Adult ; Chondroblastoma ; pathology ; Chondroma ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Ovary ; pathology ; Teratoma ; pathology

Background The light damage model of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells is a research direction of retinal degeneration diseases,and RPE cell apoptosis induced by light damage and inflammation is an important pathologic basis of light-induced RPE cell damage.However,whether endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) paticipates in light-induced RPE cell damage is rarely reported.Objective This study was to explore the effects of ERS on light-induced RPE cell damage.Methods Human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) was cuhured,and light damage models were created by irradiating the cells for 3-,6-,12-and 24-hours with white fluorescent lamp with the intensity of (2 000±500)lx for the selection of optimal irradiating time,and the cells in the normal control group were cultured in the dark environment.The cells were divided into normal control group,light exposure group and 4-phenylb utyric acid (4-PBA) pretreated +light exposure group.The cells from 4-PBA pretreated +light exposure group were cultued firstly with 4-PBA for 30 minutes and followed by light exposure for 12 hours.The apoptisis rate of the cells and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content were detected by flow cytometry;the concentrations of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the cell supernatant were assyed by ELISA.The relative expressing levels of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6),C/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase-12 mRNA and protein in the cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot,respectively.Results The cultured cells showed a long spindle shape,the border was not clear,the cytoplasm was degranulation,and the cell fragments increased.Flow cytometry showed that compared with the normal control group,the ROS content in the cells and the apoptosis rate were evidently increased with the lapse of light exposure time (F=763.00,119.30,both at P＜0.01).ELISA results showed that the concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in the cell supernatant were significantly higher in the light exposure 6-hour group than those in the normal control group with the peak value in the light exposure 12-hour group.Compared with the normal control group,the relative expression levels of ATF-6,CHOP and caspase-12 mRNA and protein in the cells were elevated in the light exposure group and peaked in the light exposure 12-hour group.In addition,the relative expression levels of ATF-6 mRNA,CHOP mRNA and caspase-12 mRNA in the cells were significantly reduced in 4-PBA pretreated+light exposure group compared with the light exposure group (F=281.69,473.88,308.45,all at P＜0.01),and their proteins were also significantly reduced (F =47.86,57.93,106.59,all at P ＜ 0.01).The apoptosis rate,concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in the cell supernatant were significantly reduced in 4-PBA pretreated+light exposure group compared with the light exposure group (F =88.64,245.47,101.01,all at P＜0.01).Conclusions The light exposure at (2 000 ± 500)lx induces intracellular ROS accumulation and activates the ERS response,which results in apoptosis and inflammatory process of human RPE cells.4-PBA,a inhibitor of ERS,can suppress light-induced ERS response and therefore reduces the apoptosis rate and inhibits inflammatory process.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor on hypoxia responses in mammalian tissues. HIF-1 plays as a positive factor in solid tumor and leads to hypoxia-driven responses that enhance its downstream gene expression for tumor growth and survival. LXY6099 was obtained by the structural modification and optimization of manassantin A (MA) as a high potent HIF-1 inhibitor. Antitumor activity of LXY6099 was observed in this study. LXY6099 with an IC50 value of 2.46 x 10(-10) mol x L(-1) showed more sensitive inhibition activity to HIF-1 than that of MA detected by reporter gene assay (> 100 folds). It showed strong inhibition on the growth of human solid tumor cell lines. Furthermore, LXY6099 exhibited significant antitumor activity against established human tumor xenografts in nu/nu mice with treatment of MX-1 breast cancer. Thus, LXY6099 as a novel HIF-1 inhibitor could be further developed into anti-cancer agents.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; metabolism ; Lignans ; pharmacology ; Mice, Nude

Objective To investigate the epiderniology of fungemia and provide evidence for clinical therapy.Methods A retro- spective survey was done with the 31 cases of fungemia in our hospital from August 2004 to November 2005.Results More than 80% of the patients suffered from two and more underlying diseases.Over a half of infections developed following placement of catheters.And 83.9% of the patients had a history of antimicrobial agents use before blood culture.The pathogens of 24 (77.4%) cases were associated with Candida spp.Only 3 strains were C.albicans.The mortality rate of candidemia was 45.8%.Different Candida species had different resistance rates to antifungal agents.Conclusions Fungemia patients often have serious underlying diseases.Most fungemia cases were candidemia caused by non-C.albicans.Some fungal pathogens are re- sistant to fluconazole and itraconazole.

