Hemangioblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Nerve ; pathology ; Optic Nerve Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; von Willebrand Factor ; metabolism

As a clean, efficient, and renewable energy, hydrogen is regarded as a promising alternative. Because of using biomass as substrate, microbial fermentative hydrogen production can meet the need of sustainable development. The factors affecting the process of microbial fermentative hydrogen production, are analyzed in this paper on the basis of microorganisms, substrates, products and operative parameters. The parameters related to hydrogen production from organic wastes, are also mentioned.

Objective To establish a novel flow cytometric crossmatch assay allowing detection of complement-fixing donor specific anti-HLA IgG alloantibodies (Flow cytometry complement-dependent crossmatch,Flow-CDC). Methods One hundred pretransplant crossmatchings were performed using Flow-CDC and NIH-CDC between 62 patients awaiting renal transplantation and 33 donor cells.These crossmatchings were divided into two groups according to PRA.Group 1 consisted of 25 sera with negative PRA,and group 2 consisted of 75 sera with positive PRA.All of the sera were pretreated with DTT to inactivate IgM. Lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral blood (or,in a few instances,from the spleen) of the cadaveric donors. The correlation between different techniques for detection of donor specific anti-HLA antibodies was evaluated.The effect of both methods on clinical transplantation outcome was observed. Results In group 1,NIH-CDC and Flow-CDC were negative for all 25 sera.In group 2,24 (32.0%) had a positive NIH-CDC,31 (41.3%) had a positive Flow-CDC.There was a significant difference between two methods (?2=5.14, P= 0.016 ).Overall concordance between both tests was 93% with 69 concordant negatives and 24 concordant positives. The correlation coefficient (r) was 0.80.In group 2,5 patients received transplantation. One of them with negative NIH-CDC and positive Flow-CDC suffered from acute rejection after transplantation and lost the graft,and the other patients with negative NIH-CDC and Flow-CDC had good outcome. Conclusions Flow-CDC can detect specifically complement-fixing IgG alloantibodies against donor HLA and is more sensitive than NIH-CDC.Additionally,the computer printouts represent a permanent record of the crossmatch for retrospective review.Flow-CDC may become the standard crossmatch method as a possible alternative to conventional NIH-CDC testing.

Objective To investigate the effect of Dexamethasone on microtubule - associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)expression of cells and neurons in cerebral cortex of juvenile Wistar rats with sepsis. Methods Models of juvenile Wistar rats with sepsis were established through cecal ligation and puncture(CLP). Totally 60 cases of 30 -day - old juvenile male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham - operation group(10 cases),non - treated group (25 cases)and Dexamethasone group(25 cases). Twelve hours after CLP,rats in Dexamethasone group were injected with Dexamethasone(1 mg / kg)via tail vein every other day,with a total of 3 times. The same dose of saline was used in the non - treated group. All rats were killed at the age of 40 days. Expressions of LC3 and neuronal nuclei(NeuN)of cells in cerebral cortex of rats were detected by using immunofluorescence assay,and the number of positive cells was calculated by using image analysis system software. Expressions of LC3 - Ⅰ and LC3 - Ⅱ protein were measured by a-dopting Western blot. Results Three hours after CLP,rats appeared to be curled up and showed piloerection and shi-vering and the neurobehavioral score in non - treated group was significantly lower than that in sham - operation group (t = 9. 895,P = 0. 000). Twelve of 25 rats in Dexamethasone group died in 10 days after CLP(48% ),while 8 of 25 rats in non - treated group died(32% ),and the difference was not statistically significant between the 2 groups(χ2 =1. 333,P = 0. 248). The immunofluorescence staining and image analysis showed the percentage of LC3 positive cells in non - treated group was significantly increased(0. 606 7 ± 0. 030 1 vs 0. 353 3 ± 0. 025 8,t = 15. 644,P = 0. 000;0. 606 7 ± 0. 030 1 vs 0. 270 3 ± 0. 019 4,t = 22. 450,P = 0. 000). In non - treated group,the LC3 expression of cells in the cerebral cortex of rats was up - regulated,and the LC3 - Ⅱ/ LC3 - Ⅰ ratio was significantly higher than that in sham operation group and Dexamethasone group(0. 413 3 ± 0. 022 5 vs 0. 205 0 ± 0. 015 2,t = 18. 802,P = 0. 000;0. 413 3 ± 0. 022 5 vs 0. 185 0 ± 0. 023 5,t = 17. 206,P = 0. 000). The LC3 positive neurons in the cerebral cortex of rats were less in sham operation group and Dexamethasone group. The LC3 positive neurons were more in non - treated group than that in sham operation group and Dexamethasone group(0. 580 0 ± 0. 020 0 vs 0. 298 3 ± 0. 014 7,t =27. 783;P = 0. 000;0. 580 0 ± 0. 020 0 vs 0. 261 7 ± 0. 017 2,t = 28. 614;P = 0. 000). Conclusions The LC3 expres-sion of cells in the cerebral cortex of juvenile Wistar rats with sepsis was up - regulated,LC3 - Ⅱ/ LC3 - Ⅰ ratio in-creased,and the number of LC3 positive neurons also increased,while Dexamethasone could have inhibitory effect on them.

Objective To investigate the ultrasound characteristics of prenatal fetus otocephaly . Methods Three prenatal fetus with otocephaly were examined with two -and three-dimensional ultrasoundand examined results were compared with the those of induced labor or autopsy ,and ultrasound characteristicsof prenatal fetus were analyzed and summarized .Results The ultrasound performance of three prenatal fetuswith otocephaly and the examination of the appearance after induced labor showed :(1) The most intuitiveinitial sonographic performance of otocephaly was manifested by the absence of stomach bubble andoverabundance of amniotic fluid.Among three fetus,one fetus had overabundance of amniotic fluid at the midstageof pregnancy,one fetus had normal amniotic fluid at the mid-stage of pregnancy and one fetus hadextremely high amount of amniotic fluid and absence of stomach bubble at late stage of pregnancy .(2) Allthree fetus showed agnathy and synotia (shifts of both ears to the midline) and microstomia deformity.(3) All three fetus had associated complications with deformity in other systems including two cases of patients withcleft lip and palat,both were the fracture unilateral cleft lip derived from small mouth .One fetus withdysmelia and one fetus with complicated cardiovascular deformity and situs inversus and .(4) The results ofexamination after induced labor or autopsy were consistent with those of the prenatal ultrasound examination . Conclusions Prenatal ultrasound examination is an effective and feasible means for the diagnoses ofotocephaly.When the symptoms of “absence of stomach bubble and extremely high amount of amniotic fluid ”occurred,the fetal ear and submaxilla should be examined to confirm stand -alone otocephaly prenatally.

Adult ; Chordoma ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Septum ; pathology ; Nose Neoplasms

ObjectiveTo find out if the immune system derived thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) β splice variant(TSHβ-Ⅴ) would be regulated by circulating thyroid hormone levels to get a further understanding of the function and mechanism of this TSHβ-Ⅴ in thyroid homeostasis.MethodsA total of 20 weaning Balb/c mice (half male and half female) were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to their body mass and gender(n =10).Mice of control group were fed with common diet and deionized water.Mice of the low-iodine(LI) group were fed with low-iodine diet(containing iodine 20 - 40 μg/kg,iodine-intake about 0.25 μg/d) and deionized water.The experimental period was 3 months.At the end of the experiment,mice were executed and the blood was collected to observe the levels of TSH and thyroid hormone by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA) ; bone marrow (BM),peripheral blood(PBL),thyroid gland and pituitary were collected to assay the TSHβ-Ⅴ mRNA expression by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsThe serum free thyroxine(FT4) and total thyroxine(TT4) levels in LI group of mice[(0.47 ± 0.70)nmol/L,(2.41 ± 0.28)pmol/L] were significantly lower than that of the control group of mice [(55.2 ± 3.68) nmol/L, (32.72 ± 1.02) pmol/L,t =43.81,86.04 、all P ＜ 0.01 ] and the serum total triiodothyronine(TT3) and free triiodothyronine(FT3) reduction in LI group of mice[ (0.76 ± 0.08)nmol/L,(4.01 ± 0.40)pmol/L] were significantly lower than that of the control group of mice [ (1.10 ± 0.06)nmol/L,(5.40 ± 0.38)pmol/L,t =9.81,7.5 1,P ＜ 0.01 ].Iodine insufficiency strongly elevated the serum TSH in LI group of mice[ (35.67 ± 17.39)mU/L] than that in control group of mice[ (0.24 ± 0.10)mU/L,t =- 6.11,P ＜ 0.01 ].The mRNA levels of TSH β-Ⅴ in BM (9.62 ± 0.60) and in PBL( 9.25 ± 0.83 ) of LI group of mice were lower than those in control group of mice (7.69 ± 0.36,7.11 ± 0.41,t =6.77,5.64,P ＜ 0.01),while the mRNA level of TSH β-Ⅴ in pituitary of LI group of mice (1.99 ± 0.61) was increased compared with that in control group of mice (5.75 ± 0.98,t =- 8.02,P＜ 0.01).Compared with control group of mice(9.12 ± 0.62),the level of thyroid TSH β-Ⅴ mRNA in LI group of mice (9.32 ± 0.91 ) was not significantly changed (t =0.45,P ＞ 0.05).There was no detectable native TSHβ in BM,PBL and thyroid.The mRNA level of native TSHβ in pituitary in LI group of mice( - 7.17 ± 1.78) was dramatically elevated compared to that in control group of mice( - 1.43 ± 0.51,t =- 7.60,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsThe mRNA levels of TSHβ-Ⅴ are suppressed in BM and PBL in low iodinediet induced hypothyroidism mice,which suggest that immune system derived TSHβ-Ⅴ may be more important thannative TSHβ in immune-thyroid regulation.

In the past few decades, our understanding of platelets has made great progress. Platelets play an unexpected central role in cancer and greatly affect the behavior of cancer cells. At the same time, the physiology and phenotype of platelets are also affected by cancer cells. Therefore, platelet-based tumor targeted therapy strategies have attracted the attention of researchers, but the limitations of their application require more attention. In this paper, the strategies of platelet-based tumor targeted therapy are summarized, and the strategies of platelet mimicking nanocarrier delivery, platelet hitch riding, platelet membrane coating biomimetic and engineered platelet targeting are mainly introduced. The easy activation, hard storage and unknown functional and phenotypic changes of platelets were discussed. At the same time, the strategy of platelet-based targeted tumor therapy is reviewed from theoretical basis and practical application. The development potential of platelets in the field of tumor diagnosis and treatment is discussed, which will provide some theoretical reference for the study of platelet-related tumor diagnosis and targeted therapy.

The extracting technology of salidroside, tyrosol, crenulatin and gallic acid from Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma was optimized. With extraction rate of salidroside, tyrosol, crenulatin and gallic acid as indexes, orthogonal test was used to evaluate effect of 4 factors on extracting technology, including concentration of solvent, the dosage of solvent, duration of extraction, and frequency of extraction. The results showed that, the best extracting technology was to extract in 70% alcohol with 8 times the weight of herbal medicine for 2 times, with 3 hours once. High extraction rate of salidroside, tyrosol, crenulatin and gallic acid were obtained with the present technology. The extracting technology was stable and feasible with high extraction rate of four compounds from Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma, it was suitable for industrial production.
Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Coumarins ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; Gallic Acid ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; Phenols ; isolation & purification ; Phenylethyl Alcohol ; analogs & derivatives ; isolation & purification ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Composite Zaizhang decoction (ZZD) on immune function of chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) patients.

METHODSTo determine the levels of T-lymphocyte subset, serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in CAA patients before and after treatment, and to analyse the regulation of their changes comparatively with the group treated with conventional treatment and a normal control group.

RESULTSBefore treatment, CD4 was lower, CD8 higher, CD4/CD8 ratio also lower, TNF-alpha and IL-2 were higher in the ZZD treated group than those in the normal control group, with significant difference (P < 0.05), but after ZZD treatment, these indexes were all inversely changed, as compared with those before treatment and with those in the control group, the difference was significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONZZD might relieve the hemopoietic inhibition so as to promote the recovery of hemopoietic function through improving the T-lymphocyte subset and reducing the release of hemopoietic negative ragulatory factors such as TNF-alpha and IL-2 etc.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism