BACKGROUND:Anterior cruciate ligament is the important anatomic structure to maintain the knee joint stability. The tendon bone healing and clinical functional recovery after anterior cruciate ligament have attracted more attention. OBJECTIVE:To observe the healing of graft tendon and surrounding bone with histological method through the same diameter grafts matching with the bone tunnel of different sizes in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery, and to detect the functional recovery with biomechanics. METHODS:Middle 1/3 of canine autologous tendon was selected as the anterior cruciate ligament graft, and then trimmed into the same diameter of 4 mm. Sixteen adult mongrel canine were randomly divided into four groups. The anterior cruciate ligament was resected completely, and the tibial and femoral tunnels were prepared on the end sites of tibia and femur with the diameters of 5, 4.5, 4 and 3.5 mm, then implanted into the tendon in prepared and linked into the bone tunnel. At 6 weeks after reconstruction, the experimental canine were sacrificed under general anesthesia to col ect the tissue and organs in the surgical area. Then the hematoxylin-eosin staining, biomechanical testing and statistical analysis were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 6 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, anatomical observation showed that there were no significant differences in growth of grafts and bone tunnels between groups;hematoxylin-eosin staining showed sharpey-like fibronectin could be seen in the tendon bone healing surface, and the col agen fibers in the 3.5 mm bone tunnel group were more compact and regular than those in the other groups;the biomechanical testing results in the 3.5 mm bone tunnel group were better than those in the other groups. The results indicate that during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, decreasing the diameter of bone tunnel that matched with grafts in order to make the tendon and the bone tunnel closely matched can provide a more stable cel biological and mechanical environment, accelerate the formation and transformation of tendon-bone healing interface, and can improve the quality of tendon-bone healing.

BACKGROUND:There are numerous studies about mechanical changes of recast cobalt-chromium ceramic al oys. However, little is reported on the mechanical properties of cobalt-chromium ceramic al oys containing once-used al oys after recasts.
OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of different proportion of once-used al oys to recasting cobalt-chromium al oys on their mechanical properties, including tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and hardness.
METHODS:Cobalt-chromium al oys cast samples were prepared and recast for three times (40%once-used al oys were added per time). The tensile strength, 0.2%yield strength, percentage of elongation, flexural strength and Vickers hardness of each specimen were measured. In addition, microscopic metal ographic observation was done.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Being recast for three times, cobalt-chromiun al oys showed no significant differences on their tensile strength, 0.2%yield strength, percentage of elongation, flexural strength and Vickers hardness. GenerationⅠal oy samples had uniform size, smal diameter and smal carbide size distributing along the grain boundary, mainly exhibiting spherical and irregular wormlike forms. Generations Ⅱ and Ⅲ samples were uniform in shape, but crystal grains were coarsened a little. Carbide from Generation IV samples began to be coarsened, irregular wormlike carbides were increased in amount, and a few of non-metal ic inclusions could be found in grains. Cobalt-chromium al oys can be recast after addition of 40%once-used al oys for three times at least in air environment, without decrease of the mechanical properties.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; etiology ; therapy

Blood Coagulation Tests ; Coagulation Protein Disorders ; blood ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Young Adult

Objective: To observe the influence of electroacupuncture with different frequencies on rats swimming endurance and sift out the optimal frequency parameter.Methods: Wistar rats were randomly allocated to control group, non-acupoint group and electroacupuncture with low frequency group (EA with 2 Hz group), electroacupuncture with medium frequency group (EA with 15 Hz group), and electroacupuncture with high frequency group (EA with 100 Hz group), acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3) were punctured and rats load swimming time was used as an index, and the change of swimming endurance time before and after acupuncture was observed. Results: After electro-acupuncture, swimming time was increased in 15 Hz and 100 Hz groups respectively, with the significant differences between before and after acupuncture (P＜0.05). There was also a significant difference in the percentage of increase in swimming time between 15 Hz group and other groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion: It is suggested that electroacupuncture at acupoints Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3) with a frequency of 15 Hz could enhance rats's swimming endurance, and 15 Hz might be an optimal frequency parameter during the electrical stimulation.

Objective To study the effect of S-adenomethionine on early stage recovery of transplanted liver.Methods From January 2010 to October 2012,57 liver transplantation patients were divided into 2 groups beginning the first day:group A,23 patients were treated with routine liver-protecting therapy,including glycyrrhizin,glutathione,albumin; group B,34 patients treated with additional S-adenomethionine (Transmetil).AST,ALT,T-BIL,D-BIL,γ-GT,ALB and ALP were compared between the two groups at pre-operation and post-operation day 1,day 4,day 7 and day 14.Results All patients suffered from preoperative hyperbilirubinemia,decreased ALB and elevated concentration of AST,ALT,γ-GT and ALP.On the first day after transplant,AST,ALT,T-BIL,D-BIL and γ-GT elevated and ALB decreased significantly in all cases compared with that before operation (respectively t =10.493,7.089,6.584,15.134,5.164,10.344,5.289,13.034,3.389,4.366,all P ＜ 0.01).On the contrary,the value of ALB was lower (respectively t =8.239,11.662,all P ＜ 0.05).On the fourth day posttransplant,ALB level was higher and that of other parameters were lower in group B when compared with group A (respectively t =2.536,2.736,2.218,3.318,4.804,2.892,all P ＜ O.05).This tendency of liver function improvement continued till postoperative day 7 in all cases while the differences between the two groups remained significant (respectively t =6.107,3.256,2.929,11.688,8.964,2.857,all P ＜ 0.05)except for γ-GT.On day 14,while T-BIL and D-BIL in group B were lower than that in group A (respectively t =4.413,8.493,all P ＜0.001),differences of liver functions were not significant between the two groups (respectively t =1.916,1.414,1.168,1.035,1.604,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Transmetil promotes the recovery of transplanted liver's function,elevates the concentrantion of ALB and reduces the concentration of AST,ALT,T-BIL,D-BIL,γ-GT and ALP at early stage after liver transplant.

Abstract?AIM: To analyze the clinical effects of partial rectus muscle transportation procedure for paralytic strabismus due to single rectus muscle paralysis.?METHODS:The conditions of 22 patients (25 eyes) who underwent partial rectus muscle transportation procedure for paralytic strabismus due to single rectus muscle paralysis were retrospectively reviewed. The following data were analyzed:1 ) the angle of deviation of primary position; 2 ) the presence of diploma in the primary position;3) the presence of compensatory head posture;4) the motility of the affected eye.All of the patients attended 6mo postoperative follow-up examinations.?RESULTS: According to the results of examinations before and during operation, different operations were performed:2 eyes were treated with partial rectus muscle transportation, 20 eyes were treated with recession of antagonistic muscle of paralytic rectus muscle combined with partial rectus muscle transportation, 3 eyes were treated with recession of antagonistic muscle, partial rectus muscle transportation and recession of yoke muscle.Twenty patients were orthotropia in the primary position, the diploma and abnormal head posture were eliminated. Two patients with binocular lateral rectus muscles paralysis were in mild undercorrection which were resolved by wearing 8△and 10△prisms respectively. The procedure improved strabismus of 25 eyes from 100.23△ ± 42.61△ preoperatively to 0.82△ ± 2.67△postoperatively ( t=10.797,P<0.001).Ocular movement was improved from -4.52 ±0.51 preoperatively to -2.68 ± 0.63 postoperatively (t=-19.468, P<0.001).? CONCLUSION: Partial rectus muscle transportation procedure for paralytic strabismus due to single rectus muscle paralysis can effectively correct the primary position in paralytic strabismus, eliminate the presence of diploma in primary position and abnormal head posture, and improve the ocular motility, which provides content clinical effects.

OBJECTIVETo establish the quality standard of Entadae Semen, and provide scientific basis for its quality control.

METHODTLC and HPLC were used for qualitative identification and quantitative analysis of phaseoloidin and entadamide A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in Entadae Semen. The test of water content, ash and ethanol-soluble extractives of Entadae Semen was carried out according to the methods recorded in appendix of Chinese Pharmacopeia (2010 edition).

RESULTThe TLC was well separated with clear spots. The linear range of phaseoloidin was between 0.014 to 2.747 g x L(-1) (r = 0.999 6, n = 9) with an average recovery rate of 101.06% (RSD 0.90%, n = 6); the linear range of entadamide A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside was between 0.002 to 0.452 g x L(-1) (r = 0.999 7, n = 9) withan average recovery rate of 101.52% (RSD 1.09%, n = 6). The content of phaseoloidin in sample is between 5.12% to 9.24%, entadamide A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is between 0.55% to 2.17%, alcohol-soluble extracts is between 30.9% to 45.2%, water is between 6.6% to 8.6%, and total ash is between 2.4% to 2.9%.

CONCLUSIONThe established standard is acceptable for quality control of Entadae Semen.

China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Quality Control

Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Tongue ; metabolism ; pathology

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Inpatients ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult