Objetive To study the medical value of the combined treatment of laparoscopy and duodenoscopy treatment for calculus of extrahepatic bile duct.Methods Retrospectivly analyzed the clinical data of 72 cases with combination of laparoscopy and duodenoscopy treatment for calculus of extrahepatic bile duct between March 2006 and October 2011.There were 11 cases of choledocholithiasis and 61 cases of choledocholithiasis and cholecystolithiasis.Results Three cases of severe abdominal adhesion converted to laparotomy and other 69 cases were cured.The cure rate was 95.83％.There were no complications such as infection,bile duct injury,bile leakage,intraabdominal hemorrhage,bile reflux cholangitis,pancreatitis and cicatrical stenosis of papilary.The examination after operation showed that there weren't any residual bile duct stones.Conclusions The combination of laparoscopy and duodenoscopy treatment for calculus of extrabepatic bile duct has less traumatic,few intercurrent disease,and was safe and reliable with well postoperative recovery.It can be regarded as the preference treatment for calculus of extrahepatic bile duct.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of the high-flux dialysis on maintaining hemodialysis patients. Methods60 hemodialysis patients were randomly divided into the ordinary PMMA membrane dialyzer group,the ordinary polysulfone membrane dialyzer group and the high-flux dialyzer group with 20 patients in each group.Before and after the single hemodialysis,the removing effect of serum β2- microglobulin (β2-MG)in the 3 kinds of dialyzer,and cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein changes after 6 months were compared. ResultsThe ordinary PMMA membrane dialyzer group and high-flux dialyzer group can reduce the concentration of β2-MG,while the high-flux dialyzer group showed more significant effect.On the aspect of lipid metabolism,in the high-flux dialyzer group,serum total cholesterol,triglycerides and LDL levels decreased significantly,while the ordinary dialysis group had no significant change. ConclusionsThe high-flux dialysis can improve the dialysis efficiency,life quality and reduce the complications of patients.

Autoantibodies ; Child ; Complement Factor H ; immunology ; Female ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome ; immunology ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the necessary and research of accelerating basic research of Chinese standard pieces as standard materials.

METHODAccording to over 10 years accumulated experience and be keenly aware of the author, the evaluation method of standardized processing technology and Chinese pieces quality, aimed at consummated the standard material of the quality evaluation of Chinese herbal pieces at the current situation, and inaccordance with the need of improving quality standard system of Chinese herbal pieces, illustrate the necessity of accelerating basic research of Chinese standard pieces as standard materials; from the technical specification for collecting and processing of raw materials, and the technical specification, homogenized sample, packaging, storage and etc., for processing of candidate standard pieces, determine the methods and steps of technical specifications for standard pieces as the standard substance, determine the methods and steps of technical specifications for standard pieces as the standard substance.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONTo speed up the basic research of standard of Chinese medicine pieces as of standard material is very necessary. The research objective is to specificate the processing technical for a number of standard pieces, to identify technical specifications and to ascertain the guiding principle and technical specification of decoction pieces as standard substance. This research will provide basic scientific data relevant national departments to apply for the accreditation of the standard substance.

Objective To establish a satisfactory method of isolating,culturing and determining gut neural crest stem cells,which may provide theoretical basis for clinical application.Methods The guts of embryonic mice removed and dissociated were plated into serum-free DMEM/F12 medium.The mitogen-free DMEM/F12 medium supplementd with 10% fetal bovine serum was used to induce differentiation of GNCSCs.Neurospheres and their derivations were determined with immunocytochemical and immunofluorescent staning.Results Neurospheres were generated in the simplified serum-free medium.The staining results showed that enteric neurospheres were GNCSCs and could differentiate into neurons,glial cells and smooth muscle cells by serum-induction.Conclusion GNCSCs have the capacity of self-renewal and proliferation,and give rise to neurons,glial cells and myofibroblasts.

Objective:To establish the acute rejection model of orthotopic liver transplantation in rat(ROLT) and observe the basic pathophysiologic changes of acute rejection.Methods:The rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group,isotransplantation group(LEW-LEW),and allotransplantation group(LEW-BN).Recipients were sacrificed on 3,5,7,and 10 days postoperatively and liver tissues and blood samples were collected.Recipient survival rate,histopathological and ultrastructural characteristics were observed.ALT,TBIL,and Alb were measured with automatic biochemical analyser.IL-2 content in serum was assayed by ELISA.Results:There was no rejection in isotransplantation from Lewis to Lewis rat resulted and 14-day survival rate reached 100%.The IL-2 concentration in serum was at normal level.On the contrary,all recipients in allotransplantation group from LEW to BN rat died among 14 days postoperatively,and hepatic histological examination showed typical acute rejection on 7 days.Liver function was severely impaired,which was indicated by significant increase of ALT and TBIL levels and apparent decrease of Alb level.The IL-2 concentration in serum was continuously increased and reached its peak value on 7 days postoperatively.Conclusion:An acute rejection experimental model of liver transplantation in rat could be stably established using Lewis rat as donor and BN rat as recipient.

Background The retina microglia play a eliminating effect on apoptotie cells in the neural retinal layer of normal rats during postnatal development.Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8(MFG.E8)can combine specifically with phosphatidylinositol serine of the surface of apoptotie cells and enhance macrophage phagoeytosis of apoptotic cells.Objective Present study was to evaluate the localization and expression of MFG-E8 and its relevant cytokines in the neural retinal layer of normal rats during postnatal development Methods Normal royal college of surgeon(RCS)rats were divided into P0,P3,P7,Pi4,P30,P45 groups according to their postnatal days,and the 30-day-old RCS rats(2 rats)served as controls.Double stain of M FG.E8 and microglial cells marker(CD11b)was performed by immunofluorescence.Expressions of MFG-E8,integrin β5,CD11b and interleukin-6(IL-6)mRNA in the neural retina were analyzed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The utilization of animals complied with the Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State and Science and Technology Commission.Results MFG-E8 and CD11b were positively co-expressed in retinal ganglion cell layer and external plexiform layer with the green fluorescence for FITC-labeled IgG and red fluorescence for cy3-labeled lgG respectively in normal adult rats.RT-PCR showed that the mRNA of MFG-E8,integrin 85,CD11b and IL-6 was detectable at P0 rats.The expression level of these eytokines began to rise fterward and reached peak value at P14 rats and then declined gradually,showing significant differences among different ages groups in various cytokines mRNA expression(all P<0.05).Conclusion MFG-E8 can be specifically expressed in the neural layer of retina microglia in RCS rat.

Taxus is the source plant of anti-cancer drug paclitaxel and its biosynthetic precursor, analogs and derivatives, which has been studying for decades. There are many endemic Taxus species in China, which have been studied in the field of multiple disciplines. Based on the recent studies of the researchers, this review comments on the study of Taxus biology and chemistry. The bibliometric method is used to quantify the global scientific production of Taxus-related research, and identify patterns and tendencies of Taxus-related articles. Gaps are present in knowledge about the genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and bioinformatics of Taxus and their endophytic fungi. Systems biology and various omics technologies will play an increasingly important role in the coming decades.

Objective To observe the influence of diabetes mellitus or insulin on fluctuations of serum potassium in patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Methods 52 cases of hemodialysis patients,including 30 non-diabetes patients,11 patients with diabetes but not using insulin,11 diabetes patients using insulin.At the time of 0,24,48 h during dialysis,we collected serum samples from the 52 patients,serum potassium was compared among the three groups.Results On 0,24,48 h,serum potassium level of the diabetes but not using insulin group had no significant difference with the non-diabetes group.While in diabetes using insulin group,serum potassium level was lower compared with the non-diabetes group or diabetes not using insulin group.Conclusions Diabetes itself had no effect on serum potassium fluctuations of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients,however,insulin can reduce the pre-dialysis serum potassium levels of MHD patients.