Objective:To know about the prevalence of depression,anxiety,and suicidal behaviors among newly diagnosed HIV-positive men who have sex with men.Methods:A cross-sectional study with a consecutive sample was conducted in the HIV/AIDS Voluntary Counseling and Testing Clinic of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.A standard set of questionnaires,namely,the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7),and a self-designed suicidal behavior questionnaire were used to assess the subjects'emotional problems.Results:Among 321 newly diagnosed HIV-positive men who had sex with men,the positive rate of depression and anxiety were 41.1％ (132/321) and 31.5％ (101/321),respectively.The rate suicidal ideation after HIV diagnosis was 27.7％ (89/321).Individuals who were living with others,had HIV related clinical symptoms,higher HIV/AIDS related stress,and lower social support were more likely to have positive depressive symptoms.Individuals who were unmarried,had lower HIV/AIDS related stress,and lower social support were more likely to have positive anxiety.The prevalence of suicidal ideation after HIV diagnosis was higher among individuals who were unwilling to join in HIV/AIDS support groups,had HIV related clinical symptoms,higher HIV/AIDS related stress,lower social support,and both positive depression and anxiety symptoms.Conclusion:The prevalence of emotional problems is high among newly diagnosed HIV-positive men who have sex with men.It is warranted to promote mental health service for this vulnerable group.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of bone density and bone strength after alveolar ridge augmentation with Titanium Nickel shake memory alloy (TiNi-SMA) distractor and acellular dermal matrix (ADM).Methods Twelve adult healthy male dogs were selected.After the animal model of alveolar atrophy was set up,on one side of mandible,two S-shaped distractors were placed.The diameter of S-shaped distractor was 1 mm and the rebound temperature was 33℃.The ADM was placed on the distraction gap and fixed by the feet of distractors.The other side was placed only with distractors,serving as control side.Six dogs' mandibles were harvested after 1 and 3 months respectively.Dual energy X-ray absorptimetry (DEXA) was used to scan bone density around the distraction gap.Mechanical machine was used to test compression strength and elastic modulus.Results Months after distraction,the bone density of upper distraction gap ,distraction gap and low distraction gap were respectively (0.714±0.238) g/cm2,(0.512±0.435) g/cm2 and (0.615±0.043) g/cm2 on experimental side.The compression strength and elastic modulus were (36.54±7.32) Mpa and (1674.10±256.43) Mpa.All of above were higher than those of control side.Conclusions ADM can improve the bone quality, increase bone density and intensity and is an ideal guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane for alveolar ridge agumentation with TiNi-SMA distraetor.

Objective To investigate use of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (MR-DTI) for quantitatively evaluating the efficacy of Mailuoning Injection on non-compressive lumbar radiculitis.Methods Nine Bama mini pigs were selected and divided into group A,B and C,3 cases in each group.The non-compressive lumbar radiculitis model was established under CT-guiding.The corresponding therapeutic drugs (group A:10 mL Mailuoning;group B:10 mL normal saline;group C:10 mL diminishing inflammation fluid) were given by epidural injection on 14 d after constructing model.MR-DTI was performed before model construction,14 d after model construction and before treatment.One experimental pig in each group was taken on 3,7,14 d after treatment,performed MR-DTI and killed for taking the nerve root sample to conduct the immunohistochemical detection.The fractional anisotropy (FA) values of nerve root in MR-DTI imaging were measured.The FA values and immunohistochemical detection results were statistically analyzed.Results MR-DTI:the FA values after model construction in each group was decreased (P<0.05);the FA values on 14 d after treatment in the group A was increased,which showed statistically significant difference compared with before treatment (P<0.05);the FA values after 3,7 d treatment in the group A had no obvious increase,the difference between the group A and B was not statistically significant (P>0.05),but the FA values increase in the group C was earlier and more rapid than other two groups (P<0.05);the FA values after 14 d treatment in the group A was risen again,the FA values of bilateral nerve roots had no statistical difference between the group A with the group B and C (P>0.05),while the FA values had statistical difference between the group B and C (P<0.05).The immunohistochemical results:TNF-α integral absorbency value(IA value) on 7 d after treatment in the group A began to decline;the TNF-α IA value on 14 d after treatment in the group A and C was significantly decreased compared to group B,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Mailuoning Injection has a certain effect on non-compressive lumbar radiculitis,which can be evaluated by using DTI.

Objective To observe the expression of vimentin (Vim) after silence of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in rats with spinal cord contusion (SCC). Methods The model of SCC was established in 30 Sprague-Dawley rats with Allen's method. The rats were randomized into vector group (n=15) and silence group (n=15), which were injected blank lentivirus vector and vector of IL-1β siRNA, respectively; and divided in three, seven and 28 days subgroups. The relationship between IL-1βand Vim was predicted with GeneMANIA bioinformatics. The expression of Vim protein and mRNA in spinal cord was detected with immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results GeneMANIA bioinformatic analysis indicated that there was some direct and indirect relationship between IL-1β and Vim. The Vim protein and mRNA expressed in the spinal cord, and was less in the silence group than in the vector group (t>2.875, P<0.05). Conclusion Silence of IL-1β can inhibit the expression of Vim in SCC rats, which may promote the recovery of spinal cord function.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of 20( R)-ginsenoside Rg3 on the expressions of angiogenesis factors proteins (VEGF,bFGF, MMP-2) in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and HUVEC304 cell.

METHODThe cell lines of A549 and HUVEC304 were cultured with 20(R)- Rg3. The gray scale and positive rate of VEGF, bFGF, MMP-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry. The differential expressions of genes were studied by DNA microarray.

RESULTThe positive rate of VEGF protein in A549 cell decreased significantly as compared with the control group ( P = 0.03). The gray scales of VEGF, Flt, KDT proteins in both A549 cell lines and HUVEC 304 cell lines decreased ( P = 0.05). Gray scale of MMP-2 also decreased in A549 cell lines. The result of differential expressions of genes of A549 cell lines showed that 14 genes were down-regulated and 10 genes were up-regulated.

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese materia medica of 20( R)-Rg3 can inhibit the expression of angiogenesis factors proteins via several target genes in both tumour cell and vascular endothelial cell.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Ginsenosides ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Panax ; chemistry ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and iron status using serum ferritin (SF) as a marker for total iron and to identify the related factors of iron nutritional status among preschool children.

METHODSBy cluster sampling, we recruited 475 preschool children aged 2 to 7 years. A structured questionnaire and diet form were sent to the parents of these children to obtain related information about the socioeconomic level and dietary intakes. After collecting blood samples, the following indexes were measured. Hp IgG antibodies were measured with a dot enzyme-linked immunoassay; hemoglobin, Hct, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell distribution width index (RDW) with automatic Complete Blood Count; SF with an immunoradiometric assay. Stool Hp antigen and occult bleeding were measured with ELISA among individuals who were Hp seropositive. Hp status was defined as positive when both serum and stool antigen tests were positive, Hp status was defined as negative when serum antigen test was negative; 24-hour weighting and recording methods were used to dietary survey for three days in May and December 2001, respectively, dietary intakes including energy, protein and micronutrient were calculated using nursery school nutrition software and evaluated by Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). Mann-Whitney test was used to compare mean ranks of SF in Hp-positive and Hp-negative children. To obtain an adjusted estimate of the impact of Hp infection on SF, a multivariate analysis of covariance was done to evaluate the different level of SF between Hp infected and non-infected status. The relationship between iron deficiency and gender, age, socioeconomic condition, iron intake, and calcium intake was assessed by univariate analysis. An unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis was also performed. Iron deficiency status was dichotomized and placed as the dependent variable. Hp infection status was incorporated together with possible confounding factors as independent variables in a final logistic regression model. All the data were managed by EPI Info 5.01a and analyzed by SAS (Version 6.12).

RESULTSTotally 64 children were diagnosed as Hp-positive and 305 as Hp-negative. Mann-Whitney test and multivariate analysis of covariance both showed that SF concentration was significantly lower in Hp infected individuals than non-infected individuals. Adjusted mean level and 95% confidence interval of SF in infected and non-infected children was 23.62 microg/L (7.13 microg/L-78.26 microg/L), 33.48 microg/L (10.28 microg/L-109.06 microg/L), respectively. The relationship between Hp infection and iron deficiency status persisted in logistic regression analysis after adjusting for possible confounding factors (OR: 7.95; 95% CI 2.56 - 24.67).