In this study ,a wild type Salmonella typhimurium (S .typhimurium) strain was isolated and identified in Hong Kong (S129) ,then the asdA gene was knocked out and replaced with kanamycin resistant gene in a Salmonella typhi-murium strain S129 using the λ RED-mediated recombination method .The constructed mutant asdAΔS129 was validated by culturing in the presence or absence of 2 ,6-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) growth in vitro and evaluating its virulence in BALB/c mice challenge assay .Therefore ,this study has demonstrated that an asdA mutant Salmonella typhimurium has been success-fully constructed .

Objective To investigate the pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of female bladder ectopic skene glands.Methods A female with bladder tumor was treated in our hospital in May 2013.Preoperative so(n)graphy revealed a 0.9 cm×0.6 cm round solid mass in the bottom of bladder wall.Mass was hypoechoic homogeneous with regular shape,blood flow within the mass was noted.The tumor was treated with transurethral resection.Routine pathological examination suggested bladder ectopic Skene glands.Immunohistochemical stains for prostate specific antigen (PSA),prostate spectific acid phosphatase (PSAP),androgen receptor (AR),estrogen receptor (ER),CD10,cytokeratin 14 (CK14),cytokeratin 18 (CK18),P63,high molecular weight cytokeratin (34βE12),α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR/p504s) were further performed.Results Routine pathological examination showed prostate glands composed of prostate gland epithelial cells and basal cells in a submucosal location.Immunohistochemical stains showed:PSA-,PSAP +,AR +,ER-,CD10+,CK18 +,CK14-,P63 +,34βE12 +,AMACR-.Conclusions Routine pathological examination combined with immunohistochemical stains such as PSA,PSAP,and others,can be used to diagnose ectopic Skene glands disease.Female bladder ectopic Skene glands is a benign lesion,and the prognosis is good.

Objective To preliminarily optimize the acupuncture protocol in treating migraine in acute stage. Method Ninety patients with migraine in acute stage were observed, with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) as the evaluation index and an orthogonal design. Acupoints groups [Taiyang (EX-HN5), Fengchi (GB20), Taiyang (EX-HN5) and Fengchi (GB20)], insertion directions (perpendicular, downward penetration, and backward penetration), stimulation dosage (1 needle, 3 needles, and 5 needles) and acupuncture duration (30 min, 1 h, and 2 h), altogether 4 factors and 3 levels, formed up different acupuncture protocols to observe the analgesic efficacy in treating migraine in acute stage, so as to determine the role of the four factors (Chi-square test), advantage of the 3 levels (multiple comparisons) and the optimal grouping of the 4 factors and 3 levels. Result Acupoints group, insertion direction and stimulation dosage were the major factors in acupuncture analgesia, and the acupuncture duration was the secondary factor (P<0.05). The analgesic effect of Taiyang (EX-HN5) and Fengchi (GB20) was more significant than either Taiyang (EX-HN5) or Fengchi (GB20) (P<0.05). Penetration puncture from Naokong (GB19) towards Fengchi (GB20) (downward penetration) produced a more significant analgesic effect than from Fengchi (GB20) towards Wangu (GB12) and from Tianyou (TE16) towards Fengchi (GB20) (both backward penetration) (P<0.05). Acupuncture with Five needles and 3 needles (parallel horizontal insertion) were superior to that with 1 needle (P<0.05); acupuncture with 5 needles was better than that with 3 needles but without a statistical significance (P>0.05). Needle retaining for 2 h produced a better analgesic effect than retaining for 30 min and 1 h, but without statistical significances (P>0.05). Conclusion Taiyang (EX-HN5) plus Fengchi (GB20), downward penetration acupuncture, 5-needle parallel horizontal acupuncture, and 2-h needle retaining combine an optimal acupuncture protocol in treating migraine in acute stage. Nevertheless, 3-needle parallel acupuncture with 30-60-min needle retaining can also be chosen according to the condition of the patients.

