Hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) is a prevalent primary liver cancer that is driven by cumulative chan-ges in the hepatocyte genome which were influenced by the liver microenvironment .The tumor microenvironment is a dynamic system, including cancer cells, stroma, the extracellular matrix.tissue hypoxia, diet, gastrointestinal tract ( GIT) microflora and circulating microvesicles , The liver microenvironment plays a pivotal role in HCC tu-merigenesis , progression and therapeutic efficienry .The study of the HCC microenvironment will provide new in-sights into the mechanism of tumourigenesis and potential novel targets in the treatment of HCC .

AIM: To optimize the method of extracion and isolation for anthraquinone component from rhubarb for increasing the extraction rate and purity. METHODS: Rhubarb was extracted 4 times in the refluxing method with ethanol. The borate buffer solution was used as extracted fluid. Rhein, rheum emodin and chrysophanol could be obtained by Deltar 4 000 high-pressure making system, and the pure product obtained by recrystallizing with acetone. The YWG C 18 column was (4.6?250) mm, the flow rate 1.0 ml. min -1, and UV detection wavelength 254 nm. Methanol, water and acid perchloride were taken as mobile phase with the ratio of 910.01. RESULTS: Deltar 4000 high-pressure making system could be used to isolate the anthraquinone component from rhubarb, the purity of rhein, rheum emodin and chrysophanol was more than 80%, and the ertraction rate of rheum emodin reached 0.6%. CONCLUSION: The extraction of the anthraquinone component is simple and cheap with ethanol from rhubarb, and the extraction rate is high. Deltar 4000 high pressure making system can be used to isolate the anthraquinone component from rhubarb with a high the extraction rate and purity.

External-beam radiotherapy is one of the principle treatment options for localized prostate cancer. Conventionally fractionated radiotherapy is widely used in clinical practice. Studies have shown that prostate cancer is highly sensitive to hypofractionated radiotherapy, also known as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), and increasing radiotherapy dose can significantly improve the local control rate of tumor. A number of recently completed researches have shown that SBRT is as effective as conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. In terms of radiation toxicity, the short-term toxicity of SBRT is more obvious than that of conventionally fractionated radiotherapy, but there is no significant difference in long-term toxicity. SBRT can provide more convenience for patients, and the medical cost is lower, so it has a great clinical application prospect.

Transient receptor potential(TRP) superfamily includes seven subfamilies and TRP channels are regulated by a wide variety of physical and chemical factors. Recently, several members of the TRP channel family have been reported to be regulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate(PIP2). The regulation is complex and it can be activation or inhibition, involving multiple mechanisms and factors. This review summarizes the PIP2 regulation of several TRP channels of different superfamilies and the related pathophysiological significance.

Chromosome Banding ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; methods ; standards ; DNA Probes ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Diseases ; therapy ; Sprains and Strains ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the methods of the hemorrhage prevention and the measures of hemostasis by CT guided after renal cancer cryoablation.Methods Retrospective analysis of 8 patients of renal cell carcinoma patienthave been done,all the patients were underwent cryoablation.The basic model included 10 min frozen,3 min thawed and 1 cycle were repeated.Before the cryoprobe puncture,a CT scan was taken to observe the blood supply of the tumor and the relationship between the border of the tumor and renal cortex,renal pelvis.Besides,the path of reducing the injury of normal renal cortex and renal pelvis was chosen,and the decreased number of probes was adopted by taking conformal cryoablation to reduce the damage to the renal capsule,in theensurance of the treatment efficacy.Intraoperative CT scan was performed discontinuously,to observe the covering status of the range of ice ball on the lesion and to monitor the perirenal bleeding.Postoperative ECG and blood pressure changes was observed 24 h after operation.Besides,CT scan or blood routine examination is necessary to monitor whether active bleeding happened.Results According enhanced CT image positioning puncture path,the path of probes were selected in the shortest path between the tumor margins and the renal cortical which avoid the renal pelvis.Probes were CT-guided conformal puncture into the lesion successfully for 8 patients,according to freezing basic mode to complete cryoablation.Timely intraoperative CT scan can clearly observe that a low-density ice ball wrapped lesion completely without involving the renal pelvis and normal tissue surrounding the kidney.There was no bleeding in the procedure of cryoablation.After the probe was pulled,CT scan showed:3 of the 8 patients didn't show any sign of henorrhage,in which 1 patient had heavily bleeding,about 150 ml due to the biopsy after cryoablation.The bleeding was stopped by interventional embolization.A little hemorrhage was found in two patients,about 10 ml outside renal capsule.Medium hemorrhage took place in two patients,30 nl in one patient which underwent several cycles of thawing and 60 ml in another.The patients of mild and medium hemorrhage was treated with intravenous injection of Reptilase and strict bed rest.There was a great hemorrhage in one patient,about 200 ml.The bleeding was stopped by interventional embolization.A small and moderate bleeding,it necessary to execute intravenous infusion 2 IU reptilase and strict bed rest.There was no significant active bleeding from the CT scan after 24 h operation and no change in the blood routine examination of blood hemoglobin and red blood cell count.Conclusions Before the puncture,it is necessary to perform an enhanced CT scan to understand the position,which can determine the path of the puncture.It can reduce the damage of renal cortex,renal capsule and surrounding tissue and prevent and reduce the risk of bleeding.For larger amounts of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding subjects,the embolization should be given immediately,as for the small or moderate amount of bleeding,the conservative treatment may be given firstly.

