results The mainly disease occurred of the elderly patients with acute PTE were combined with chronic diseases 42% (21 /50),with lower extremity DVT 26.00%(13 /50)and with recent trauma,fracture and operation 20%(10 /50).Elderly patients with acute PTE who were ≥70 years of age and lying in bed the time≥1 month,were 58%(29 /50)and 62%(31 /50),which were higher than those of the other age <70 years old and lying in bed time <1 month of patients,the difference was statistically signifi-cant(χ2 =9.26,9.80,all P <0.05).Conclusion The related risk factors for elderly patients with acute PTE mainly correlate with age,lying in bed time,chronic diseases,patients with lower extremity DVT and recent trauma,fracture, operation,the variety of factors and overlap each other.Mastering the variety factors of PTE in the nursing process,and taking effective measures to prevent and control the factorscan reduce or avoid the occurrence of acute PTE,and im-prove the prognosis of the patients.

Objective To explore the features and relevant factors of ecological executive function in adults with id-iopathic or probably symptomatic epilepsy. Methods 120 adults with idiopathic or probably symptomatic epilepsy were compared strictly with 120 healthy controls of the same gender, age , marriage and educational degree. The differences in ecological executive function were compared between the two groups with the Behavior Rating Inven-tory of Executive Function-adult version( BRIEF-A);apply multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was used to explore the correlations between epileptic factors with projects of BRIEF-A. Results Compared with controls,the epileptics yielded higher scores significantly on all projects of BRIEF-A(P<0. 05):global executive composite,be-havioral regulation index,inhibition,shift,emotion control, self-monitoring, metacognition index,initiation, working memory,plan,organization,task monitor. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that four clinical fea-tures videlicet seizure type, seizure frequency, epilepsy control and antiepileptic drugs were closely related to BRIEF-A while factors such as course of disease,gender,age,marriage,educational degree,initial age were not rele-vant to BRIEF-A. Conclusion The ecological executive function of adults with idiopathic or probably symptomatic epilepsy impairment is affected by seizure type,seizure frequency,epilepsy control and antiepileptic drugs.

Objective To dynamically observe the expressions of Toll like-receptor 2 (TLR-2),TLR-4 and inflammatory cytokine IL-1 beta and TNF alpha,and analyze the correlation between TLR-2,TLR-4 and inflammatory response on rat cornea alkali burn.Methods Forty SPF healthy SD rats were excluded the anterior segment disease,the right eye was set as burn experiment and the left eye as normal control,Ⅲ level corneal alkali burn model was established with concentration of 1 mol · L-1 NaOH(At the establishment and after the establishment of the model,the inconsistent degree of corneal bums,the corneal perforation and hyphema in rats,etc.,were removed,and finally randomly selected 32 eligible rats),then were randomly grouped into 3 days,7 days,14 days and 21 days group,8 eyes in each group.The rats were observed and photographed anterior segment of each group,evaluated the corneal inflammation index,then removed the eyeball of the rats in the corresponding time points.The eyeballs were made into pathological tissue section and stained with HE method.The number of inflammatory cells in the cornea was calculated,and the expression of TLR-2,TLR-4,IL-1 beta and TNF alpha was detected in the rat cornea with method of Western blot protein detection at the same time.The differences of each group were analyzed,and the correlation was assessed between TLRs and inflammatory factor.Results There were the expressions of TLR-2,TLR-4,IL-1 beta and TNF alpha in the normal rat cornea,and its expressions were gradually increased after alkali burn,reached the peak at the 7 days,then decreased gradually,the difference of each group (the 3 day,the 7 day,the 14 day,the 21 day) was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of TLR-2 and IL-1 beta (r =0.986,P ＜ 0.05),TNF alpha (r =0.986,P ＜ 0.05) were positive correlated.The expressions of TLR-4 and IL-1 beta(r =0.975,P ＜ 0.05),TNF alpha (r =0.990,P ＜0.05) were positive correlated.Conclusion TLRs participates and may start immune inflammatory response after corneal alkali burn,mediates the production of inflammatory cytokine.

Objective To study Evaluation of serum soluble ST2 protein and brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)in patients with acute heart failure and prognosis of patients with acute heart failure.Methods Fifty cases patients with acute heart failure from April 2014 to April 2015 in the First Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Beijing were researched.Detection of all patients with serum ST2,NT-proBNP,50 patients with acute heart failure were divided into heart failure group,50 healthy persons were selected as the control group.The control group and the observation group general heart failure data,the observation group and the control group of cardiac biomarker blood level,cardiac function level NT-proBNP blood concentration level,classification of cardiac function between ST2 blood concentration level were compared.Results Cr,BUN of heart failure group were higher than the control group,there was no significant difference between other indicators(P＞0.05).ST2((0.46±0.07)ng/L)in heart failure group was lower than the control group((0.66±0.20)ng/L),NT-proBNP((4160.20±57.49)ng/L)was higher than the control group((58.97±4.39)ng/L),heart function IV NT-proBNP blood concentration of the highest(9 428.29±75.93)ng/L,followed by grade III(1 921.01±30.27)ng/L,the second lowest(321.02±16.80)ng/L,(P＜0.01).Heart function IV level ST2 blood concentration was the highest(1.95±0.69)ng/L,followed by grade III(1.27±0.61)ng/L,class II minimum(0.78±0.24)ng/L(P＜0.01).Conclusion The serum ST2 and NT-proBNP are used to detect the patients with acute heart failure,can provide accurate diagnosis basis,has a very important value judgment on the classification and prognosis.

Encephalopathy of prematurity is still an important reason which affects the survival and quality of life of preterm infants. During hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU),a variety of environmental factors such as noise,light,too much tactile stimuli,pain,and maternal - infant separation all will affect the development of preterm infants' brain,leading to encephalopathy of prematurity. Therefore,need to attach importance to the effects of NICU environment on the growth and development and the neurological function of preterm infants,try to optimize the environment of NICU,to reduce the incidence of brain injury of prematurity,improve the long - term prognosis of pre-term infants.