CONCLUSIONIron nutritional status was reduced in Hp infected preschool children. Hp infection appears to be an independent risk factor or an added stressor on iron status among preschool children.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Female ; Ferritins ; blood ; Helicobacter Infections ; blood ; Helicobacter pylori ; immunology ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nutrition Assessment

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of prenatal exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) on the physical development, early behavioral development, the adaptability to new environment and the learning and memory ability of rat offspring.

METHODSPregnant rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, olive oil group, 3 exposure groups (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg B [a]P). The rats were exposed to B [a]P) by intraperitoneal injection on the 17th-19th days during gestation. The offspring were weighed on postnatal days (PND)1, PND 4, PND 7 and PND 28, the indices of physical development, reflective ability and sensory function were detected for offspring, the Morris water maze and Open-field tests were used to measure the ability of learning and memory and the adaptability to new environment of offspring.

RESULTSThe time of ear opening in middle and high-dose groups [(4.1 +/- 0.4),(5.0 +/-0.4) d] was posterior to that in untreated and solvent groups [(3.3 +/- 0.5), (3.4 +/- 0.6) d ](P < 0.01). The attainment rate (6.5%) of the surface righting reflex test in high-dose group on the 4th day was significantly lower than that (36.1%) in untreated group, the attainment rate (50.0%) in high-dose group on PND7 was significantly lower than those (81.3% and 79.3%) in untreated group and solvent group (P < 0.05). Compared to the untreated group, the time of forelimb hanging test in all exposure groups on PND12 and PND14 significantly decreased; compared to the solvent group the time of forelimb hanging test decreased in high-dose group on the 14th day significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The attainment rate (61.9%) of olfactory discrimination in high-dose group on PND12 was significantly lower than that (94.3%) in untreated group (P < 0.05). The results of Morris water maze test showed that the escape latency of different dose groups significantly increased, and the time of spatial probe and the times of traversing flat in high-dose group decreased significantly, as compared to the untreated and solvent groups (P < 0.01). The results of open-field test indicated that the center retention time in middle and high-dose groups significantly prolonged, the times of crossing lattice obviously reduced, and the rearing times decreased in high-dose group, as compared to untreated (P < 0.05).Compared to the solvent group, the times of crossing lattice in all exposure groups reduced significantly (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe prenatal exposure to B[a]P could inhibit the physical development and early behavioral development, and influence the adaptability to new environment and learning and memory ability for offspring.

Animals ; Benzo(a)pyrene ; toxicity ; Female ; Learning ; drug effects ; Maze Learning ; Memory ; drug effects ; Motor Activity ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; physiopathology ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

This study was aimed to investigate the expression of CD96 on bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) from 91 patients with acute leukemia, and the results were analyzed with clinical pathological data. Flow cytometry was used to detect CD96 molecule on the bone marrow mononuclear cell surface of 91 newly diagnosed patients with acute leukemia, and 15 healthy adults were served as normal controls. The results showed that the average rate of CD96(+) expression on BMMNC (CD45(+) CD34(+) CD19(+)) of 21 patients with B-ALL was (17.41 ± 27.97)%, the average rate of CD96(+) expression on stem cells (CD45(+)CD34(+)CD7(+)) of 11 patients with T-ALL was (46.98 ± 45.55)%, the average rate of CD96(+) expression on BMMNC (CD45(+)CD34(+)CD38(-)) of 59 patients with AML was (16.69 ± 25.08)%, while the average rate of CD96(+) on BMMNC of healthy adult controls was (0.52 ± 1.84)%, there was significant difference in average rate of CD96(+) expression between above-mentioned patients and healthy adult controls (p < 0.05). Otherwise the average rate of CD96(+) on BMMNC after treatment showed no statistical difference between patient group with CR (1.68 ± 2.31) and healthy controls, but demonstrated statistical difference between patients without CR and healthy controls (p > 0.05). The leukocyte count, hemoglobin level and platelet count in CD96(+) group had no obvious difference from CD96(-) ones (p > 0.05). No change found in the field of molecular biology and cytogenetic between these 2 groups. It is concluded that CD96 expression is different in different types of leukemia. The positive expression of CD96 on bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells in patients with acute leukemia may be associated with primary drug resistance, relapse and progression. The CD96 on BMMNC of acute leukemias can be a helpful prognostic indicator in treatment response assessment.
Acute Disease ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the analgesic and sedative effects of inhaling a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen on burn patient during and after dressing change.

METHODSA total of 240 burn patients hospitalized in the Institute of Burn Research of Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Department of Burns of the First People's Hospital in Zhengzhou, and Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from October 2011 to September 2012 were enrolled in our study, and they were all in accordance with the inclusion criteria. The 240 patients were divided into control group (n = 60, treated with inhalation of oxygen during dressing change) and treatment group (n = 180, treated with inhalation of a mixture of 65% nitrous oxide and oxygen during dressing change) according to the computer-generated list of random number. The other treatments in control group and treatment group were the same. Before, during, and after dressing change, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), oxygen saturation (SO2), and adverse effects were observed. The degree of pain and anxiety felt by the patients were respectively evaluated with the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Chinese version of the burn specific pain anxiety scale (C-BSPAS) at the same time points as above. Data were processed with analysis of covariance, chi-square test, analysis of variance, and rank sum test.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences between control group and treatment group in the levels of HR, SBP, DBP, and SO2 before dressing change (with F values respectively 0.76, 0.06, 1.11, 0.70, P values all above 0.05). Compared with those of control group, the levels of HR, SBP, DBP, and SO2 in treatment group were significantly ameliorated during dressing change (with F values respectively 81.78, 146.36, 226.44, 205.62, P values all below 0.01). After dressing change, the levels of DBP in the two groups were close (F = 0.31, P > 0.05), but the levels of HR, SBP, and SO2 showed statistical differences (with F values respectively 7.02, 8.69, 12.23, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Before dressing change, the VAS scores were approximate between control group and treatment group (Z = 0.21, P > 0.05). Compared with those in control group (9.4 ± 0.7, 1.7 ± 2.5), the VAS scores were significantly lowered in treatment group during and after dressing change (1.6 ± 1.3, 0.7 ± 1.1, with Z values respectively 11.84, 3.35, P values all below 0.01). There was no significant difference in C-BSPAS score between control group and treatment group before dressing change (Z = 0.62, P > 0.05). Compared with those in control group (75 ± 13, 73 ± 12), the C-BSPAS scores in treatment group were decreased during and after dressing change (9 ± 15, 9 ± 14, with Z values respectively 11.91, 12.28, P values all below 0.01). There were no obvious adverse effects in two groups before, during, and after dressing change.

CONCLUSIONSA mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen seems to have obvious analgesic and sedative effects on burn patients during dressing change, and it can be widely used.

Administration, Inhalation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Analgesia ; methods ; Bandages ; Burns ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitrous Oxide ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Oxygen ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect and possible mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on survival and quality of life (QOL) in patients with esophageal carcinoma after esophagectomy.

METHODSAdopting prospective controlled method of study, the authors had 128 post-esophagectomy patients, hospitalized from February 2001 to February 2002, randomly divided into 3 groups: the TCM group, treated with TCM drugs alone; the chemotherapy group, with chemotherapy alone applied; and the synthetic group, treated with chemotherapy combined with Chinese medicine. Their survival rate and QOL were compared.

RESULTSIn the TCM group, the chemotherapy group and the synthetic group, the respective 3-year relapse and remote metastasis rate were 71.4%, 76.7%, 53.4%, respectively (chi(2) = 6.53, P < 0.05); the 1-year survival rate 42.9%, 46.5%, 72.1%; 2-year survival rate 28.6%, 27.9%, 55.8%, and 3-year survival rate 26.2%, 23.1%, 37.2%, respectively. And the QOL improving rate was 69.0%, 37.2%, 58.1%, respectively, all showing significant difference among them (chi(2) = 6.10, all P < 0.05). Moreover, immune function was increased in the TCM and the synthetic groups.

CONCLUSIONIntegrative Chinese and Western medicinal treatment was the beneficial choice for post-operational patients with esophageal carcinoma. However, long time use of simple Chinese medicine was also advisable, especially for those in poverty.

Adult ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immune System ; drug effects ; Immunoglobulins ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; mortality ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Survival Rate ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets