Objective To explore the mechanism of Shenkangwan in preventing the development of diabetic nephropathy(DN)through TGF-?1/Smad signaling pathway.Methods The diabetic rat models were established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ)in male Wistar rats and randomly divided into 3 groups:model control group,Capoten group and Shenkangwan group.Another 8 normal Wistar rats served as normal control.After the rats had been treated for 8 weeks,the mRNA expressions of fibronetin(FN)and TGF-?1 were detected by RT-PCR and the protein expressions of Smad 2,Smad 3 by immunohistochemistry in the renal tissues.Results During the past 8 weeks,the blood glucose of the rats in the model control group was all over 16.7 mmol/L and they exhibited the symptoms of diabetes mellitus,such as excessive thirsty,extreme hunger,frequent urination and unusual weight loss.The mRNA expressions of FN and TGF-?1 in rat renal tissues of model control group were significantly higher than those in the rats of normal control group(P

Objective To investigate Enterococci resistance to glycopeptides and their genotypes. Methods MICs of antimicrobial agents to Enterococci were determined with agar dilution test and van genes were amplified with PCR. Results 298 E. faecalis and 42 E. faecium clinical isolates were collected from 13 University teaching hospitals around China. The resistant rates of E. faecalis to penicillins were 14.1%～17.8%, which was much lower than those of E.feacium. No glycopeptides resistant Enterococci strain was detected. 8 E. faecalis and 1 E. faecium were intermediate sensitive to vancomycin but sensitive to teicoplanin with MICs of 8～16 and 0.25～2 mg/L, respectively. PCR amplification of van genes gave rise to only vanC2/3 gene positive in E. faecalis B144. Conclusions Glycopeptide resistant Enterococci is not common in China and no vanA or vanB type Enterococci was detected in this study. Penicillins, vancomycin and teicoplanin could be employed in the treatment of Enterococcus faecalis infections. High attention should be paid to future development of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus (VRE) in China.

【Objective】To observe the effect of Shenkang Pills(SP) on proliferation,extracellular matrix(ECM) secretion and cell cycle of in-vitro cultured rat mesangial cells(MC).【Methods】Sixteen Wistar male rats were randomized into 4 groups: normal serum group,Capoten(5 mg/kg) group,high-and low-dose SP(2.4 and 1.2 g/kg respectively) groups.Except the normal serum group,the rats in other groups received corresponding drugs according to the experimental design,and serum containing drug was isolated and prepared after treatment for 7 days.MC cultured with high glucose(30 mmol/L) in vitro were divided into 5 groups: A(cultured with high glucose 30 mmol/L),B(cultured with 5% normal serum),C(cultured with 5% serum containing Capoten),D and E(cultured with 5% serum containing high-and low-dose SP respectively).Another model group F(cultured with low glucose 10 mmol/L) was also established.After culturing for 72 hours,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used for the detection of MC proliferation,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) for fibronectin(FN) content in the culture supernatant and flow cytometer for cell cycle.【Results】The proliferation of MC and FN content in supernatant were increased,and abnormal cell cycle was found in high-glucose group A.SP inhibited MC proliferation,increased the percentage of MC at G0/G1 phase,and decreased the percentage of MC at S phase and G2/M phase.【Conclusion】SP has an inhibition on MC proliferation and ECM secretion induced by high glucose,and its mechanism is probably related with the regulation of abnormal MC cell cycle.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the characteristics of the computed tomography (CT) perfusion parameters and the expression of D2-40 with lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in cervical carcinomas.Methods A total of 42 patients with cervical carcinoma was divided into two groups with and without lymph node metastasis.Patients were evaluated with CT perfusion scan before operation.Monoclonal antibody D2-40 was used for immunohistochemistry to detect the LVD in the carcinoma tissue specimen.CT perfusion parameters and LVD of two groups were compared,and their relationship was analyzed.Results CT perfusion parameters including blood flow (BF),peak enhancement image (PEI),and blood volume (BV) in the lymph node metastasis group were significantly higher than those in the no lymph node metastasis group (t =-2.206,-2.29,-2.336,P ＜ 0.05).The time to peak (TTP) was significantly lower in the lymph node metastasis group than the no node metastasis group (t =6.908,P ＜ 0.01).The LVD in the lymph node metastasis group was significantly higher than the no lymph node metastasis group (t =-5.092,P ＜ 0.01).The CT perfusion parameters (BF,PEI,BV) and LVD of cervical carcinomas had a significantly positive correlation (r =0.65,0.56,0.61,P ＜ 0.01).The TTP and LVD had a significantly negative correlation(r =-0.55,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions CT perfusion imaging and higher LVD help to diagnose the lymph node metastasis of a cervical carcinoma,and have important guidance role in the surgical options for cervical cancers.

Cognition ; Cognition Disorders ; Humans ; Manganese ; Occupational Exposure

Objective To study the diagnostic value of CT combined CA125 and HE4 in differentiating the ovarian cancer from the benign.Methods A case-control study included 52 ovarian cancer patients,47 patients with benign ovarian tumors,and 40 healthy control subjects.Preoperative serum levels of HE4 and CA125 were measured and CT was performed.Results The serum levels of CA125 and HE4 in the ovarian cancer groups [(264.37 ± 138.46) KU/L,(280.38 ± 135.14)pmol/L] were significantly high-er than that in the benign ovarian neoplasm group [(52.51 ±5.29) KU/L,(40.52 ± 10.34) pmol/L] and healthy control group [(10.69 ±6.15)KU/L,(37.24 ±9.84) pmol/L] (P ＜0.01).The serum levels of CA125 showed statistically significant difference between the benign ovarian neoplasm groups and healthy control groups (P ＜ 0.05).The serum levels of HE4 did not show statistically significant difference between the benign ovarian neoplasm groups and healthy control groups (P ＞ 0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity (65.4％,80.8％,75.0％),specificity (74.5％,85.1％,76.6％),and accuracy (69.7％,82.8％,75.8％) of each CA125,HE4,CT method for ovarian cancer did not show statistically significant difference (P ＞0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity (92.3％),specificity (93.6％) and accuracy (94.8％) of combination of CA125 and HE4 and CT were significantly higher and showed statistically significant difference compared with one method (x2 =7.461 18.711,P ＜ 0.01),but no significant difference compared with any two methods (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The serum levels of HE4 and CA125 in the ovarian cancer group were significantly higher,and CT in combination with those two serum indices improved the diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of ovarian cancer.

Objective To investigate the acute phase adverse effects and influencing factors of adverse effects of diphosphonate treatment in the elderly patients with primary osteoporosis.Methods A total of 208 patients [male 25 patients,female 183 patients,age 60 ～ 93 with a average of (75.51 ± 7.73) years] with primary osteoporosis were selected from 1 Jan 2012 to 30 Nov 2015,admitted to Department of Geriatrics.According to the serious condition of osteoporosis and willingness of patients,208 patients were divided into zoledronic acid treatment group,alendronate treatment group,and pamidronic acid group,and received corresponding diphosphonate treatment.All kinds of adverse reactions of diphosphonate in each treatment group were closely to be observed after administration of diphosphonate in 3 days and 7 days.Results The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the zoledronic acid treatment group (59/134,44.03％;60/134,44.78％) was obviously higher than that in the alendronate treatment group (1/57,1.75％;1/57,1.75％),and the pamidronic acid group (3/17,17.65％;3/17,17.65％) after treatment of diphosphonate in three and seven days (P ＜ 0.05).In different generations,the incidence rate of adverse reactions in the zoledronic acid group and the pamidronic acid group after treatment of diphosphonate in three and seven days was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).There were three patients suffering from severe acute kidney injure (AKI) and three patients suffering from hypokalemia in the 134 patients treatment with zoledronic acid.Conclusions There are obvious differences in the incidence rate of acute phase adverse reactions in the osteoporosis patients who received different treatment policy (P ＜ 0.05).The safety issues in the kidney function and electrolyte abnormality (such as hypokalemia) should be paid much enough attention in the primary osteoporosis patients who receive zoledronic acid treatment.

Objective To investigate the effects of Yifuning soft gelatin capsules(YSGC)on immune function in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.Methods Fifty female mature Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 5 groups:normal control, model control, diethylstilbestrol tablets(DT)and YSGC(high-and low-dose). After 4-week treatment,the serum E2 and IL-2 levels were detected by radioimmunoassay. The estrogen receptor(ER)level in spleen were detected with method of radioligand receptor assay(RRA).The pathologic changes of thymus were observed under light microscope and the body weight,thymus index and spleen index were detected too.Results YSGC could obviously increase the serum levels of E2 and IL-2,increase spleen index and ER content in the spleen of OVX rats (P

Objective To understand the use of antiplatelet drugs in patients with coronary heart disease( CHD) ,and to compare the effect of different anti platelet drugs on cardiovascular events in patients with CHD,and to provide clinical evidence for the optimization of anti platelet therapy?Methods One thousand and twenty?three cases patients with CHD who were treated in the First Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from April 2010 to June 2014 were chosen?On the basis of conventional treatment,according to the different anti platelet program,the patents were divided into A group(703 cases),B group(211 cases) and C group(109 cases)?Group A was treated with aspirin and clopidogrel,B group was treated with clopidogrel,and C group was given aspirin therapy?Cardiovascular events( MACE) and bleeding events were observed at 1 month,6 months and 1 year after treatment in the 3 groups?Results After treatment for 1 month,6 months and 1 year,the incidence rates of MACE in group A were 9?1%( 64/703) ,16?6%( 117/703) and 28?4%( 200/703) ,in group B were 14?6%(31/211),25?5%(54/211) and 37?9%(80/211),in group C were 16?5%(18/109),29?4%( 32/109) and 34?0%( 37/109)?After treatment for 1 month,6 months and 1 year,the incidence rates of MACE in group A was significantly lower than group B and C(P<0?05);after treatment for 1 month,6 months,the incidence rates of MACE in group B were lower than group C,while higher than group C after 1 year,but the differences were not signifiacnt( P>0?05)?There were no significant differences in total incidence of deaths,the recurrence rate of myocardial infarction and stent restenosis rate among the three groups ( P>0?05 )?After treatment for 1 month,6 months,the incidence of angina in group A was lower significantly than that in group B and C( P<0?05) ,but When the treatment time was extended to 1 year,there was no significant difference in the three groups(P>0?05)?At 1 year follow?up,the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding in group A was slightly higher than that in group B and group C ( 4?3% vs? 2?4% vs?3?7%) , but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0?05 )?Conclusion In the CHD patients receiving aspirin and clopidogrel dual antiplatelet therapy,the incidence of MACE was lower than that in patients with aspirin or clopidogrel treatment alone, especially a reduction in the incidence of angina,and without increase of the risks in the gastrointestinal bleeding events,but the advantages above waning with treatment time extended to 1 year.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most serious vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Compound preparation of huangqi and dahuang, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to preventing or treating diabetic nephropathy for several years, and has a certain protective effect on the kidney of diabetes mellitus patients. But its exact mechanism remains unknown and needs to be studied more.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of compound preparation shenkang wan on the proliferation and secretion of extracellular matrix in cultured rat mesangial cells induced by high glucose.DESIGN: Randomized and controlled study.SETTING: Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Nephrology of Zhujiang Hospital and Medicine Department of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The serum pharmacological experiment was performed in Animal Experimental Center of Southern Medical University in A pril 2005.The cell culture experiment was conducted in Cell culture room of Southern Medical University from April 2005 to July 2005. Totally 16 normal Wistar male rats, weighted varied from 190 g to 220 g, were used in the study.METHODS: Sixteen normal Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal serum group, capoten group, shenkang wan group (high dose and low dose); shenkang wan was mainly constituted of huangqi,dahuang, leech, gordon guryale seed and corn stigma and made in Pharmacy Department of Zhujiang Hospital of Nanfang Medical University, agent number: 20031214). ① The rats in capoten group and high and low dose shenkang wan group were given the corresponding drugs respectively according to 5 mg/kg, 2.4 g/kg, 1.2 g/kg weight. The rats in normal serum group were given the same volume water. After treated 7 days, all rats were hocused and separated medication serum. ② Mesangial cell was cultured in vitro with different concentrations of glucose (10, 20, 30 and 40 mmol/L).The proliferation of mesangial cell was observed with the methyl-thiazoltelrazolium colorimetric assay at 24, 48, 72 hours and 96 hours. ③ Then the cultured mesangial cells were divided into six subgroups :Low glucose control group (10 mmol/L glucose), high glucose group (30 mmol/L glucose);normal serum group (30 mmol/L glucose); capoten group (30 mmol/L glucose); shenkang wan group (high dose and low dose, 30 mmol/L glucose).After cultured 72 hours, the proliferation of mesangial cell was detected with the methyl-thiazol-telrazolium colorimetric assay, the secretion and mRNA gene expression of fibronetin levels in mesangial cell were respectively detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Proliferation of mesangial cell induced by different concentrations glucose. ② Proliferation and secretion and mRNA gene expression of fibronectin in every group.RUSULTS: ① Effect of different concentrations glucose on the prolifera-tion of mesangial cell: Compared with low concentrations glucose(10 mmol/L), 20 mmol/L glucose could accelerate the proliferation ofmesangial cell during 96 hours experiment period, but only had a statisti-cally significant difference at 72 and 96 hours (P ＜ 0.05). 30 mmol/L glu-cose could significantly accelerate the proliferation of mesangial cell thanthat of 10 mmol/L glucose from 24 hours to 96 hours (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01),and this effect was increasing with time in 72 hours and reduced after 72hours. 40 mmol/L glucose could significantly increase the proliferation ofmesangial cell than of low concentrations glucose in 48 hours (P ＜ 0.05),and this effect was reduced after 48 hours and even conversed to restraineffect. ② Effect of different medication serum on the proliferation ofmesangial cell: The optical density value in high glucose group is obviouslyhigher than that of low glucose control group (P ＜ 0.01). Compared withhigh glucose group, the optical density value in capoten, shenkang wangroup (high dose and low dose) was decreased markedly (P ＜ 0.01 or P＜ 0.05). While the optical density value in normal serum group was showedno difference with the high glucose group (P ＞ 0.05). ③ Effect of differentmedication serum on secretion of fibronectin in mesangial cell: Content offibronectin in high glucose group was increased more markedly than that oflow glucose group (P ＜ 0.01). Compared with high glucose group, contentof fibronectin in capoten and shenkang wan group (high dose and low dose)was showed a significantly decrease (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05), while contentof fibronectin in normal serum group was showed no difference with thehigh glucose group (P ＞ 0.05). ④ Effect of different medication serum onexpression of fibronectin mRNA in mesangial cell: The optical density val-ue of fibronectin strip in high glucose group was brighter than that in lowglucose group and the ratio of it and β-actin were increased markedly too(P ＜ 0.01). Compared with high glucose group, the optical density value offibronectin strip in capoten and shenkang wan group (high dose and lowdose) was showed a significantly decrease and the ratio of it and β-actinwas reduced distinctly too (P ＜ 0.01), while the ratio of it and β-actin innormal serum group was showed no difference (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: High glucose could accelerate proliferation, increase thesecretion and mRNA gene expression of fibronectin in mesangial cell,while shenkang wan could inhibit proliferation and secretion of the extra-cellular matrix in mesangial cell induced by high glucose.