Child ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Renal

Objective: To investigate the changing trends in injury mortality among permanent residents in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province from 2017 to 2022, so as to provide the basis for formulating injury intervention measures. Methods: Injury death data of permanent residents in Jingzhou City from 2017 to 2022 were collected through the Population Death Information Registration and Management System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The crude mortality of injury was analyzed and the standardized mortality was calculated using the data from the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. The changing trend in injury mortality was analyzed using the annual percent change (APC). Results: There were 29 220 injury deaths among permanent residents in Jingzhou City from 2017 to 2022, with a crude mortality rate of 88.61/105. The crude mortality rate of injury was higher in males than in females (101.04/105 vs. 75.97/105, P<0.05). The crude mortality rates of injury in males, females and the whole population all showed upward trends (APC=6.572%, 9.232% and 7.731%, all P<0.05). Males, females and the whole population at the ages of 65 years and above appeared upward trends in crude mortality rates of injury (APC=4.603%, 5.064% and 4.851%, all P<0.05). No significant trends were observed in the crude mortality rate in the residents aged <15 years and 15 to <65 years (both P>0.05). The top five causes of injury death were suicide (25.81/105), falls (24.38/105), motor vehicle traffic accident (17.23/105), drowning (8.61/105), and other unintentional accidents and harmful effects (5.63/105). From 2021 to 2022, falls rose to the first cause of injury mortality. Conclusions The crude mortality of injury among permanent residents in Jingzhou City from 2017 to 2022 showed an upward trend. Males and residents aged 65 years and above should be prioritized for intervention measures. Notably, falls have become the top cause of injury from 2021 to 2022.

Objective: To understand the relationship between mental health status and vision-related quality of life( VRQL ) of students with moderate and high myopia, and to provide basis for the optimization of VRQL. Methods: Using convenient sampling method, the 8-18 years old students with moderate and high myopia were selected from Sichuan, Chongqing and Zhejiang. The mental health status and VRQL of students with moderate and high myopia were evaluated with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Quality of Life Scale for Ametropia. The multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for VRQL. Results: A total of 360 questionnaires were sent out and 354 were effectively recovered, with an effective rate of 98.33%. There were 116 ( 32.77% ) boys and 238 ( 67.23% ) girls; the median age was 16.65 years old. There were 211 ( 59.60% ) cases of moderate myopia and 143 (40.40%) cases of high myopia.There were 141 ( 39.83% ) found to be anxious and 176 ( 49.72% ) depressed. The median score of Quality of Life Scale for Ametropia was 64. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that sex ( β＇= -0.179 ), diopter ( β＇= 0.208 ), eyesight with glasses ( β＇= -0.229 ) and anxiety ( β＇= 0.439 ) were influencing factors for VRQL. Conclusion The mental health problems of the students with medium and high myopia are prominent; anxiety has a significant impact on the VRQL of the students.

Objective To probe into a doctor-seeking medical management model for China's urban hypertension patients under medical insurance, and enhance the level and quality of medical insurance management. Methods Hypertension patients were surveyed with a structured questionnaire, and the staff at community health centers and medical insurance management centers received qualitative interview. Results The hypertension patients are found to see doctors mostly at community health centers and tertiary hospitals; complaints among hypertension patients for existing medical insurance vary with their areas, mostly targeting on complicated reimbursement procedure, high threshold of medical insurance payment and low level of reimbursement. Recommendation Experiment with the single-disease payment for hypertension, with the total prepayment in per capita and per disease; greater efforts in hypertension control in communities, with more favorable medical insurance policies for communities;elevated collaboration with medical institutions at all levels, and building and standardizing the management information network for hypertension patients.

Objective:To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker( QAMS) for nine kinds of alkaloids in Xiaohuoluo pills. Methods: An HPLC-QTOF-MS method with an Agilent ZORBAX Extend-C18 RRHT(2. 1 mm × 50 mm,1. 8 μm) column was applied. The flow rate was 0. 21 ml·min-1 . The column temperature was 30 ℃. The mobile phase was methanol (A)-water (B;containing 0. 1％ formic acid and 2. 5 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate) with gradient elution. The aconitine was used as the internal standard, and the relative correction factor ( RCFs) of hypaconitine, mesaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoyl-hypaconine, benzoylmesaconine, aconine, hypaconine and mesaconine was respectively established, and the reproducibility inspection on the RCF was performed. The contents of the other 8 kinds of aconitum alkaloids were calculated according to the RCF. At the same time, an external standard method ( ESM) was performed for the content determination of the nine alkaloids. The results of the two methods were compared. The feasibility and accuracy of the QAMS method were verified. Results:Within a certain range,the RCF of hypacontine,mesacontine, benzoylaconine, benzoylhypaconine, benzoyl mesaconine, aconine, hypaconine and mesaconine to aconitine was 1. 736,1. 979,1. 0471,0. 9242,1. 2901,1. 3078,1. 2859,and 1. 0948,respectively. The QAMS method was established for determi-ning alkaloids. There were no significant differences between the results of the QAMS method and those of the external standard method ( ESM) . Conclusion:With the validation of methodology, the method established in our study can be used for the content determina-tion of aconitine, hypaconitine, mesaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylhypaconine, benzoylmesaconine, aconine, hypaconine and mesaconine in xiaohuoluo pills.

Humans ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; genetics ; Molecular Biology ; Oxidoreductases ; chemistry ; deficiency ; genetics

Objective: To investigate the hydrolysis conversion rate of alcohol amine-diterpene alkaloids from aconitum alkaloids, hydrolyze aconitum alkaloids reference substance, calculate the amount of alcohol amine-diterpene alkaloids in the hydrolysis solution by the hydrolysis conversion rate, which is used as the amount of alcohol amine-diterpene alkaloids reference substance, and establish a content determination method for aconine, hypaconitine and aconine in Aconiti radix cocta.Methods: Through controlling the hydrolysis conditions of aconitine, hypaconitine and mesaconitine, aconine, hypaconitine and aconine were obtained.The determination was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX Extend-C18 RRHT(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8 μm) column with the mobile phase consisting of methanol(A)-water(B containing 0.1% formic acid and 2.5 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate) with gradient elution by HPLC-QTOF-MS.The flow rate was 0.21 ml·min-1.The column temperature was 30 ℃.MS instrument was equipped with an ESI+ ion source.Results: Under the hydrolysis conditions of this study, the conversion rate of aconine from aconitine was 99.64%;the conversion rate of hypaconitine from hypaconine was 99.94%;the conversion rate of mesaconitine from mesaconine was 99.57%.The HPLC-QTOF-MS methodological investigation showed the 3 kinds of alcohol amine-diterpene alkaloids were with good linearity (r>0.999 1).The RSD of the precision, repeatability and stability tests were less than 5%.The average recoveries were within the range of 99.43%-100.10%.Conclusion: The validated method is simple, specific, reliable and reproducible.In the absence of reference substance, it can be used for the quality control of the herbs of Aconitum L.species.

Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of continuous light and benzene exposure on peripheral blood erythrocyte - Methods parameters and expression of miR 144/451 in the bone marrow of mice. This was a 2×2 factorial design. Photoperiod ， ， factor was set as normal and continuous light levels and mice were treated for 12 hours/12 hours light/dark or 24 hours light - respectively. The benzene exposure factor was set as non exposure and exposure levels. Mice were exposed to benzene by static 3 ， inhalation with a mass concentration of 0.0 and 32.5 mg/m for three hours per day five days per week for a total of four weeks. ， ， Specific pathogen free male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into negative control group simple continuous light group - - ， ， simple benzene exposure group and combined exposure group with 12 mice per group. After benzene exposure peripheral ， blood was collected for the detection of erythrocyte parameters in four periods. After the mice were sacrificed the expression of - - - - miR 451a and miR 144 5p was detected by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction in bone marrow Results （ ）， ， tissues. The hematocrit volume HCT mean corpuscular volume mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration （ ） - MCHC and mean corpuscular hemoglobin in peripheral blood and the relative expression of miR 451a in bone marrow tissue （ P< ） ， were statistically significant only in mice with benzene exposure all 0.05 . Among them the MCHC of benzene exposed （P< ）， （ P< ） - mice increased 0.05 but the other four indexes decreased all 0.05 compared with non benzene exposed mice. In thenegative control group the change of red blood cells count hemoglobin level and HCT in peripheral blood were rhythmical all P < ） ， （ P > ） rhythmical 0.05 . However the indexes above were out of rhythm all rhythmical 0.05 in the simple continuous light group and the - （ P > combined exposure group. The change of hemoglobin level and HCT of peripheral blood were also out of rhythm all rhythmical ） - - 0.05 in the simple benzene exposure group. The relative expression of miR 451a in bone marrow tissues of negative control （ P < ）， - group and simple continuous light group was rhythmical all rhythmical 0.05 while the relative expression of miR 451a in simple - - （ P > ）Conclusion benzene exposure group and combined exposure group was out of rhythm all rhythmical 0.05 . Benzene exposure ， induced changes in erythrocyte parameters of mice are independent effect and its mechanism may be related to the rhythmic - ， expression disorder of miR 451a in bone marrow tissues. Continuous light exposure benzene exposure and their interactions can ， interfere with the circadian rhythm of erythrocyte parameters such as red blood cell count hemoglobin and HCT to some extent.

Objective To examine the relationship between smoking and tobacco-related mortality in a cohort of the aged Chinese armymen.Methods A cohort study was carried out in Xi'an,China from 1987 to 2005.A total of 1 268 retired male military cadres aged 55 or older were examined in 1987 and followed up in the next 18 years.At baseline,388 men were non-smokers,461 were former smokers,and 419 were current smokers.The current smoking rate was 33.04%,Quitted rate was 52.39%.The terminal main observation items included all-cause and tobacco-associated mortality.Results Up to Jun 30,2005,a total of 491 subjects died.Compared with non-smokers,the relative risks(95% confidence intervals(CI)) of ever-smokers for all-cause deaths,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),lung cancer,and coronary heart disease(CHD) were 1.24(1.01-1.53),1.91(1.06-3.46),2.91(1.36-6.23),and 1.15(0.68-1.93),respectively.Compared with current smokers,the risks of total mortality and death from lung cancer for former smokers were decreased by 66.7% and 14.98%,respectively.Conclusions Cigarette smoking was a major death risk factor in the cohort and quitting smoking could save lives.

A rapid, sensitive and convenient LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in human plasma. d2-γ-Aminobutyric acid (d2-GABA) was synthesized as internal standard (IS). After extraction from human plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile, all analytes were separated on a Luna HILIC column (100 mm x 3.0 mm, 3 μm) using an isocratic mobile phase of water: acetonitrile: formic acid (20 : 80 : 0.12) with a flow rate of 0.5 mL x min(-1). Acquisition of mass spectrometric data was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) in positive electrospray ionization using the transitions of m/z 104 --> 69 for GABA and m/z 106 --> 71 for d2-GABA. The method was linear in the concentration range of 5.00 to 1 000 ng x mL(-1). The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 9.9%, and accuracy ranged from 99.1% to 104%, within the acceptable limit across all concentrations. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of GABA tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Humans ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; blood