Humans ; Organometallic Compounds ; chemistry ; metabolism ; toxicity

Adenoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 ; genetics ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diploidy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; WT1 Proteins ; metabolism ; Wilms Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo assess the curative effects of different drugs on liver cell damage of rats induced by acute nickel carbonyl poisoning.

METHODSIn present study 220 SD rats were divided into control group (10 rats), carbonyl nickel group (10 rats), 20 mg/kg methylprednisolone group (40 rats), 100 mg/kg DDC group (40 rats), 10 µmol/kg sodium selenite group (40 rats), 0.25 ml shenfuhuiyangtang group (40 rats) and 20 mg/kg methylprednisolone with 100 mg/kg DDC group (40 rats). All rats except for control group inhaled passively 250 mg/m(3) carbonyl nickel for 30 minutes. At 4h and 30h after exposure, the drugs were given intraperitoneally to the rats. On the 3rd and 7th days after exposure, the liver samples were taken from 10 rats each group. The DNA damage of liver cells was detected using comet assay, the ultrastructure changes in liver cells were examined under an electronmicroscope.

RESULTSCompared to carbonyl nickel group, the tail lengths of liver cells in 5 groups administrated at 4 h or 30 h and tested on the 3rd or 7th day after exposure decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, the tail lengths of liver cells in sodium selenite and shenfuhuiyangtang groups administrated at 4h after exposure or sodium selenite, shenfuhuiyangtang and methylprednisolone with DDC groups administrated at 30h after exposure increased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), when tested on the 3rd day after exposure. Except from methylprednisolone sub-group administrated at 4h and tested on the 7th day after exposure, the tail lengths of liver cells in other groups administrated at 4 h or 30 h and tested on the 7th day after exposure increased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared to carbonyl nickel group, the Olive moment of liver cells in 5 groups administrated at 4 h or 30 h tested on the 3rd or 7th day after exposure decreased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared to the control group, the Olive moment of liver cells in following groups (selenite and shenfuhuiyangtang groups administrated at 4 h or 30 h and tested on the 3rd or 7th day after exposure, DDC group administrated at 4 h or 30 h and tested on the 7th day after exposure, DDC group administrated at 30h and tested on the 3rd day after exposure, and methylprednisolone with DDC group administrated at 30 h and tested on the 7th day after exposure) increased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). As compared with carbonyl nickel group, the ultrastructure observation indicated that the nucleus and other organelles of liver cells in methylprednisolone, DDC and methylprednisolone with DDC groups administrated at 4h and tested on the 3rd day were access to normal levels.

CONCLUSIONThe results of present study showed that methylprednisolone, DDC and methylprednisolone with DDC could improve obviously the repair of rat liver cell damage induced by acute carbonyl nickel poisoning, and the curative effects of early treatment were better than those of later treatment.

Animals ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; drug therapy ; pathology ; DNA Damage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatocytes ; pathology ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; therapeutic use ; Organometallic Compounds ; poisoning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Selenite ; therapeutic use ; Zalcitabine ; therapeutic use

Objective To observe DNA damage and morphological changes of lung cells in rats with acute carbonyl nickel poisoning. Methods SD rats were exposed to 20, 135 and 250 mg/m3 carbonyl nickel for 30 min by inhalation. On the third day and 7th day after exposure, DNA damage of lung cells were examined by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and the pathological changes in lung tissues and the changes of microstructure in lung cells were observed. Results The DNA damage of the rat lung cells were obviously found in all exposure groups at different exposure times and there was the most obvious DNA damage at 72 hour after exposure to nickel carbonyl but the damage appeared later than chlorine exposure group. The inflammatory infiltration and hyperplasia in lung tissue, bronchiolar damage and the bronchial mucosa defulvium appeared in the rats exposed to carbonyl nickel. The results of microstructure examination indicated that the organelles of type I pneumocytes was swellen, the body of type Ⅱ pneumocytes was emptied. The cytoplasm empty bubbles increased, the mitochondria was swellen, and alveolar mediastinum inside the collagen fiber in alveolar mediastinum increased. Conclusion The acute carbonyl nickel exposure could induce the injury of lung tissues and cells with dose-effect relationship and time-effect relationship.

Objective To evaluate the effects of beraprost sodium com-bined with losartan potassium on kidney function and microalbuminuria index of patients with early diabetic nephropathy .Methods A total of 68 cases of patients with early diabetic nephropathy were divided into the trial group ( n=34 ) and control group ( n=34 ) .The patients of control group were treated with conventional symptomatic treatment and beraprost sodium 40 μg, tid.On the basis of control group , the patients of trial group were treated with losartan potassium 50 mg, qd.The treatment for patients of two groups all lasted for 12 weeks.The changes in renal func-tion ( serum creatinine , blood urea nitrogen , homocysteine , cystatin C levels ) , and microalbuminuria index (β2 microglobulin , urine mi-croalbumin , urinary microalbumin /urine creatinine , 24 h urinary albu-min excretion rate ) and blood pressure , blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of the two groups before and after the treatment were ob-served.Results In the terms of urea nitrogen , homocysteine , cystatin C,β2 microglobulin, urine microalbumin, urinary microalbumin /urine creatinine , 24 h urinary albumin excretion rate , the patients of twogroups all significantly decreased than before treatment (P <0.05), and in the terms of homocysteine , cystatin C, mi-croalbuminuria index , the patients of the trial group got more significant decline ( P <0.05 ) , but in the terms of serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).The blood pressure of two groups significantly decreased after treatment , but blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of two groups all got no significant difference than those of before treatment ( P>0.05 ) .There was no serious adverse drug reactions in the two groups, including coughing , elevated serum potassium and so on .Conclusion The beraprost sodium com-bined with losartan potassium can protect the kidney endothelial cells and improve kidney function of patients with early diabetic nephropathy , effectively reduce urinary protein and slow the progression of disease with high safety .

ObjectiveTo analyze the outcome of psychiatric prevention and therapy program in the community in Huicheng District,Huizhou city.MethodsThe variables of supervision rate,improvement rate,society participation rate,disturbance creating rate of violence,the mean recurrence frequency in one year and hospitalization rate,etc.were observed in psychiatric patients pre-and post initiation of the program as the model of socialization,complexity,accessibility.Results3 years after carrying out the program in Huicheng District of Huizhou city,the supervision rate,improvement rate,society participation rate of psychiatric patients have significantly increased,and the disturbance creating rate of violence,the mean recurrence frequency in one year and hospitalization rate have substantially decreased.ConclusionThe psychiatric prevention and therapy program in the community in Huicheng District,Huizhou city has been shown to be an effective way for psychiatric intervention.

Objective To observe DNA damage and morphological changes of lung cells in rats with acute carbonyl nickel poisoning. Methods SD rats were exposed to 20, 135 and 250 mg/m3 carbonyl nickel for 30 min by inhalation. On the third day and 7th day after exposure, DNA damage of lung cells were examined by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and the pathological changes in lung tissues and the changes of microstructure in lung cells were observed. Results The DNA damage of the rat lung cells were obviously found in all exposure groups at different exposure times and there was the most obvious DNA damage at 72 hour after exposure to nickel carbonyl but the damage appeared later than chlorine exposure group. The inflammatory infiltration and hyperplasia in lung tissue, bronchiolar damage and the bronchial mucosa defulvium appeared in the rats exposed to carbonyl nickel. The results of microstructure examination indicated that the organelles of type I pneumocytes was swellen, the body of type Ⅱ pneumocytes was emptied. The cytoplasm empty bubbles increased, the mitochondria was swellen, and alveolar mediastinum inside the collagen fiber in alveolar mediastinum increased. Conclusion The acute carbonyl nickel exposure could induce the injury of lung tissues and cells with dose-effect relationship and time-effect relationship.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the safety and efficacy of prophylactic single antibiotic administration in selective open colorectal surgery.

METHODSTwo hundred and seventy-five patients undergoing selective open colorectal surgery in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from October 2009 to October 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Prophylatic single antibiotic administration was used by intravenous infusion 30-60 min before incision. No antibiotics would be given after operation if there was no surgical site infection(SSI). According to the incidence of postoperative SSI, unexplained use of antibiotics, anastomotic leakage and distant-site infection, the clinical outcome was assessed to be prophylactic success, prophylactic failure or distant-site infection, respectively.

RESULTSThere was no intraoperative or postoperative antibiotics related drug anaphylaxis in all the 275 patients. By prophylactic single antibiotic administration, there were prophylactic success in 243 patients(88.4%,243/275), prophylactic failure in 23(8.4%,23/275), distant-site infection in 9(3.3%,9/275). In the 23 patients with failed prophylaxis, there were SSI in 13(4.7%,13/275) patients, postoperative use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for unexplained fever in 2(0.7%,2/275), postoperative anastomotic leakage in 8(3.6%,8/222).

CONCLUSIONProphylactic single antibiotic administration in selective open colorectal surgery is safe and effective.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Colorectal Surgery ; Humans ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Wound Infection ; epidemiology ; prevention & control

AIM:To observe the expression of calreticulin(CRT)in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues,ana-lyze the significance of clinical pathology and the influence on epithelial -mesencymal transition(EMT)of CNE2 cells. METHODS:The expression of calreticulin was detected by immunohistochemistry in 52 nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 57 nasopharyngeal benign tissues,and the significance of clinical pathology was evaluated.The calreticulin gene-specific small interfering RNA was constructed,and then was transfected into the NPC cell line CNE 2 using the cationic liposome meth-od.The effect of CRT on the morphological changes of the CNE 2 cells was observed under light microscope.The effect of CRT on the cell migration and invasion abilities of the CNE 2 cells was detected by Transwell migration and invasion assays. The expression of EMT-related proteins E-cadherin,vimentin,transforming growth factor(TGF)-βand matrix metallopro-teinase(MMP)-9 in the CNE2 cells was determined by Western blot.RESULTS:The positive expression rate of CRT in the benign lesion tissues was 19.29%(11/57),which was significantly increased in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues as 82.69%(43/52).The expression rate of CRT was positively correlated with the stage of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).Knockdown of CRT expression made the CNE 2 cells showing a spindle shape to a flat, cobblestone-like epithelial state change,arranged more compact,and the migration and invasion abilities were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Knockdown of CRT expression resulted in significant increase in the protein expression of E -cadhe-rin,and the decreases in the protein expression of vimentin, TGF-βand MMP-9 in the CNE2 cells(P<0.05).CON-CLUSION:Calreticulin expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is significantly higher and positively correlated with naso -pharyngeal carcinoma stage and lymph node metastasis.Calreticulin promotes cell migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 cells by inducing EMT.

OBJECTIVETo identify the relationship between coagulation factor V (FV) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and venous thromboembolism (VTE).

METHODSThe FV clotting activity (FV: C) and FV antigen (FV: Ag) in plasma of VTE group (111 patients) and normal control (110 patients) were detected using one-stage clotting assay and ELISA, respectively. Five pairs of primers of the F V polymorphisms including Asp79His, Arg306The, Arg306Gly, Arg506Gln and Ile359The/His1299 Arg were synthesized and amplified by PCR. The PCR products were digested by restriction enzyme using PCR-RFLP. The detected polymorphisms were confirmed by direct sequencing. The samples containing the polymorphisms were screened for coding regions of all F V exons with direct sequencing.

RESULTSThe plasma levels of F V: C and F V: Ag of VTE group and normal control were (106.9 +/- 28.0)%, (110.4 +/- 33.3)% and (102.4 +/- 30.9)%, (102.1 +/- 24.1)%, respectively. The plasma level of FV: Ag was significantly different between VTE group and normal control. However, there was no difference in F V: C levels. Polymorphisms for the fore mentioned 5 primer pairs were not found in either patients or normal controls. Polymorphism of His1299Arg was identified in 5 patients with VTE and 3 normal controls. And these 5 cases also combined Met1736Val polymorphism, 3 of them combined another Asp2194Gly polymorphism.

CONCLUSIONThe higher plasma level of F V: Ag contribute to venous thromboembolism. There is no relationship between polymorphisms of Asp79His, Arg306The, Arg306Gly, Arg506Gln, Ile359The and venous thromboembolism in Chinese studied. Polymorphism His1299Arg is higher in VTE group than in normal control, but has no statistical difference. Polymorphisms of His1299Arg, Met1736Val and Asp2194Gly are linked disequilibrium in Chinese Han population.

Factor V ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Venous Thromboembolism ; genetics