Objective To study the chemical constituents of Aeschynomene indica.Methods The constituents were isolated and purified by means of silica gel column chromatography and recrytallization,and the structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses.Results Twelve compounds were obtained and elucidated as stigmasterol tritriacontanate (1),monotetracontane (2),taraxerol (3),stigmasterol (4),stearic acid (5),heptatriacontanoic acid (6),arachidic acid (7),ursolic acid acetate (8),quercetin (9),myricetin (10),myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside (11),and rutoside (12).Conclusion All the compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time and compound 1 is a new one.

Background Vancomycin has been increasingly recommended for the management of endophthalmitis,but few research report has been published about the pharmacokinetics of intravitreal vancomycin up to now.It is necessary to have an exact method to measure the concentration of vancomyein in animal eyes after intravitreal injection.Objective This study was to observe and compare the phamacokinetical process of vancomycin in serum,vitreous and aqueous humor between normal and infected rabbit eyes.Methods Seventy-two healthy adult rabbits were randomly divided into normal group and infected group and 36 rabbits for each.The animal models of endophthalmitis were established by intravitreal inoculation of 2000 CFU/ml staphylococcus aureus in the right eyes of rabbits in the infected group.Once endophthalmitis developed,0.1 ml vancomycin ( 10 g/L) solution was injected into the vitreous of every rabbit.The peripheral blood,vitreous and aqueous humor samples were respectively collected in 4 rabbits for each group at 0.5,2,4,6,12,24,48,72 and 84 hours after injection for detection of vancomycin concentration by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC-UV).3p97 software was used to create fit parameters of pharmacokinetics.This experiment followed the Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission (Version 1988).Results The accuracy of HPLC fitted the detecting request of biological specimen.The concentration-time data of vancomycin in normal rabbit aqueous humor and vitreous was subject to two-compartment model.The pharmacokinetic parameters were separately as following:Cmax was 50.16 mg/L and 751.42 mg/L,t1/2was 51.04 hours and 53.21 hours.The concentration-time data of vancomycin in infected rabbit aqueous humor and vitreous was subject to one-compartment model.The pharmacokinetic parameters were separately as following:Cmaxwas 24.94 mg/L and 687.66 mg/L,t1/2was 11.42 hours and 12.91 hours.The concentration of vancomycin in serum was much lower and almost undectable.The concentration of vancomycin in vitreous was gradually reduced as the prolong of time after injection in both normal group and infected group,but a obvious decline after increased level was scen in aqueous humor.Compared with normal group,the concentrations of vancomycin in both vitreous and aqueous humor were reduced at various time points(P＜0.05,P＜0.01 ).Conclusions HPLC is simple,highly sensitive and specific for the pharmacokinetic analysis of vancomycon.These results indicate that pharmacokinetic parameters of vancomycin alter in pathological condition,which is helpful for us to establish the better treatment guidelines for endophthalmitis.

?AlM:To observe the clinical effects of thelacrimal fistula excision combined with double silicone intubation in the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis with lacrimal fistula.? METHODS: Totally 25 cases ( 25 eyes ) of chronic dacryocystitis with lacrimal fistula were allocated into two groups:the double silicone intubation group of 13 cases (13 eyes) received lacrimal fistula excision combined with double silicone intubation, and the routine group of 12 cases (12 eyes) received routine dacryocystorhinotomy, we analyzed the curative effect.?RESULTS: The double silicone intubation group had a cure rate of 92. 3% (12 eyes), a effective rate of 100%, compared with the routine group had a cure rate of 91. 7%( 11 eyes ) , a effective rate of 100%, there were no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0. 05).?CONCLUSlON:Lacrimal fistula excision combined with double silicone intubation has a same effect with routine dacryocystorhinotomy in the treatment of chronic dacryocystitis with lacrimal fistula, but less invasive, no scar, less pain, and meet the patients' esthetic needs.

Abstract? AIM: To investigate changes of anterior chamber parameters after posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens ( ICL ) surgery and its correlation with intraocular pressure ( IOP) .?METHODS: This was a retrospective case series study. Seventy four eyes in 43 myopia patients were examined by Allegro Oculyzer anterior segment tomography to obtain the changes of anterior chamber volume ( ACV ) , anterior chamber angle ( ACA) , central anterior chamber depth ( ACD) and vault, meanwhile, to measure the IOP to analyze the correlation with anterior chamber parameters.?RESULTS: Compared with preoperative, ACV, ACA, ACD all decreased apparently ( P <0.01 ) in the postoperative period of 1, 3, and 6mo.ACV, ACA and ACD showed their stability in each period after the surgery.There were changes of vault in 1 and 6mo ( t=27.66, P=0.01).IOP had not altered when compared with the preoperative.This research revealed that IOP had no relation with ACV, ACA, ACD and vault in every phase( all P>0.05).?CONCLUSION:For patients underwent ICL, the anterior chamber parameters all decreased which included ACV, ACA, ACD, and had stabilized since early postoperative period. Correspondingly, IOP was stable and had not correlate with ACV, ACA, ACD and vault, however the long-term observation is still necessary.

0.05).3.IL-8-251A and 781C were lingkaged(D′=0.348?0.019,r2=0.114 P

0.05).Setting the threshold of MOV at 6.4 cm~3 offered the best compromise between sensitivity (84.8%)and specificity(87.5%),and setting the threshold of MaxOV at 8.6 cm~3 offered the best compromise between sensitivity(75.8%)and specificity(95.2%)and setting the threshold of MFN at 8 offered the best compromise between sensitivity(86.7%)and specificity(78.3%).Conclusions Ovarian morphology by ultrasonography yields satisfactory diagnostic accuracy for adolescent PCOS.Taking MOV≥ 6.4 cm~3 or MaxOV≥8.6 cm~3 or MFN≥8 as an ultraphonic criterion for pubertal PCOS offer the best compromise between sensitivity and specificity.

Objective To explore clinical value of serum total bile acid(TBA) and cholinesterase(CHE) in infantile hepatopathy.Methods Sixty infants diagnosed respectively with breast milk jaundice,cytomegalovirus hepatitis and congenital bile duct teratism were included.Twenty healthy infants were as control.The infants of cytomegalovirus hepatitis were self-compared in acute stage and convalescence stage.Serum TBA and CHE in every group were measured and compared.Results Serum TBA in control group,breast milk jaundice group,cytomegalovirus hepatitis group and congenital bile duct teratism group were(6.47?3.25),(8.71?1.79),(45.86?40.85),(119.50?31.73) ?mol/L,respectively;and CHE were(11295.50?1731.91),(10762.89?1237.30),(9771.32?860.27),(7967.304?31.58) U/L,respectively.Compared with other groups,the level of serum TBA and CHE in cytomegalovirus hepatitis group and the congenital bile duct teratism group were significantly different(all P

Objective To monitor the quality changes of iodized salt and analyze its impact factor in Chongqing between 2001 and 2009. Methods Salt samples were collected according to the east, west, south,north and center locations in iodized salt production, wholesale and household sectors. Two units in iodized salt production and wholesale segment were sampled from north, south, east and west places and only 1 unit was sampled from the central place. Nine samples were collected every month in each place. If the place had less than 9 units, and then taken all the units. About resident household, 2 townships were sampled from north, south, east and west places, and 1 township was sampled from the central place, then 20 samples were collected from each township. Iodine content was detected by oxidation-reduction assay. The index of mean iodine, qualified rate from factories and wholesale, coverage rate and taking rate of qualified iodized salt in residents were calculated.Significance was analyzed by trend test, analysis of variance and X2 test. Results The qualified rate of iodized salt from the manufacturers was 92.9%(13/14) in 2001 and the rate was 100.0% each year from 2002 to 2009. The qualified rates of iodized salt from the wholesale were 88.7%(282/318) - 99.8%(431/432). The rates of 2001 and 2002 were lower than that of other years(X2 = 4.98 - 45.69, all P< 0.05 or < 0.01). The coverage rate and taking rate of qualified iodized salt in residents were 94.2% (11 154/11 841 ) - 98.9% ( 14 061/14 217), 83.5% (9 887/11 841 ) -95.8% (13 449/14 039), respectively. The rates showed an increasing tendency (F = 9.27, 26.39, all P < 0.05).The districts(counties) with qualified iodized salt consumption rate > 90% kept increasing. The mean iodine from the manufacturers and wholesale were 29.71 - 36.25, and 31.26 - 36.13 mg/kg, respectively. The iodine level showed a descending trend(F = 35.45, 140.59, all P < 0.01 ). The mean iodine level from the inhabitants were 28.84 - 30.98 mg/kg which remained stable (F = 3.05, P > 0.05 ). The iodine level from manufacturers, wholesale to inhabitants showed an descending trend(F = 38.46 - 671.23, all P < 0.01 ). Conclusions The surveillance results of iodized salt shows an increasing tendency in quality of iodized salt, eoverage rate and taking rate of qualified iodized salt. Factors that affect the quality of iodized salt is that the enterprise does not add iodine to salt strictly by the standard.

OBJECTIVETo further select the items based on the pre-test version of quality of life scale in patients with viral myocarditis.

METHODSTotally 100 patients with viral myocarditis were enrolled in this study. Methodologies including frequency distribution, discrete trend, t-test, Cronbach's α coefficient, correlation coefficient and factor analysis were applied to select items from different perspectives.

RESULTSA total of 17 items were selected by frequency distribution method from the perspective of central tendency, 15 items were selected by discrete trend method from the perspective of sensitivity, 16 items were selected by t-test method from the perspective of sensitivity and discrimination, 16 items were selected by Cronbach's α coefficient method from the perspective of internal consistency, 12 items were selected by correlation coefficient method from the perspective of representation and independence, and 18 items were selected by factor analysis method from the perspective of representation.

CONCLUSIONItem selection of quality of life scale in patients with viral myocarditis was successfully conducted based on the clinical epidemiological data using a variety of statistical methods.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Myocarditis ; virology ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Aim To screen a more suitable transfection recep-tor,and improve the efficiency of constructing cell lines highly expressing human peptide transporters 1 (hPepT1 ).Methods The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1 (+)-hPepT1 was transfect-ed into MDCK cells and HeLa cells by LipofectamineTM 2000 transfection reagent,respectively.The monoclonal cells were se-lected and cultured.Expression of hPepT1 mRNA and protein were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot,respectively. The uptake capacity of Glysar in transfected cells was examined. Results Compared with wild type cells,the expression of hPepT1 and the uptake of Glysar in transfected MDCK cells and HeLa cells significantly increased (P <0.05).Although the up-take of Glysar in HeLa cells was higher than that of MDCK cells,on the contrary,the expression of hPepT1 and the uptake of Glysar in MDCK-hPepT1 cells was higher than that of HeLa-hPepT1 cells.Conclusion MDCK cells may serve as a more suitable transfected receptor for the construction of a cellular model with high expression of hPepT1 ,which would make the construction of a cell model highly expressing hPepT1 more effi-cient.