OBJECTIVE:To promote the development of clinical pharmacy.METHODS:The clinical pharmacists and the status quo of pharmaceutical care in Taiwan region were introduced.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The clinical pharmaceutical care mode prevalent in Taiwan region can serve as a model for mainland China to follow.What is urgent now is to emphasis the cultivation of clinical pharmacists and to perfect the concept of pharmaceutical care.

Age Factors ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prader-Willi Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome

Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Tyrosinemias ; diagnosis ; therapy

Castleman Disease ; complications ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Pemphigus ; complications

Objective In order to offer a noninvasive and objective examination method for assessing the clinical diagnosis and eurative criterion of concussion patients, the patients color three - dimensional transcranial doppler( 3D - TCD) characteristic at deferent phases, parameter and clincal manifestation were studied Method Parameter of Median Cerebral Artery(MCA), Base Artery(BA), the average peak forwand velocity of cerebral blood flow, train figure were tested by 3D - TCD within 24 hours, 3 - 6 days and at the end of treatment, respectively. The results were compared with clinical diagnoses and curative criterion. Result Among 135 patients who had clinically diagnosed concussion, agreeable diagnoses 101 cases, basically agreeable diagnooses 12 cases, disagreeable diagnosis 22 cases(16. 2%) .At the end of treatment, according to clinical determination 96 cases(71.1%) were cured, 39 cases(28.9%) were improved. Wave train character, figure and diagnoses prameter of cerebral spasm caused by concussion were suggested Conclusion To be one of the diagnostic bases and curative criterion, 3D- TC D technology is performable. Meanwhile, it is a new testing objective technique for assessing curative and determining prognosis.

Objective:To evaluate the role of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)patients. Methods: From 2004 to 2005,215 patients underwent CABG and there were 36 cases with LVEF0.40(normal LVEF group). Correlative data of the two groups were compared and analyzed statistically. Results: Compared with the normal EF group, the EuroSCORE of the low EF group was much higher (mean 6.4?1.7) and many more patients of the low EF group had concomitant moderate to severe mitral valve insufficiency and aneurysm that needed simultaneous surgical operation(55.6%).Two patients died in hospital(5.5%)in the low EF group whereas five patients in the normal EF group(2.8%, P

Objective: To study the impact of interferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) inhibition on apoptosis of human aortic adventitial fibroblasts (HAAFs). Methods: Our research included 3 groups: ① IFI16-siRNA group, specific small interference RNAs (siRNAs) of IFI16 were transfected into HAAFs in vitro to make IFI16 gene silence, ②Con-siRNA group, non-specific siRNAs were transfected into HAAFs as negative control and ③Untreated HAAFs group, blank control. HAAFs cell cycle and apoptosis rate were examined by flow cytometry, IFI16 mRNA expression was measured by real time qRT-PCR, protein expressions of IFI16, p53, p21, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blot analysis. Results: Compared with Con-siRNA group and Untreated HAAFs group, IFI16-siRNA group showed decreased apoptosis rate of HAAFs (3.33±0.41) % vs (7.42±1.51) % and (6.49±1.10) %, P<0.05, reduced ratio of G0/G1 phase cells (56.64 ± 4.77 ) % vs (69.67±3.54) % and (68.29±4.14) %, P<0.05, while increased ratio of S phase cells (25.23±5.19)% vs (13.76±2.07) % and (14.04±3.00) %, P<0.05. Meanwhile, IFI16-siRNA group presented down-regulated IFI16 mRNA and protein expressions, decreased protein levels of p53, p21, Bax and increased protein level of Bcl-2, all P<0.05. Conclusion: Inhibited IFI16 expression could decrease HAAFs apoptosis, promote cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase which might be related to the suppression of p53/p21 signaling pathway and regulation of Bax/Bcl-2 expression.

Objective To investigate pathogenic factors,clinical characteristics,pathological changes in 6 patients with localized or disseminated intestinal neuronal dysplasia(IND).Methods The clinical retrospective study was performed in 6 cases with localized and disseminated IND.Results In 6 patients,constipation and partial intestinal obstruction were the major symptoms.Preoperatively,dia-gnoses were revaluated as intestinal stenosis in 2 cases,long sigmoid in 2 cases and long-segment aganglionosis and total gastrointestinal IND in the rest 2 cases,respectively.Exploratory laparotomy was performed on all these patients.Pathological study suggested that 4 of them were localized IND,on whom enterectomy and intestinal anastomosis were performed successfully.However,2 cases of disseminated IND died postoperatively.Conclusions Disseminated IND may be caused by congenital factors,while localized IND by the acquired factors which including intestinal obstruction,local ischemia or inflammation.The surgical interventions are effective for localized IND,and intestine transplantation might be prospective treatment for disseminated IND.

AIM: To compare the measurement of anterior chamber depth(ACD) inclusive of corneal thickness using intrao-cular lens(IOL) master and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and evaluate the repeatability of each method.METHODS: Two consecutive measurements of ACD were prospectively performed using IOL master and UBM in 60 eyes in 60 individuals. Mean values were compared using the paired t test. For each individual, ACD measure-ments was performed 5 times to estimate the repeatability of each method by a coefficient of variation(CV).RESULTS: The mean ACD was 2.95±0.25mm with the IOL master and 2.96±0.22mm with the UBM. This diffe-rence was not statistically significant (P=0.631).The coefficient of variation (CV) was 0.56%±0.26% and 0.65%± 0.36% in IOL master and UBM, respectively.CONCLUSION: The mean ACD of IOL master was the same as UBM. The repeatability of IOL master is better than UBM.

BackgroundIt has been proved that,after being forced,the biological soft tissue has stable biomechanical characteristics.However,there is rare study on corneal biomechanics.Rabbit is a main animal for experimental study in ophthalmology.But the biomechanical study of cornea in normal rabbit has not been reported.ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the biomechanical properties of normal rabbit central cornea and acquire the parameter. Methods Ten rabbits were sacrificed and the whole corneas were obtained and 20 central cornea specimens with 7 mm×5 mm of rabbit were prepared and tested on BOSE electroforce 3220-AT biomechanics machine under the room temperature and suitable humidity environment.Uniaxial tension,stress between strain,relaxation and creep were performed and the curves were drawn.The data was collected by wintest system to evaluate the biomechanical parameters of rabbit corneal tissue. ResultsThe maximum distortion intension of rabbit cornea was (7.7432±0.6099)MPa.After three cyclic loading,the stress gradually attenuated and the stress and strain flattened as the time change with the relaxation rate 30.33％.The deformation of the specimens enhanced with time decrease with the creep rate 24.33％. ConclusionsThe biomechanical characteristics of normal rabbit cornea are revealed in this study,which offer the basis for the experimental research of rabbit model aimed at corneal disease.