A 2,4 -dichlorophenol degrading Pseudomonas strain GI241-1 was isolated from a soil sample. The dienelactone hydrolase gene, designated as dcpD which encodes dienelactone hydrolase involved in transforming cis-2-chloro-dienelactone into 2-chloromaleylacetic acid, was cloned from this bacterium strain. The gene cloning strategy was to construct genomic library after location of its neighbouring gene by Southem blot and to screen the aim transformant by dot blotting. Sequencing results showed that length of dcpD is 702bp. The sequence of dcpD and the deduced amino acid are different from the relative sequences registered in the GenBank.

OBJECTIVETo observe the dynamic changes of bone density and bone strength after alveolar ridge augmentation with Titanium Nickel shake memory alloy (TiNi-SMA) distractor and acellular dermal matrix (ADM).

METHODSTwelve adult healthy male dogs were selected. After the animal model of alveolar atrophy was set up, on one side of mandible, two S-shaped distractors were placed. The diameter of S-shaped distractor was 1 mm and the rebound temperature was 33 degrees C. The ADM was placed on the distraction gap and fixed by the feet of distractors. The other side was placed only with distractors, serving as control side. Six dogs' mandibles were harvested after 1 and 3 months respectively. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to scan bone density around the distraction gap. Mechanical machine was used to test compression strength and elastic modulus.

RESULTSMonths after distraction, the bone density of upper distraction gap, distraction gap and low distraction gap were respectively (0.714 +/- 0.238) g/cm2, (0.512 +/- 0.435) g/cm2 and (0.615 +/- 0.043) g/cm2 on experimental side. The compression strength and elastic modulus were (36.54 +/- 7.32) MPa and (1674.10 +/- 256.43) MPa. All of above were higher than those of control side.

CONCLUSIONSADM can improve the bone quality, increase bone density and intensity and is an ideal guided bone regeneration(GBR) membrane for alveolar ridge augmentation with TiNi-SMA distractor.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation ; Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density ; Bone Regeneration ; Dental Alloys ; Dogs ; Male ; Nickel ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Titanium

This study is to investigate the effect of total flavonoids of Uygur medicine bugloss (BTF) on rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, and to explore the mechanisms by which it acts. Left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in rats was occluded for 30 min followed by 4 h reperfusion. Meanwhile, BTF dissolved in saline was administered intraperitoneally at dosage of 10, 30 and 50 mg x kg(-1). Electrocardiograph, infarction index, serum myocardial enzymes and heart function were determined to evaluate the effect of BTF. Some other observations were carried out to explore whether inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis is involved in the mechanisms underlying BTF. Our results showed that in ischemia/reperfusion injured rats BTF could dose-dependently reduce myocardial infarction index and myocardial enzyme leakage, and enhance heart function, indicating that it possesses significant cardio protection. ELISA analysis showed that BTF could decrease the content of myocardial inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Western-blotting confirmed that BTF could increase the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and reduce the expression of proapoptosis protein Bax. Further more, the phosphorylation level of PI3K and Akt was upregulated by BTF treatment. BTF can protect rat against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Anti-inflammation and inhibition of apoptosis through upregulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway may contribute to the protective effect of BTF.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Boraginaceae ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Heart ; Interleukin-6 ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; Myocardium ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Phosphorylation ; Protective Agents ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein