Age Factors ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prader-Willi Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE:To promote the development of clinical pharmacy.METHODS:The clinical pharmacists and the status quo of pharmaceutical care in Taiwan region were introduced.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The clinical pharmaceutical care mode prevalent in Taiwan region can serve as a model for mainland China to follow.What is urgent now is to emphasis the cultivation of clinical pharmacists and to perfect the concept of pharmaceutical care.

Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Tyrosinemias ; diagnosis ; therapy

Adult ; Female ; Food Industry ; manpower ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; Thiocyanates ; urine

Carbazoles ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Heart Failure ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Propanolamines ; therapeutic use ; Takayasu Arteritis ; complications ; drug therapy ; Vasodilator Agents ; therapeutic use

Castleman Disease ; complications ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Pemphigus ; complications

Objective: To observe the effects of interferon-induced protein 204 (p204) over-expression on apoptosis, proliferation and migration of aortic vascular adventitial ifbroblast (VAFs) in experimental rats.
Methods: Our research included in 3 groups: Iif204-Lv group, in whichVAFs were infected by Iif204-recombined lentivirus, Con-Lv group, in which VAFs carried the empty vector without virus, Blank control group, in which VAFs were untreated. VAFs proliferation was examined by MTT method, cell apoptosis was measured by lfow cytometry and the migration was detected by scratching assay and transwell chamber method. The mRNA and protein expressions of p204, p53 and p21were evaluated by real-time q RT-PCR and Western blot analysis respectively.
Results: Compared with Con-Lv and Blank control groups, Iif204-Lv group had decreased VAFs proliferation (by OD value) at 48 hours: (0.53 ± 0.05) vs (0.66±0.03) and (0.63 ± 0.06), at 72 hours: (0.89 ± 0.06) vs (1.02 ± 0.06) and (1.01 ± 0.07); distance of cell migration (by pixel): (61.00 ± 1.83) vs (74.50 ± 6.25) and (75.50 ± 7.85); number of cell migration: (61.75 ± 10.69) vs (155.25 ± 10.21) and (153.75 ± 9.40), allP<0.05. VAFs apoptosis rates were similar among different groups. Compared with Con-Lv and Blank control groups, Ifi204-Lv group presented up-regulated mRNA expressions of p204 (3.45 ± 0.15) vs (2.09 ± 0.10) and (2.06 ± 0.09); p53 (3.41 ± 0.09) vs (2.06 ± 0.07) and (2.10 ± 0.06); p21 (3.01 ± 0.08) vs (2.05 ± 0.06) and (2.11 ± 0.08), allP<0.05.
Conclusion: p204 over-expression inhibits VAFs proliferation and migration which might be partly related to the activation of p53 and p21 expression in experimental rats.

AIM: To compare the measurement of anterior chamber depth(ACD) inclusive of corneal thickness using intrao-cular lens(IOL) master and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and evaluate the repeatability of each method.METHODS: Two consecutive measurements of ACD were prospectively performed using IOL master and UBM in 60 eyes in 60 individuals. Mean values were compared using the paired t test. For each individual, ACD measure-ments was performed 5 times to estimate the repeatability of each method by a coefficient of variation(CV).RESULTS: The mean ACD was 2.95±0.25mm with the IOL master and 2.96±0.22mm with the UBM. This diffe-rence was not statistically significant (P=0.631).The coefficient of variation (CV) was 0.56%±0.26% and 0.65%± 0.36% in IOL master and UBM, respectively.CONCLUSION: The mean ACD of IOL master was the same as UBM. The repeatability of IOL master is better than UBM.

To assess the impact of the operational simulation training system on the cultivation of ophthalmic students.
●METHODS: Four hundred and eighty ophthalmic students in China Medical University from 2009 to 2011 were chosen as objects and divided into two groups at random. The students in the experimental group used operation simulation training system combined with traditional teaching methods, while the students in the control group only used traditional teaching methods. We examined the operation skills and the confidence of all the students half a year later.
●RESULTS: The improvement of the operation skills during the suture technique examination, and the confidence for operation technology were significantly different in two groups. The basic skills of the students in the examination groups improved apparently during the operational simulation training and they were full of confidence to their operational technique.
●CONCLUSlON: The operational simulation training is useful for promoting the clinical ability for ophthalmic students and should be widely popularized.

Objective To investigate pathogenic factors,clinical characteristics,pathological changes in 6 patients with localized or disseminated intestinal neuronal dysplasia(IND).Methods The clinical retrospective study was performed in 6 cases with localized and disseminated IND.Results In 6 patients,constipation and partial intestinal obstruction were the major symptoms.Preoperatively,dia-gnoses were revaluated as intestinal stenosis in 2 cases,long sigmoid in 2 cases and long-segment aganglionosis and total gastrointestinal IND in the rest 2 cases,respectively.Exploratory laparotomy was performed on all these patients.Pathological study suggested that 4 of them were localized IND,on whom enterectomy and intestinal anastomosis were performed successfully.However,2 cases of disseminated IND died postoperatively.Conclusions Disseminated IND may be caused by congenital factors,while localized IND by the acquired factors which including intestinal obstruction,local ischemia or inflammation.The surgical interventions are effective for localized IND,and intestine transplantation might be prospective treatment for disseminated IND.