1.Research progress in the study of brain microdialysis in glioma.
Lin LIU ; Xiang-Yi ZHANG ; Yao XIAO ; Xing-Guo ZHANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2014;49(4):450-456
Glioma is the most common form of brain cancer. Despite recent advances in the treatment of solid tumors, there are few effective treatments for malignant gliomas due to its infiltrative nature. It has important significance to improve the treatment of glioma through in-depth understanding the intracerebral metabolic characteristics and pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutics. Brain microdialysis (B-MD), an effective method to monitor central nervous system anticancer drug disposition, conditions of drugs through the blood-brain barrier, basic pathophysiologic metabolism, bioactive compounds and the changes of neurotransmitter in brain, provides the unique opportunity to allow the simultaneous determination of unbound concentrations of drugs in several tissues, and directly measure gliomas biochemistry continuously. B-MD has been able to monitor the change of brain drugs, metabolites and neurotransmitters, dynamic analysis of the drug concentration and pharmacological effect after administration, pharmacodynamic interaction between drugs, receptor mechanism of drug transport, as well as feedback information of internal environment. B-MD is expected to provide reference for clinical individual chemotherapy of glioma, but also provide powerful tools for the evaluation of new anticancer drugs in vivo. In this review, a comprehensive overview of B-MD for studies on glioma is elucidated with special emphasis on its application to neurochemistry and pharmacokinetic studies.
Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents
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pharmacokinetics
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Blood-Brain Barrier
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Brain Neoplasms
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metabolism
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Glioma
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metabolism
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Humans
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Metabolomics
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methods
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Microdialysis
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methods
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Neurotransmitter Agents
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pharmacokinetics
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Pharmaceutical Preparations
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metabolism
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Positron-Emission Tomography
2.Effects of tributyltin chloride on superoxide dismutase from Tegillarca granosa
Xiang XIAO ; Yali HAN ; Huixiang YUAN ; Kebo LIN
Chinese Journal of Marine Drugs 1994;0(04):-
Superoxide dismutase(SOD) was purified from Tegillarca granosa and the effects of tributyltin chloride(TBTCl) on the enzyme activity of the SOD were analyzed at different conditios. The results showed that the effects of TBTCl on SOD activity were more ohvious at room temperature than at four degrees centigrade. 58. 1 % of the enzyme activity was reserved after SOD was incubated with 200?g?mL-1 of TBTC1 for 72 hours at room temperature, while 90. 9% of the enzyme activity was reserved at four degrees centigrade. The enzyme activity of SOD was reduced with the increase of TBTC1 concentration and interaction time. TBTCl could reduce heat-resisting, acid-resisting and alkali-resisting abilities of SOD. With TBTCl concentration increase,SOD isozyme bands in the graph of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were getting weaker.
3.Effects of resveratrol on proliferation and differentiation of murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and the underlying mechanisms
Sifan CHEN ; Xincai XIAO ; Yanshuang SUN ; Lin ZHENG ; Xiang FENG
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin 2010;26(1):108-111
Aim To explore the effect and mechanism of resveratrol (Res) on proliferation and differentiation of murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.Methods 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured and treated with resveratrol in different dosages.Cell proliferation was analyzed by WST-1 method. Oil red O staining method and spectrophotography were applied to analyze the degree of differentiation. Real-time PCR was applied to detect the mRNA expression of adiponectin and leptin. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1),peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCTTA enhancer binding proteinα (C/EBPα).Results Res inhibited proliferation of murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a time-dose dependent manner.The expression levels of adiponectin and leptin mRNA were decreased, and Res also inhibited 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to differentiate into mature adipocytes. Res increased the expression levels of Sirt1 and decreased the expression levels of PPARγ and C/EBPα.Conclusions Resveratrol can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.The underlying mechanisms may include enhancing expression of Sirt1 and inhibiting expression of PPARγ,C/EBPα which are related to cell differentiation.
4.Experimental study on microcoagulation of dorsal root entry zone of cervical cord with bipolar forceps
Jian-Ping XIANG ; Xiao-Lin LIU ; Jun HU ;
Chinese Journal of Microsurgery 2006;0(06):-
Objective To investigate the safety and obtain parameters of microeoagulation of dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) of cervical cord with bipolar foreps on animal model,and provide histological base for clinical application of treatment of brachial plexus avulsiol pain using microcoagulation of dorsal root entry zone.Methods On the base of swine's weight and spinal cord size in similar to human being,it was chosen to be experimental animal.The right DREZs of cervical cord were microcoagulated with bipolar forceps.The swines were fed in normal way.Their activities were observed.The mass change of the cervical cord segment were observed after 3 weeks and the cervical cord segment was fixed with 10% fromalin,paraffin sliced,HE dying.Coagulating space,depth and width were measured under microsope.The coagulating parameter were adjusted according to measuring outcome in order to achieving a most avaliable parameter.Results All post-op swine survived.When the microcogulation were made with bipolar forceps adopted following parame- ters:The distance of between the polar was 2.0 mm;The diameter of polar was 0.3 mm.The inserting depth 2 mm,the coagulated power 18 watt,the coagulated time was 2 second,then the width of lesions of DREZ in cross section was 1.15 mm and the depth of lesions was 3.10 mm,which was consistent with the area of hu- man DREZ of cervical cord.Conclusion The experiment on swine suggested,microcoagulation of DREZ by bipolar forceps is safe and no mortal complications when the testified parameters are adoped,and can achieve the area of DREZ of cervical cord in human.
5.Progress in monoclonal antibody humanization based on complementarity-determining region grafting
xiao-lin, ZHU ; feng, CHENG ; guan-xiang, QIAN
Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(Medical Science) 2006;0(11):-
Humanized monoclonal antibodies(mAbs) are increasingly widely used in targeted therapy for cancer and some other major diseases.Complementarity-determining region(CDR) grafting makes quantities of humanized mAbs available.Herein,we provide an overview on the strategy and progress of CDR grafting.
6.Neural network injury and motor functional parameters in subacute stroke patients using diffusion tensor imaging
Xiang XIAO ; Le LI ; Yanchun LV ; Qiang LIN ; Dongfeng HUANG
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2014;(15):2421-2426
BACKGROUND:The interaction of neural network and motor function in post-stroke brain tissue remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To observe neural network impairment fol owing subacute stroke by using diffusion tensor imaging, and to investigate the relationship with neurological defects and motor dysfunction.
METHODS:A total of 19 patients after subactue stroke and 20 healthy adults were examined with diffusion tensor imaging. The fol owing parameters were compared:fractional anisotropy, apparent diffusion coefficient, asymmetry indices of fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient. The neurological defect and motor function were evaluated with the corresponding scales. The 10-meter walking speed was measured. The correlation of diffusion tensor imaging parameters with the scale scores and 10-meter walking speed was analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The stroke group exhibited reduced fractional anisotropy value asymmetry and fractional anisotropy value in bilateral posterior limbs of the internal capsule. Apparent diffusion coefficient value asymmetry and apparent diffusion coefficient value in the posterior limb of the internal capsule were lower than control unaffected side (P<0.05). Apparent diffusion coefficient value and apparent diffusion coefficient value asymmetry in posterior limb of the internal capsule showed a strong negative correlation with Fugl-Meyer assessment scores of the lower extremities (P<0.05). Diffusion tensor imaging parameters is closely linked with motor dysfunction of the lower extremities in subacute stroke patients. Local stroke lesion-caused neurological defect is the leading cause of motor dysfunction of the lower extremities.
7.Construction of NF-?B/p65-targeting RNAi combinant adenovirus vector and its suppressive effect on the expression of p65 in ECV304 cells
Gang CHEN ; Yu-Fang QIAO ; Xu LIN ; Jin YAO ; Miao LIN ; Ting-Ting YOU ; Xiao-Yan SHEN ; Xiang-Qing ZHU ; Lun-Pan MOU ; Li-Xiang LIN
Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1986;0(04):-
Objective To construct RNAi combinant adenoviral expressive vectors specific to p65 subunit of NF-?B and to observe their gene silencing effect on p65 subunit.Methods Three pairs of complementary. single-strand DNA oligos targeting three various sites of p65 mRNA were designed and synthesized.Annealling was used to generate double-strand oligos(ds-oligos),and then the ds-oligos were cloned into pENTR~TM/u6 to generate the entry clone named pENTR.Recombination reaction in vitro with the pENTR and pAd/BLOCK-iT~TM- DEST was used to creat the adenovirus plasmid which contains the RNAi cassette.Then,the adenovirus plasmids digested with PacI were transfected into HEK293A cells to product adenovirus,and latter infected the HEK293A cells to amplify the adenoviral stock.Plaque forming assay was used to titer the adenoviral stock.The p65 gene silencing effect induced by the RNAi adenovirus was detected by Western blot and immunocytochemistry assay in ECV304 cells.Results The RNAi adenovirus specific to p65 subunit of NF-?B were produced with titer of 3.0 x 10~9pfu/ml to 2.5?10~10pfu/ml.The expression of p65 protein in ECV304 cells could be down-regulated efficiently by the RNAi adenovirus 48-72 h after infection,which would last for more than 6 days after infection.Conclusion RNAi adenovirus is an important tool inhibiting the expression of target gene efficiently.
8.The effect of Connexin43 downregulation on biological functions of HUVEC.
Cai-zhen ZHANG ; Xiao-feng MU ; Xian-xiang XU ; Fei QIU ; Jun-sheng LIN ; Yong DIAO
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2015;50(3):298-304
Connexin43 has been shown to play a pivotal role in wound healing process. Wound repair is enhanced by acute downregulation of connexin43, by increasing proliferation and migration of keratinocyte and fibroblast. Angiogenesis is also a central feature of wound repair, but little is known about the effects of connexin43 modulation on functions of endothelial cells. We used connexin43 specific small interference RNA (siRNA) to reduce the expression of connexin43 in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and investigated the effects of connexin43 downregulation on intercellular communication, viability, proliferation, migration and angiogenic activity of HUVEC. Treatment of siRNA markedly reduced the expression of connexin43 by -80% in HUVEC (P < 0.05), and decreased the intercellular communication by -65% (P < 0.05). The viability, proliferation, migration and angiogenic activity of HUVEC decreased significantly (P < 0.05), compared with that of the normal cells. The results suggest that temporally downregulation of connexin43 expression at early stage of wound to inhibit the abnormal angiogenesis characterized with leaky and inflamed blood vessels, maybe a prerequisite for coordinated normal healing process.
Cell Movement
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Cell Proliferation
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Cell Survival
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Connexin 43
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metabolism
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Down-Regulation
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Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
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cytology
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Humans
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Neovascularization, Physiologic
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Umbilical Veins
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cytology
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Wound Healing
9.RNA-Seq and genuine traditional Chinese medicine.
Xiao-Yue WANG ; Jing-Yuan SONG ; Cai-Xiang XIE ; Jian-Ping HAN ; Shi-Lin CHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2014;49(12):1650-1657
RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a newly-developed method in transcriptome research, it can afford more accurate transcription information and be more quickly by using Next-generation Sequencing (NGS) technology. RNA-Seq has been widely used in various biological fields. Genuine traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), with good quality and therapeutic effect, were always praised highly and used by famous physicians. The geo-herbalism formation of TCM is based on the product of the gene expression at specific space and time. So it has been a research hotspot to analyze the mechanism of biosynthesis through RNA-Seq in the study on the secondary metabolism of medicinal plant. This article mainly illustrates the RNA-Seq and its advantages, it also discusses the potential application in genuine TCM, and it can provide useful information for other researchers.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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Gene Expression Profiling
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High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
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Medicine, Chinese Traditional
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Plants, Medicinal
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genetics
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RNA
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Sequence Analysis, RNA
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Transcriptome
10.Concurrent medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma: report of a case.
Ke-rong LIN ; Zhao-lang HUANG ; Xiao-wang HUANG ; Xiang-yang ZHENG ; Guo-rong CHEN
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2012;41(4):279-280
Calcitonin
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metabolism
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Carcinoma, Medullary
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metabolism
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pathology
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Carcinoma, Papillary
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metabolism
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pathology
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Chromogranin A
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metabolism
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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metabolism
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Neoplasms, Multiple Primary
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metabolism
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pathology
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Synaptophysin
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metabolism
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Thyroglobulin
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metabolism
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Thyroid Neoplasms
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metabolism
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pathology
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Transcription Factors