In this paper, 29 endophytes were isolated from different organs and tissues of Lycium barbarum of Ningxia by tablet coating method, 18 of them was fungi, and 11 of them was actinomycetes. The endophytes quantity in the different tissues were leaves > flowers > roots >fruits; The hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of 11 endophytes were investigated by Fenton reaction, and total antioxidant capacities of them were examined by a. total antioxidant capacity test kit; culture features and strain-specific sequence analysis were employed to explore the diversity of the 11 endophytes. The result showed that 5 fungi and 6 actinomycetes that having antioxidant activity could be phylogenetically classified into 3 genera, 3 genera and 3 families, respectively. The total antioxidant capacity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of the 11 endophytes showed distinct difference. The antioxidant activity of Aspergillus were stronger, among which total antioxidant capacity of fL1 was (188.5 ± 0.549) U · mL⁻¹ and the IC₅₀ was 0.3 mg · L⁻¹; the IC₅₀ of strain fL1 was 0.42 mg · L⁻¹ and the total antioxidant capacity of fL9 was (113.63 ± 1.021) U · mL⁻¹, all of them were stronger than the positive control Vit C. The experimental results indicated that endophytic fungi of L. barbarum of Ningxia have a great developing and application prospect for the development of antioxidant agent.
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Bacteria ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Biodiversity ; Endophytes ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Fungi ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Lycium ; microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oxidation-Reduction

Objective To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 7(MMP7)in paraquat(PQ)?induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Methods Forty?eight SD rats were randomly divided into the control group and the pulmonary fibrosis model group(PQ model group),each group of twenty?four rats. Rats in the PQ model group received single intraperitoneal injection of 4 mg/mL PQ dilute solution and the control group were in?traperitoneal injected with the same dose of saline. Eight rats of each group were sacrificed on day 7,day14 and day 28 respectively. The pathological changes of lung tissues were observed and the hydroxyproline(HYP)content in lung tissues was determined. The severity of pulmonary fibrosis was observed. The expressions of MMP7 in lungs were observed by immunohistochemistry. Results The observation of general state of the experimental animals showed that except one rat died at day 28 d,all other rats survived to the end point of observation. After intraperitoneal injection with PQ,the weight of rats in the PQ model group gradually declined,and then increased around day 14,yet still much lower than that in the control group at day 28(P<0.05). After intraperitoneal injection with PQ,the pulmonary index in the model group increased gradually and then decreased after reach?ing the peak on day 14. The content of HYP in rat lung tissues in the PQ model group was remarkably higher than in the control group at day 7,day 14,and day 28,with statistical significance(P<0.01). In the PQ model group,the content of HYP was significantly up?regulated with the extension of infected time and reached the peak value at day 28. The results of HE staining showed significant pulmonary alveolitis at day 7,hyperplasia of abundant collagen fibers in alveolar septum at day 14,and obvious pulmonary fibrosis and collapse of alveolar structure on day 28 in the lung tissues of the PQ model group. A weak expression of MMP7 was measured in the lung tissues in the control group and the expression of MMP7 was higher in the PQ model group than in the control group at day 7,day 14,and day 28,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Conclusion Paraquat poison?ing was mainly manifested in inflammatory reactions of lung tissues in the early stage together with increase of fibroblasts and mainly in fibrosis in the late stage. The expression of MMP7was increased along with the severity of pulmonary alveolitis or fibrosis and showed significant changes compared to the control group at day 28 after poisoning,indicating that MMP7may be the marker of paraquat?induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of acupuncture of points of three hand yang meridians for treating postapoplectic finger contracture. Methods: Sixty patients with postapoplectic finger contracture were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The treatment group received acupuncture of points of three hand yang meridians and the control group, conventional acupuncture. The curative effects and posttreatment hand myodynamia scores were compared between the two groups. Results and Conclusion: All the cure rate, marked efficacy rate and total efficacy rate were significantly higher in the treatment group than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Hand myodynamia score was significantly lower after treatment than before in both groups (P＜0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups after treatment. It is indicated that clinical hand function was improved more in the treatment group than in the control group.